2014/6/19

对输入输出流的深入理解，以及文件处理。

//1.cpp

#include

#include

using namespace std;

typedef struct BOOK{ char book_id[5]; char book_name[11]; char author[7]; double price; }book;

int main()

{

book bk[10];

ofstream out("ST1.DAT");//文件输入流。输入数据到文本中 

int N;

cout << "请输入书本数:" << endl;

cin >> N;

cout << "请按序严格输入书号(6个字符) 书名（12个） 作者（8个） 单价（2位小数）" << endl;

for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)

{

cin >> bk[i].book_id >> bk[i].book_name >> bk[i].author >> bk[i].price;

}

for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)

{

//out << "书号   " << "书名   " << "作者" << "单价   " << endl;

out << bk[i].book_id << " " << bk[i].book_name << " " << bk[i].author << " " << bk[i].price;

}

out.close();

return 0;

}//输入完毕后 对书本数的多少是不知道的，只知道里面有哪些变量。

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//2.cpp

#include

#include //字符串处理 头文件

#include //文件处理  头文件

using namespace std;

typedef struct BOOK

{

char book_id[5]; char book_name[11]; char author[7]; double price;

};

int search(BOOK bk[], int n, char s[]);//设置搜索函数

int main()

{

int s = 1;

BOOK bk[10];

ifstream in("ST1.DAT");

while (!in.eof())//读取文件数据 当最后一个字符为0时结束读取

{

in >> bk[s].book_id >> bk[s].book_name >> bk[s].author >> bk[s].price;//打开文件输入到结构体中

s++;//计算有多少本书

}

in.close();//文件关闭

//for (int s = 0; s < i;s++)

// cout << bk[s].book_id << " " << bk[s].book_name << " " <<bk[s].author << " " << bk[s].price << endl;

cout << "价钱大于三十圆的书:" << endl;

for (int i = 0; i

{

if (bk[i].price>30)//价钱大于30元的判断

{

cout << bk[i].book_id << " " << bk[i].book_name << " " << bk[i].author << " " << bk[i].price << endl;

}

}

cout << "查找一本书：";

char book_find[5];

cin >> book_find;

int d;

d = search(bk, s, book_find);

if (d)

{

cout << bk[d].book_id << " " << bk[d].book_name << " " << bk[d].author << " " << bk[d].price << endl;

}

else

cout << "没有这本书!" << endl;

return 0;

}

int search(BOOK bk[], int n, char s[])

{

int i;

for (i = 0; i < n; i++)

{

if (strcmp(bk[i].book_id, s) == 0)//strcmp 两串相等，返回0 

return i;

}

return 0;

}