在模板类中声明一个模板成员函数,定义方式:
.h文件
template <typename T, std::size_t N>
struct MsgOperaTrait : MsgOperaBase
{
enum {MSGID = N};
template<class K>
void NotifyCardOperFunc(K* pCardOper, LONG tokenExcept, int nNtfMsg = 0);
};
.cpp文件
template<class T, std::size_t N>
template<class K>
void MsgOperaTrait<T, N>::NotifyCardOperFunc(K* pCardOper, LONG tokenExcept, int nNtfMsg)
{
}
在上面组合中如果需要对外提过一个接口,内部通过结构体区分调用不同的实现:
.h文件
//初等模板
#define MSG_OPERTRAIT_NOTIFY_CARD_OPER_BASE() \
template<class M, class Enable = void>\
struct NotifyCardOper\
{\
void operator()(M* pCardOper, LONG tokenExcept, CGameTable* pTable, CGameServer* pMainServer, int nNtfMsg = 0){}\
};
//部分特化模板
#define MSG_OPERTRAIT_NOTIFY_CARD_OPER(class_name) \
template<class M> \
struct NotifyCardOper<M, typename std::enable_if<std::is_same<M, class_name>::value>::type>\
{\
void operator()(M* pCardOper, LONG tokenExcept, CGameTable* pTable, CGameServer* pMainServer, int nNtfMsg = 0); \
};
template <typename T, std::size_t N>
struct MsgOperaTrait : MsgOperaBase
{
enum {MSGID = N};
template<class K>
void NotifyCardOperFunc(K* pCardOper, LONG tokenExcept, int nNtfMsg = 0);
注册notifyCard*通知事件
MSG_OPERTRAIT_NOTIFY_CARD_OPER_BASE()
MSG_OPERTRAIT_NOTIFY_CARD_OPER(CATCH_CARD);
MSG_OPERTRAIT_NOTIFY_CARD_OPER(CHI_CARD);
MSG_OPERTRAIT_NOTIFY_CARD_OPER(CHANGE_CARD);
};
.cpp文件
#define MSG_OPERA_NTF_CLASS_FUNC_DECLARE(class_name)\
template<class T, std::size_t N>\
template<class M>\
void MsgOperaTrait<T, N>::NotifyCardOper<M, typename std::enable_if<std::is_same<M, class_name>::value>::type>::operator()(M* pCardOper, LONG tokenExcept, CGameTable* pTable, CGameServer* pMainServer, int nNtfMsg)\
template<class T, std::size_t N>
template<class K>
void MsgOperaTrait<T, N>::NotifyCardOperFunc(K* pCardOper, LONG tokenExcept, int nNtfMsg) //对外提供这个接口
{
NotifyCardOper<K> oper;
oper(pCardOper, tokenExcept, pTable, pMainServer, nNtfMsg);
}
MSG_OPERA_NTF_CLASS_FUNC_DECLARE(CATCH_CARD)
{
std::cout<<"caught"<<std::endl;
}
MSG_OPERA_NTF_CLASS_FUNC_DECLARE(CHI_CARD)
{
std::cout<<"chi"<<std::endl;
}
MSG_OPERA_NTF_CLASS_FUNC_DECLARE(CHANGE_CARD)
{
std::cout<<"change"<<std::endl;
}
调用:
CATCH_CARD caughtCard;
NotifyCardOperFunc(&caughtCard, 0); //输出 caught
CHI_CARD chiCard;
NotifyCardOperFunc(&chiCard, 0); //输出 chi
CHANGE_CARD changeCard;
NotifyCardOperFunc(&changeCard, 0); //输出 change
参考std::enable_if提供的实例
#include <type_traits>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
namespace detail { struct inplace_t{}; }
void* operator new(std::size_t, void* p, detail::inplace_t){
return p;
}
// #1 ,通过返回类型使用
template<class T, class... Args>
typename std::enable_if<std::is_trivially_constructible<T, Args&&...>::value>::type
construct(T* t, Args&&... args)
{
std::cout << "constructing trivially constructible T\n";
}
// #2
template<class T, class... Args>
std::enable_if_t<!std::is_trivially_constructible<T, Args&&...>::value> // 使用帮助类型
construct(T* t, Args&&... args)
{
std::cout << "constructing non-trivially constructible T\n";
new(t, detail::inplace_t{}) T(args...);
}
// #3 ,通过形参启用
template<class T>
void destroy(T* t,
typename std::enable_if<std::is_trivially_destructible<T>::value>::type* = 0)
{
std::cout << "destroying trivially destructible T\n";
}
// #4 ,通过模板形参启用
template<class T, typename std::enable_if<!std::is_trivially_destructible<T>::value && (std::is_class<T>::value || std::is_union<T>::value), int>::type = 0>
void destroy(T* t)
{
std::cout << "destroying non-trivially destructible T\n";
t->~T();
}
// #5 ,通过模板形参启用
template<class T,
typename = std::enable_if_t<std::is_array<T>::value> >
void destroy(T* t) // 注意,不修改函数签名
{
for (std::size_t i = 0; i < std::extent<T>::value; ++i) {
destroy((*t)[i]);
}
}
/*
template<class T,
typename = std::enable_if_t<std::is_void<T>::value> >
void destroy(T* t){} // 错误:与 #5 拥有相同签名
*/
// A 的部分特化通过模板形参启用
template<class T, class Enable = void>
class A {}; // 初等模板
template<class T>
class A<T, typename std::enable_if<std::is_floating_point<T>::value>::type> {
}; // 为浮点类型特化
//template void func<X>(); // #2
int main()
{
std::aligned_union_t<0, int, std::string> u;
construct(reinterpret_cast<int*>(&u));
destroy(reinterpret_cast<int*>(&u));
construct(reinterpret_cast<std::string*>(&u), "Hello");
destroy(reinterpret_cast<std::string*>(&u));
A<int> a1; // OK ,匹配初等模板
A<double> a2; // OK ,匹配部分特化
system("pause");
return 0;
//func<X, X::value1>();
}