NSLayoutManager learning

Overview

NSLayoutManager maps Unicode character codes to glyphs(将通用符号绘制成各种各样的字形), sets the glyphs in a series of NSTextContainer objects, and displays them in a series of NSTextView objects. In addition to its core function of laying out text, a layout manager object coordinates its text view objects, provides services to those text views to support NSRulerView instances for editing paragraph styles, and handles the layout and display of text attributes not inherent in glyphs (such as underline or strikethrough). You can create a subclass of NSLayoutManager to handle additional text attributes, whether inherent or not.

• glyphs 字形
• coordinates 调节配合

Text Antialiasing

NSLayoutManager provides the threshold for text antialiasing. It looks at the AppleAntiAliasingThreshold default value. If the font size is smaller than or equal to this threshold size, the text is rendered aliased by NSLayoutManager. In macOS, you can change the threshold value from the Appearance pane of System Preferences.

• threshold 入口
• antialiazing 反锯齿反混淆

Thread Safety of NSLayoutManager

Generally speaking, a given layout manager (and associated objects) should not be used in more than one block, operation, or thread at a time. Most layout managers are used on the main thread, since it is the main thread on which their text views are displayed, and since background layout occurs on the main thread.

If you want to use a layout manager on a background thread, first make sure that text views associated with that layout manager (if any) are not displayed while the layout manager is being used on the background thread, and, second, turn off background layout for that layout manager while it is being used on the background thread. The most effective way to ensure that no text view is displayed, without knowing deep implementation, is just not to connect a text view to the layout manager.

• 不关联text view与layout manager就能将layout放到背景线程

Noncontiguous Layout

Noncontiguous layout is an optional layout manager behavior. Previously, both glyph generation and layout were always performed, in order, from the beginning to the end of the document. When noncontiguous layout is turned on, however, the layout manager gains the option of performing glyph generation or layout for one portion of the document without having done so for previous sections. This can provide significant performance improvements for large documents.

• noncontiguous非连续的 layout是一个可选项，关闭这个会有部分性能改进。

Noncontiguous layout is not turned on automatically because direct clients of NSLayoutManager typically have relied on the previous behavior—for example, by forcing layout for a given glyph range, and then assuming that previous glyphs would therefore be laid out. Clients who use NSLayoutManager only indirectly—for example, those who use NSTextView without directly calling the underlying layout manager—can usually turn on noncontiguous layout without difficulty. Clients using NSLayoutManager directly need to examine their usage before turning on noncontiguous layout.

Enable noncontiguous layout using the allowsNonContiguousLayout property. In addition, see the other methods in Causing Glyph Generation and Layout, many of which enable you to ensure that glyph generation and layout are performed for specified portions of the text. The behavior of a number of other layout manager methods is affected by the state of noncontiguous layout, as noted in the discussion sections of those method descriptions.

• 这个属性设置YES，能解决userect计算反常的问题.
• 如果这个属性设置为NO，便于处理文本里面有/n的

@property (NS_NONATOMIC_IOSONLY) CGFloat hyphenationFactor;

// 0.0 - 1.0. Whenever (width of the real contents of the line) / (the line fragment width) is below this value, hyphenation will be attempted when laying out the line. By default, the value is 0.0, meaning hyphenation is off. A value of 1.0 causes hyphenation to be attempted always. Note that hyphenation will slow down text layout and increase memory usage, so it should be used sparingly. Maybe overridden on a per-paragraph basis by the NSParagraphStyle’s hyphenationFactor.

• hyphenation 用连字符号链接，断字[计]
• sparingly 节俭地，保守地，保守地
• 这个参数增加内存，要谨慎使用

@property BOOL limitsLayoutForSuspiciousContents API_AVAILABLE(macos(10.14), ios(12.0), watchos(5.0), tvos(12.0));

// When YES, enables internal security analysis for malicious inputs and activates defensive behaviors. By enabling this functionality, it’s possible certain text such as a very long paragraph might result in unexpected layout. NO by default.

• suspicious 可疑的
• malicious 恶意的