SpringBoot统一封装返回结果和异常情况

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-04 21:07:19 发布

hws1007101983

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-04 21:07:19 发布

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文章标签： java 开发语言

原文链接：https://www.cnblogs.com/sw-code/p/13956522.html

版权

1、创建code枚举

public enum ResultCode {

  /* 成功状态码 */
  SUCCESS(200, "成功"),
  /* 参数错误 */
  PARAM_IS_INVALID(1001, "参数无效"),
  PARAM_IS_BLANK(1002, "参数为空"),
  PARAM_TYPE_BIND_ERROR(1003, "参数类型错误"),
  PARAM_NOT_COMPLETE(1004, "参数缺失"),
  /* 用户错误 2001-2999*/
  USER_NOTLOGGED_IN(2001, "用户未登录"),
  USER_LOGIN_ERROR(2002, "账号不存在或密码错误"),
  SYSTEM_ERROR(10000, "系统异常，请稍后重试");

  private Integer code;
  private String message;

  private ResultCode(Integer code, String message) {
    this.code = code;
    this.message = message;
  }

  public Integer code() {
    return this.code;
  }
  public String message() {
    return this.message;
  }
}

2、创建返回结果实体

@Data
@ApiModel(value = "返回结果实体类", description = "结果实体类")
public class R implements Serializable {

  private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

  @ApiModelProperty(value = "返回码")
  private Integer code;

  @ApiModelProperty(value = "返回消息")
  private String message;

  @ApiModelProperty(value = "返回数据")
  private Object data;

  private R() {

  }

  public R(ResultCode resultCode, Object data) {
    this.code = resultCode.code();
    this.message = resultCode.message();
    this.data = data;
  }

  private void setResultCode(ResultCode resultCode) {
    this.code = resultCode.code();
    this.message = resultCode.message();
  }

  // 返回成功
  public static R success() {
    R result = new R();
    result.setResultCode(ResultCode.SUCCESS);
    return result;
  }
  // 返回成功
  public static R success(Object data) {
    R result = new R();
    result.setResultCode(ResultCode.SUCCESS);
    result.setData(data);
    return result;
  }

  // 返回失败
  public static R fail(Integer code, String message) {
    R result = new R();
    result.setCode(code);
    result.setMessage(message);
    return result;
  }
  // 返回失败
  public static R fail(ResultCode resultCode) {
    R result = new R();
    result.setResultCode(resultCode);
    return result;
  }
}

3、自定义一个注解

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target({ ElementType.TYPE, ElementType.METHOD})
@Documented
public @interface ResponseResult {

}

4、定义拦截器

@Component
public class ResponseResultInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
  //标记名称
  public static final String RESPONSE_RESULT_ANN = "RESPONSE-RESULT-ANN";

  @Override
  public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler)
    throws Exception {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    if (handler instanceof HandlerMethod) {
      final HandlerMethod handlerMethod = (HandlerMethod) handler;
      final Class<?> clazz = handlerMethod.getBeanType();
      final Method method = handlerMethod.getMethod();
      // 判断是否在类对象上添加了注解
      if (clazz.isAnnotationPresent(ResponseResult.class)) {
        // 设置此请求返回体，需要包装，往下传递，在ResponseBodyAdvice接口进行判断
        request.setAttribute(RESPONSE_RESULT_ANN, clazz.getAnnotation(ResponseResult.class));
      } else if (method.isAnnotationPresent(ResponseResult.class)) {
        request.setAttribute(RESPONSE_RESULT_ANN, method.getAnnotation(ResponseResult.class));
      }
    }
    return true;
  }
}

5、注册拦截器

@Configuration
public class WebAppConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {

    // SpringMVC 需要手动添加拦截器
    @Override
    public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
        ResponseResultInterceptor interceptor = new ResponseResultInterceptor();
        registry.addInterceptor(interceptor);
        WebMvcConfigurer.super.addInterceptors(registry);
    }
}

6、方法返回值拦截处理器

import org.springframework.web.method.HandlerMethod;

/**
 * 使用 @ControllerAdvice & ResponseBodyAdvice 
 * 拦截Controller方法默认返回参数，统一处理返回值/响应体
 */
@ControllerAdvice
public class ResponseResultHandler implements ResponseBodyAdvice<Object> {
   
   // 标记名称
   public static final String RESPONSE_RESULT_ANN = "RESPONSE-RESULT-ANN";

   
   // 判断是否要执行 beforeBodyWrite 方法，true为执行，false不执行，有注解标记的时候处理返回值
   @Override
   public boolean supports(MethodParameter arg0, Class<? extends HttpMessageConverter<?>> arg1) {
      ServletRequestAttributes sra = (ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();
      HttpServletRequest request = sra.getRequest();
      // 判断请求是否有包装标记
      ResponseResult responseResultAnn = (ResponseResult) request.getAttribute(RESPONSE_RESULT_ANN);
      return responseResultAnn == null ? false : true;
   }
   
   // 对返回值做包装处理
   @Override
   public Object beforeBodyWrite(Object body, MethodParameter arg1, MediaType arg2,
                          Class<? extends HttpMessageConverter<?>> arg3, ServerHttpRequest arg4, ServerHttpResponse arg5) {
      if (body instanceof R) {
         return (R) body;
      } else if (body instanceof String) {
          return body;
      }
      return R.success(body);
   }
}

test:

@RestController
@ResponseResult
public class TestController {

  @GetMapping("/test")
  public Map<String, Object> test() {
    HashMap<String, Object> data = new HashMap<>();
    data.put("info", "成功");
    return data;
  }
}

总结

1、创建code枚举和返回结果实体类

2、自定义一个注解@ResponseResult

3、定义拦截器，拦截请求，判断Controller上是否添加了@ResponseResult注解。如果添加了注解在request中添加注解标记，往下传递

4、添加@ControllerAdvice注解，实现ResponseBodyAdvice接口，并重写两个方法，通过判断request中是否有注解标记，如果有就往下执行，进一步包装。没有就直接返回，不需包装。

二、错误和异常进行进一步的封装

1、创建错误结果实体

/**
 * 异常结果包装类
 * @author hws
 *
 */
public class ErrorResult {

  private Integer code;

  private String message;

  private String exception;

  public Integer getCode() {
    return code;
  }

  public void setCode(Integer code) {
    this.code = code;
  }

  public String getMessage() {
    return message;
  }

  public void setMessage(String message) {
    this.message = message;
  }

  public String getException() {
    return exception;
  }

  public void setException(String exception) {
    this.exception = exception;
  }

  public static ErrorResult fail(ResultCode resultCode, Throwable e, String message) {
    ErrorResult errorResult = ErrorResult.fail(resultCode, e);
    errorResult.setMessage(message);
    return errorResult;
  }

  public static ErrorResult fail(ResultCode resultCode, Throwable e) {
    ErrorResult errorResult = new ErrorResult();
    errorResult.setCode(resultCode.code());
    errorResult.setMessage(resultCode.message());
    errorResult.setException(e.getClass().getName());
    return errorResult;
  }
  public static ErrorResult fail(Integer code, String message) {
    ErrorResult errorResult = new ErrorResult();
    errorResult.setCode(code);
    errorResult.setMessage(message);
    return errorResult;
  }	
}

2、自定义异常类

@Data
public class BizException extends RuntimeException {

  /**
     * 错误码
     */
  private Integer code;

  /**
     * 错误信息
     */
  private String message;

  public BizException() {
    super();
  }

  public BizException(ResultCode resultCode) {
    super(resultCode.message());
    this.code = resultCode.code();
    this.message = resultCode.message();
  }

  public BizException(ResultCode resultCode, Throwable cause) {
    super(resultCode.message(), cause);
    this.code = resultCode.code();
    this.message = resultCode.message();
  }

  public BizException(String message) {
    super(message);
    this.code = -1;
    this.message = message;
  }

  public BizException(Integer code, String message) {
    super(message);
    this.code = code;
    this.message = message;
  }

  public BizException(Integer code, String message, Throwable cause) {
    super(message, cause);
    this.code = code;
    this.message = message;
  }

  @Override
  public synchronized Throwable fillInStackTrace() {
    return this;
  }
}

3、全局异常处理类

/**
 * 全局异常处理类
 * @RestControllerAdvice(@ControllerAdvice)，拦截异常并统一处理
 * @author hws
 *
 */
@Slf4j
@RestControllerAdvice
public class GlobalExceptionHandler {

  /**
	 * 处理自定义的业务异常
	 * @param e	异常对象
	 * @param request	request
	 * @return	错误结果
	 */
  @ExceptionHandler(BizException.class)
  public ErrorResult bizExceptionHandler(BizException e, HttpServletRequest request) {
    log.error("发生业务异常！原因是: {}", e.getMessage());
    return ErrorResult.fail(e.getCode(), e.getMessage());
  }

  // 拦截抛出的异常，@ResponseStatus：用来改变响应状态码
  @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR)
  @ExceptionHandler(Throwable.class)
  public ErrorResult handlerThrowable(Throwable e, HttpServletRequest request) {
    log.error("发生未知异常！原因是: ", e);
    ErrorResult error = ErrorResult.fail(ResultCode.SYSTEM_ERROR, e);
    return error;
  }

  // 参数校验异常
  @ExceptionHandler(BindException.class)
  public ErrorResult handleBindExcpetion(BindException e, HttpServletRequest request) {
    log.error("发生参数校验异常！原因是：",e);
    ErrorResult error = ErrorResult.fail(ResultCode.PARAM_IS_INVALID, e, e.getAllErrors().get(0).getDefaultMessage());
    return error;
  }

  @ExceptionHandler(MethodArgumentNotValidException.class)
  public ErrorResult handleMethodArgumentNotValidException(MethodArgumentNotValidException e, HttpServletRequest request) {
    log.error("发生参数校验异常！原因是：",e);
    ErrorResult error = ErrorResult.fail(ResultCode.PARAM_IS_INVALID,e,e.getBindingResult().getAllErrors().get(0).getDefaultMessage());
    return error;
  }	
}

4、修改方法返回值拦截处理器

/**
 * 使用 @ControllerAdvice和 ResponseBodyAdvice 
 * 拦截Controller方法默认返回参数，统一处理返回值/响应体
 */
@ControllerAdvice
public class ResponseResultHandler implements ResponseBodyAdvice<Object> {

  // 标记名称
  public static final String RESPONSE_RESULT_ANN = "RESPONSE-RESULT-ANN";


  // 判断是否要执行 beforeBodyWrite 方法，true为执行，false不执行，有注解标记的时候处理返回值
  @Override
  public boolean supports(MethodParameter arg0, Class<? extends HttpMessageConverter<?>> arg1) {
    ServletRequestAttributes sra = (ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();
    HttpServletRequest request = sra.getRequest();
    // 判断请求是否有包装标记
    ResponseResult responseResultAnn = (ResponseResult) request.getAttribute(RESPONSE_RESULT_ANN);
    return responseResultAnn == null ? false : true;
  }


  // 对返回值做包装处理，如果属于异常结果，则需要再包装
  @Override
  public Object beforeBodyWrite(Object body, MethodParameter arg1, MediaType arg2,
                                Class<? extends HttpMessageConverter<?>> arg3, ServerHttpRequest arg4, ServerHttpResponse arg5) {
    if (body instanceof ErrorResult) {
      ErrorResult error = (ErrorResult) body;
      return R.fail(error.getCode(), error.getMessage());
    } else if (body instanceof R) {
      return (R) body;
    } else if  (body instanceof String) {
      return body;
    }
    return R.success(body);
  }
}

测试：

@GetMapping("/fail")
public Integer error() {
  int res = 0; // 查询结果数
  if( res == 0 ) {
    throw new BizException("没有数据");
  }
  return res;
}

hws1007101983

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SpringBoot统一封装返回结果和异常情况

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