MySQL8 重新理解一下

理解一下MySQL8

之前一直使用MySQL5，最近又遇到新的项目，尝试一下升级到8，看看山上的风景。

新特性

MySQL直接从5.7跳跃发布了8.0，官方说改变很大，版本号都不需要递进了。

1. 增强的NoSQL这里是作为文档数据库（类似MongoDB），使用前需要打开X插件（提供X协议支持，配套客户端为MySQL Shell及相关连接器）；
2. 更好的索引机制，新增了隐藏索引和降序索引 ；
3. 加密机制默认为sha2，原来是sha1，因为谷歌破解了sha1后才改了 ；
4. 增强InnoDB，包括自增、索引、死锁、共享锁、加密 等，还支持原子数据定义语言（Atomic DDL）；
5. 增加了支持事务数据字典¹ ；
6. 修改默认字符集为utf8mb4。

存储引擎

Engine	Support	Comment	Transactions	XA	Savepoints
InnoDB	DEFAULT	Supports transactions, row-level locking, and foreign keys	YES	YES	YES
MRG_MYISAM	YES	Collection of identical MyISAM tables	NO	NO	NO
MEMORY	YES	Hash based, stored in memory, useful for temporary tables	NO	NO	NO
BLACKHOLE	YES	/dev/null storage engine (anything you write to it disappears)	NO	NO	NO
MyISAM	YES	MyISAM storage engine	NO	NO	NO
CSV	YES	CSV storage engine	NO	NO	NO
ARCHIVE	YES	Archive storage engine	NO	NO	NO
PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA	YES	Performance Schema	NO	NO	NO
FEDERATED	NO	Federated MySQL storage engine	NULL	NULL	NULL

对比一下隔壁的MariaDB的存储引擎：

Engine	Support	Comment	Transactions	XA	Savepoints
MRG_MyISAM	YES	Collection of identical MyISAM tables	NO	NO	NO
CSV	YES	Stores tables as CSV files	NO	NO	NO
MEMORY	YES	Hash based, stored in memory, useful for temporary tables	NO	NO	NO
MyISAM	YES	Non-transactional engine with good performance and small data footprint	NO	NO	NO
SEQUENCE	YES	Generated tables filled with sequential values	YES	NO	YES
Aria	YES	Crash-safe tables with MyISAM heritage	NO	NO	NO
PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA	YES	Performance Schema	NO	NO	NO
InnoDB	DEFAULT	Percona-XtraDB, Supports transactions, row-level locking, foreign keys and encryption for tables	YES	YES	YES

新版MySQL8比mariadb少了sequence，但是多了archive和Blackhole。

索引

待补充。。。

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1. DDL ↩︎