Array.prototype方法详解（上）

concat   方法:返回一个新数组，这个新数组是由两个或更多数组组合而成的。array1.concat([item1[,   item2[,   .   .   .   [,   itemN]]]])

var alpha = ['a', 'b', 'c'],
    numeric = [1, 2, 3];

var alphaNumeric = alpha.concat(numeric);

console.log(alphaNumeric); // Result: ['a', 'b', 'c', 1, 2, 3]

ever 方法:测试是否所有的数组中的元素通过提供实现的功能测试

function isBigEnough(element, index, array) {
  return element >= 10;
}
[12, 5, 8, 130, 44].every(isBigEnough);   // false
[12, 54, 18, 130, 44].every(isBigEnough); // true

filter 方法：返回能通过测试的元素

function isBigEnough(value) {
  return value >= 10;
}
var filtered = [12, 5, 8, 130, 44].filter(isBigEnough);
// filtered is [12, 130, 44]

forEach 方法：改变原数组，返回测试函数的结果

function logArrayElements(element, index, array) {
  console.log('a[' + index + '] = ' + element);
}

// Note elision, there is no member at 2 so it isn't visited
[2, 5, , 9].forEach(logArrayElements);
// logs:
// a[0] = 2
// a[1] = 5
// a[3] = 9

indexOf 方法：在数组中查找，找到就返回下标，否则返回-1

var array = [2, 5, 9];
array.indexOf(2);     // 0
array.indexOf(7);     // -1
array.indexOf(9, 2);  // 2
array.indexOf(2, -1); // -1
array.indexOf(2, -3); // 0

join 方法：连接数组转换为字符串

var a = ['Wind', 'Rain', 'Fire'];
var myVar1 = a.join();      // assigns 'Wind,Rain,Fire' to myVar1
var myVar2 = a.join(', ');  // assigns 'Wind, Rain, Fire' to myVar2
var myVar3 = a.join(' + '); // assigns 'Wind + Rain + Fire' to myVar3																								

lastIndexOf 方法：查找数组，返回与给定元素相同的最后一个元素的下标，否则返回-1

var array = [2, 5, 9, 2];
array.lastIndexOf(2);     // 3
array.lastIndexOf(7);     // -1
array.lastIndexOf(2, 3);  // 3
array.lastIndexOf(2, 2);  // 0
array.lastIndexOf(2, -2); // 0
array.lastIndexOf(2, -1); // 3

map 方法：创建在该数组的每个元素调用一个函数的结果提供了一个新数组

var numbers = [1, 4, 9];
var roots = numbers.map(Math.sqrt);
// roots is now [1, 2, 3], numbers is still [1, 4, 9]

var kvArray = [{key:1, value:10}, {key:2, value:20}, {key:3, value: 30}];
var reformattedArray = kvArray.map(function(obj){ 
   var rObj = {};
   rObj[obj.key] = obj.value;
   return rObj;
});
// reformattedArray is now [{1:10}, {2:20}, {3:30}], 
// kvArray is still [{key:1, value:10}, {key:2, value:20}, {key:3, value: 30}]