表空间与数据文件
创建表空间
create tablespace test_tablespace datafile ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dbname/test01.dbf’ size 100m auzoextend on;
create temporary tablespace temp_test tempfile ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/temp_test01.dbf ’ size 10m autoextend on;
设置数据文件为自动扩展
alter database datafile ‘数据文件名.dbf’ autoextend on;
设置数据库默认临时表空间
alter database default temporary tablespace temp_test;
删除用户和表空间及数据文件
drop user test cascade;
drop tablespace test including contents and datafiles;
会话
查看当前会话SID
select userenv(’sid’) from dual;
select * from v$mystat where rownum=1;
查看当前会话终端机器名
select userenv(‘terminal’) from dual;
查看当前会话标志
select userenv(‘sessionid’) from dual;
查看当前会话的环境变量
select userenv(‘language’) from dual;
查看当前会话环境的缩写
select userenv(‘lang’) from dual;
用户
创建用户及赋予权限
create user test identifed by 123456 default tablespace test_tablespace;
grant connect,resource to test;
解锁用户
alter user scott account unlock;
修改密码
alter user scott indentified by tiger;
查看用到缺省表空间
select username,default_tablespace from user_users;
查看当前用户的角色
select * from user_role_privs;
查看当前用户的系统权限和表级权限
select * from user_sys_privs;
select * from user_tab_privs;
查看当前会话的权限
select * from session_privs;
显示指定用户所具有的系统权限
select * from dba_sys_privs where grantee=’GAME’;
回收站
查询回收站功能是否开启
show parameter recyclebin;
以SYSDBA身份清楚所有回收站表
purge dba_recyclebin;
查询回收站里表
show recyclebin;
清空回收站
purge recyclebin;
删除回收站中的某一个表
purge table table_name; —table_name是未删除之前的名字,可以通过查看回收站查出
表
查看用户下所有的表
select * from user_tables;
查看名称包含log字符的表
select object_name,object_id from user_objects
where instr(object_name,’LOG’)>0;
查看某表的创建时间
select object_name,created from user_objects where object_name=upper(‘&table_name’);
查看某表的大小
select sum(bytes)/(1024*1024) as “size(M)” from user_segments
where segment_name=upper(‘&table_name’);
查看放在ORACLE的内存区里的表
select table_name,cache from user_tables where instr(cache,’Y’)>0;
索引
查看索引个数和类别
SQL>select index_name,index_type,table_name from user_indexes order by table_name;
查看索引被索引的字段
SQL>select * from user_ind_columns where index_name=upper(‘&index_name’);
查看索引的大小
SQL>select sum(bytes)/(1024*1024) as “size(M)” from user_segments
where segment_name=upper(‘&index_name’);
序列号
查看序列号,last_number是当前值
SQL>select * from user_sequences;
视图
查看视图的名称
SQL>select view_name from user_views;
查看创建视图的select语句
SQL>set view_name,text_length from user_views;
SQL>set long 2000; 说明:可以根据视图的text_length值设定set long 的大小
SQL>select text from user_views where view_name=upper(‘&view_name’);
同义词
查看同义词的名称
SQL>select * from user_synonyms;
约束条件
查看某表的约束条件
SQL>select constraint_name, constraint_type,search_condition, r_constraint_name
from user_constraints where table_name = upper(‘&table_name’);
SQL>select c.constraint_name,c.constraint_type,cc.column_name
from user_constraints c,user_cons_columns cc
where c.owner = upper(‘&table_owner’) and c.table_name = upper(‘&table_name’)
and c.owner = cc.owner and c.constraint_name = cc.constraint_name
order by cc.position;
存储函数和过程
查看函数和过程的状态
SQL>select object_name,status from user_objects where object_type=’FUNCTION’;
SQL>select object_name,status from user_objects where object_type=’PROCEDURE’;
查看函数和过程的源代码
SQL>select text from all_source where owner=user and name=upper(‘&plsql_name’);
原数据
查询事务状态
(包括函数,存储过程,视图等)
select object_name,status from user_objects where object_type=’FUNCTION’;
select object_name,status from user_objects where object_type=’PROCEDURE’;
select object_name,status from user_objects where object_type=’VIEW’;
查询某一存储过程包的源代码 :
select text from all_source a where a.name=’PROC_TEST’; PROC_TEST—存储过程包的名字
查询视图的源码
select text from dba_views where view_name=’ALL_ALL_TABLES’; ALL_ALL_TABLES—-视图的名字
查看表空间的利用率
SELECT total.tablespace_name,
Round(total.MB, 2) AS Total_MB,
Round(total.MB - free.MB, 2) AS Used_MB,
Round(( 1- free.MB / total.MB ) *100, 2)
||'%'AS Used_Pct
FROM (SELECT tablespace_name,
Sum(bytes) /1024/1024AS MB
FROM dba_free_space
GROUPBY tablespace_name) free,
(SELECT tablespace_name,
Sum(bytes) /1024/1024AS MB
FROM dba_data_files
GROUPBY tablespace_name) total
WHERE free.tablespace_name = total.tablespace_name;
表空间碎片整理
alter tablespace users coalesce;