linux安装mysql

1. 下载mysql安装包mysql-5.7.26-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
   >下载地址<

2. 上传mysql-5.7.26-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz到安装目录/usr/local/

3. 解压

cd /usr/local/
tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.26-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

4. 重命名

 mv mysql-5.7.26-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql

5. 创建用户组mysql和用户mysql

#创建用户组
groupadd mysql
#创建用户，并加入用户组
useradd -r -g mysql mysql

6. 修改mysql目录的用户权限

chown -R mysql:mysql mysql

7. 更改mysql文件夹的权限

chmod 755 mysql

8. 创建mysql数据存放路径/workspace/db-data/mysql/data（也可以默认mysql的安装目录）,设置用户权限mysql和用户组mysql

cd /workspace/db-data/
mkdir -p mysql/data
chown -R mysql:mysql mysql

9. 修改/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server文件datadir

mysqld_pid_file_path=
if test -z "$basedir"
then
  basedir=/usr/local/mysql
  bindir=/usr/local/mysql/bin
  if test -z "$datadir"
  then
   ## datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
   ## 修改为
    datadir=/workspace/db-data/mysql/data
  fi
  sbindir=/usr/local/mysql/bin
  libexecdir=/usr/local/mysql/bin
else
  bindir="$basedir/bin"
  if test -z "$datadir"
  then
    datadir="$basedir/data"
  fi
  sbindir="$basedir/sbin"
  libexecdir="$basedir/libexec"
fi

10. 初始化命令（basedir为安装目录，datadir为数据目录）

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/workspace/db-data/mysql/data

注意打印日志：[Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: XdeeiR&fL6c&
是mysql数据库登录的临时密码

如果出现报错：

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

进行安装

yum install -y libaio

然后再重新执行初始化命令

11. 复制启动脚本到资源目录

cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld

12. 修改/etc/my.cnf文件,设置成自定义的路径

port=3306
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/workspace/db-data/mysql/data
log-error=/workspace/db-data/mysql/mysql.err
pid-file=/workspace/db-data/mysql/mysql-server.pid

13. 添加自定义路径文件

#创建/mysql-server.pid，写入一个进程号，退出保存
vim /workspace/db-data/mysql/mysql-server.pid
# 创建mysql.err文件，退出保存
vim /workspace/db-data/mysql/mysql.err
#设置用户权限
chown -R mysql:mysql /workspace/db-data/mysql/mysql-server.pid
chown -R mysql:mysql /workspace/db-data/mysql/mysql.err

14. 将mysqld服务加入到系统服务

chkconfig --add mysqld
#查看是否生效
chkconfig --list mysqld

15. 启动mysql

service mysqld start

16. 登录mysql

mysql -u root -p

报错如下：

-bash: mysql: command not found

输入：

 ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin

再次登录

报错如下：

ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2)

输入：

 ln -s /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock

再次登录

17. 修改密码

set password=password('123456');
grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by '123456';
flush privileges;

18. 使用客户端链接测试

添加用户并授权

1. 创建用户tester

## 登录
mysql -u root -p
##创建用户tester,密码tester123
create user 'tester'@'%' identified by 'tester123';
flush privileges;

2. 设置用户拥有test数据库的所有权限（某个数据库的所有权限）

grant all privileges on `test`.* to 'tester'@'%' identified by 'tester123';
flush privileges;

3. 设置用户拥有所有数据库所有权限

grant all privileges on *.*  to 'tester'@'%' identified by 'tester123';
flush privileges;