adb常用命令集和原理介绍

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-04 11:48:13 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-05-04 11:48:13 发布

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分类专栏：自动化测试文章标签： adb 安卓

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adb介绍

adb简介
adb原理
adb常用指令集

adb简介

adb译为Android设备的桥梁，可以用于快速更新设备中代码，应用或者Android系统升级，在设备上运行shell命令，管理设备或手机模拟器上的端口。

adb原理

Android设备adb授权的原理

在我们的PC机（以windows为例）上启动了adb.exe进程时，adb会在本地生成一对密钥adbkey(私钥)与adbkey.pub(公钥);
根据弹框提示“The computer’s RSA key fingerprint is:xxxx”，可以看出是一对RSA算法的密钥，其中公钥是用来发送给手机的；
当执行“adb shell”时，adb.exe会将当前PC的公钥(或者公钥的hash值)(fingerprint)发送给android设备；这时，如果android上已经保存了这台PC的公钥，则匹配出对应的公钥进行认证，建立adb连接；如果android上没有保存这台PC的公钥，则会弹出提示框，让你确认是否允许这台机器进行adb连接，当你点击了允许授权之后，android就会保存了这台PC的adbkey.pub(公钥)；

这里写图片描述
adb分为三个部分：PC上的adb client，adb server和手机（也可能是PC上的模拟器）上的adb daemon。
这是一个多连接的设计。即一台PC可以连接多个手机，一台手机也可以连接多个PC。

ADB Client：

ADB Client：注意这里的Client和Daemon不是一一对应的，Client比如Eclipse DDMS，Windows终端命令行，豌豆荚等。Client本质上就是Shell，用来发送命令给Server。发送命令时，首先检测PC上有没有启动Server，如果没有Server，则自动启动一个Server，然后将命令发送到Server，并不关心命令发送过去以后会怎样。

ADB Server：

ADB Server：运行在PC上的后台程序，目的是检测USB接口何时连接或者移除设备。ADB
Server维护着一个“已连接的设备的链表”，并且为每一个设备标记了一个状态：offline，bootloader，recovery或者online；Server一直在做一些循环和等待，以协调client和Server还有daemon之间的通信。offline说明Server发现了一个设备，但是不能成功连接到Daemon—-这样最好重启一下手机。

ADB Daemon：

ADB Daemon：运行在手机上的一个进程，作用是连接到adb server（通过usb或tcp-ip），并且为client提供一些服务

Adb的运行机制和架构

这里写图片描述

运行的流程可见之下：

1：PC端adb server发送cmd到小机端
2：adbd(adb daemon)的output thread从/dev/android_usb读取到cmd并解析
（adbd和内核usb driver通过/dev/android_usb进行数据交互）
3：output_thread将解析的cmd写到socketpair的A端
4：fdevent_loop通过select socketpair的B端，得知A端有数据写入，B端可读，然后读取cmd，进行处理（handle_packet）
5：处理完后将结果写到socketpair的B端
6：Input_thread阻塞式读取socketpair的A端
7：Input_thread读取到数据后，写入/dev/android_usb
8：由usb driver将response发给pc端
output_thread负责读取/dev/android_usb，Input_thread负责写入

adb客户端、服务端、守护进程之间的沟通：
1、client调用某个adb命令。
2、adb进程fork出一个子进程作为server。
3、server查找当前连接的emulator/device。
4、server接收到来自client请求。
5、server处理请求，将本地处理不了的请求发给emulator/device。
6、位于emulator/device的adbd拿到请求后交给对应的java虚拟机进程。
7、adbd将结果发回给server。
8、server讲结果发回给client。

adb常用指令集

C:\Users\admin>adb help
Android Debug Bridge version 1.0.32

 -a                            - directs adb to listen on all interfaces for a connection
 -d                            - directs command to the only connected USB device
                                 returns an error if more than one USB device is present.
 -e                            - directs command to the only running emulator.
                                 returns an error if more than one emulator is running.
 -s <specific device>          - directs command to the device or emulator with the given
                                 serial number or qualifier. Overrides ANDROID_SERIAL
                                 environment variable.
 -p <product name or path>     - simple product name like 'sooner', or
                                 a relative/absolute path to a product
                                 out directory like 'out/target/product/sooner'.
                                 If -p is not specified, the ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT
                                 environment variable is used, which must
                                 be an absolute path.
 -H                            - Name of adb server host (default: localhost)
 -P                            - Port of adb server (default: 5037)
 devices [-l]                  - list all connected devices
                                 ('-l' will also list device qualifiers)
 connect <host>[:<port>]       - connect to a device via TCP/IP
                                 Port 5555 is used by default if no port number is specified.
 disconnect [<host>[:<port>]]  - disconnect from a TCP/IP device.
                                 Port 5555 is used by default if no port number is specified.
                                 Using this command with no additional arguments
                                 will disconnect from all connected TCP/IP devices.

device commands:
  adb push [-p] <local> <remote>
                               - copy file/dir to device
                                 ('-p' to display the transfer progress)
  adb pull [-p] [-a] <remote> [<local>]
                               - copy file/dir from device
                                 ('-p' to display the transfer progress)
                                 ('-a' means copy timestamp and mode)
  adb sync [ <directory> ]     - copy host->device only if changed
                                 (-l means list but don't copy)
                                 (see 'adb help all')
  adb shell                    - run remote shell interactively
  adb shell <command>          - run remote shell command
  adb emu <command>            - run emulator console command
  adb logcat [ <filter-spec> ] - View device log
  adb forward --list           - list all forward socket connections.
                                 the format is a list of lines with the following format:
                                    <serial> " " <local> " " <remote> "\n"
  adb forward <local> <remote> - forward socket connections
                                 forward specs are one of:
                                   tcp:<port>
                                   localabstract:<unix domain socket name>
                                   localreserved:<unix domain socket name>
                                   localfilesystem:<unix domain socket name>
                                   dev:<character device name>
                                   jdwp:<process pid> (remote only)
  adb forward --no-rebind <local> <remote>
                               - same as 'adb forward <local> <remote>' but fails
                                 if <local> is already forwarded
  adb forward --remove <local> - remove a specific forward socket connection
  adb forward --remove-all     - remove all forward socket connections
  adb reverse --list           - list all reverse socket connections from device
  adb reverse <remote> <local> - reverse socket connections
                                 reverse specs are one of:
                                   tcp:<port>
                                   localabstract:<unix domain socket name>
                                   localreserved:<unix domain socket name>
                                   localfilesystem:<unix domain socket name>
  adb reverse --norebind <remote> <local>
                               - same as 'adb reverse <remote> <local>' but fails
                                 if <remote> is already reversed.
  adb reverse --remove <remote>
                               - remove a specific reversed socket connection
  adb reverse --remove-all     - remove all reversed socket connections from device
  adb jdwp                     - list PIDs of processes hosting a JDWP transport
  adb install [-lrtsd] <file>
  adb install-multiple [-lrtsdp] <file...>
                               - push this package file to the device and install it
                                 (-l: forward lock application)
                                 (-r: replace existing application)
                                 (-t: allow test packages)
                                 (-s: install application on sdcard)
                                 (-d: allow version code downgrade)
                                 (-p: partial application install)
  adb uninstall [-k] <package> - remove this app package from the device
                                 ('-k' means keep the data and cache directories)
  adb bugreport                - return all information from the device
                                 that should be included in a bug report.

  adb backup [-f <file>] [-apk|-noapk] [-obb|-noobb] [-shared|-noshared] [-all] [-system|-nosystem] [<packages...>]
                               - write an archive of the device's data to <file>.
                                 If no -f option is supplied then the data is written
                                 to "backup.ab" in the current directory.
                                 (-apk|-noapk enable/disable backup of the .apks themselves
                                    in the archive; the default is noapk.)
                                 (-obb|-noobb enable/disable backup of any installed apk expansion
                                    (aka .obb) files associated with each application; the default
                                    is noobb.)
                                 (-shared|-noshared enable/disable backup of the device's
                                    shared storage / SD card contents; the default is noshared.)
                                 (-all means to back up all installed applications)
                                 (-system|-nosystem toggles whether -all automatically includes
                                    system applications; the default is to include system apps)
                                 (<packages...> is the list of applications to be backed up.  If
                                    the -all or -shared flags are passed, then the package
                                    list is optional.  Applications explicitly given on the
                                    command line will be included even if -nosystem would
                                    ordinarily cause them to be omitted.)

  adb restore <file>           - restore device contents from the <file> backup archive

  adb disable-verity           - disable dm-verity checking on USERDEBUG builds
  adb keygen <file>            - generate adb public/private key. The private key is stored in <file>,
                                 and the public key is stored in <file>.pub. Any existing files
                                 are overwritten.
  adb help                     - show this help message
  adb version                  - show version num

scripting:
  adb wait-for-device          - block until device is online
  adb start-server             - ensure that there is a server running
  adb kill-server              - kill the server if it is running
  adb get-state                - prints: offline | bootloader | device
  adb get-serialno             - prints: <serial-number>
  adb get-devpath              - prints: <device-path>
  adb status-window            - continuously print device status for a specified device
  adb remount                  - remounts the /system and /vendor (if present) partitions on the device read-write
  adb reboot [bootloader|recovery] - reboots the device, optionally into the bootloader or recovery program
  adb reboot-bootloader        - reboots the device into the bootloader
  adb root                     - restarts the adbd daemon with root permissions
  adb usb                      - restarts the adbd daemon listening on USB
  adb tcpip <port>             - restarts the adbd daemon listening on TCP on the specified port
networking:
  adb ppp <tty> [parameters]   - Run PPP over USB.
 Note: you should not automatically start a PPP connection.
 <tty> refers to the tty for PPP stream. Eg. dev:/dev/omap_csmi_tty1
 [parameters] - Eg. defaultroute debug dump local notty usepeerdns

adb sync notes: adb sync [ <directory> ]
  <localdir> can be interpreted in several ways:

  - If <directory> is not specified, /system, /vendor (if present), and /data partitions will be updated.

  - If it is "system", "vendor" or "data", only the corresponding partition
    is updated.

environmental variables:
  ADB_TRACE                    - Print debug information. A comma separated list of the following values
                                 1 or all, adb, sockets, packets, rwx, usb, sync, sysdeps, transport, jdwp
  ANDROID_SERIAL               - The serial number to connect to. -s takes priority over this if given.
  ANDROID_LOG_TAGS             - When used with the logcat option, only these debug tags are printed.

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adb常用命令集和原理介绍

adb介绍adb简介adb原理adb常用指令集adb简介 adb译为Android设备的桥梁，可以用于快速更新设备中代码，应用或者Android系统升级，在设备上运行shell命令，管理设备或手机模拟器上的端口。adb原理Android设备adb授权的原理在我们的PC机（以windows为例）上启动了adb.exe进程时，adb会在本地生...
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