CompletionService的应用场景

如下场景：我们在一个线程池中提交了多个任务，多个任务的执行时长不一样，而且我们想按执行时间的长短(先拿到执行时间短的任务的结果，再拿执行时间长的任务的结果)来依次获取任务的返回结果。

那可以应用CompletionService来方便的处理这个场景。

示例代码如下：

package completionServiceDemo;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.concurrent.*;

public class Demo {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
        ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(5);
        CompletionService<Integer> completionService = new ExecutorCompletionService<>(executorService);
        completionService.submit(new MyCallable(10));
        completionService.submit(new MyCallable(20));
        completionService.submit(new MyCallable(5));
        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
            Integer integer = completionService.take().get();
            System.out.println(new Date() + ":" + integer);
        }
    }
}

package completionServiceDemo;

import java.util.concurrent.Callable;

public class MyCallable implements Callable<Integer> {

    Integer seconds;

    public MyCallable(int seconds) {
        this.seconds = seconds;
    }

    @Override
    public Integer call() throws Exception {
        Thread.sleep(seconds * 1000);
        return seconds;
    }
}

打印结果如下：

Thu Jul 29 23:26:55 CST 2021:5
Thu Jul 29 23:27:00 CST 2021:10
Thu Jul 29 23:27:10 CST 2021:20

原理：

CompletionService将各任务执行的结果放到一个BlockingQueue中(先执行完的先往里放)，再从队列往外取的时候(队列先进先出)就自然达到了按执行快慢获取结果的效果。