android 串口通信

FT311D接口芯片为Android手机或平板电脑提供了USB转外部UART、GPIO、PWM、I2C、SPI硬件接口功能。
因为用的是这种串口，也就得用他对应的类

FT311UARTInterface.java 接口类 直接用

//User must modify the below package with their package name
package com.example.chuankoudemo;

import java.io.FileDescriptor;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

import Database.Global;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.PendingIntent;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.content.SharedPreferences;
import android.hardware.usb.UsbAccessory;
import android.hardware.usb.UsbManager;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.ParcelFileDescriptor;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.Toast;

/****************************** FT311 GPIO interface class ******************************************/
public abstract class FT311UARTInterface extends Activity {

    private static final String ACTION_USB_PERMISSION = "com.UARTTest.USB_PERMISSION";
    public UsbManager usbmanager;
    public UsbAccessory usbaccessory;
    public PendingIntent mPermissionIntent;
    public ParcelFileDescriptor filedescriptor = null;
    public FileInputStream inputstream = null;
    public FileOutputStream outputstream = null;
    public boolean mPermissionRequestPending = false;
    public read_thread readThread;

    private byte[] writeusbdata;
    //public byte[] readBuffer; /* circular buffer */
    private byte status;
    //final int maxnumbytes = 1024;
    final int maxnumLimit=256;
    public boolean datareceived = false;
    public boolean READ_ENABLE = false;
    public boolean accessory_attached = false;

    public static String ManufacturerString = "mManufacturer=FTDI";
    public static String ModelString1 = "mModel=FTDIUARTDemo";
    public static String ModelString2 = "mModel=Android Accessory FT312D";
    public static String VersionString = "mVersion=1.0";

    public SharedPreferences intsharePrefSettings;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        Global.context = this;
        intsharePrefSettings = null;// sharePrefSettings;
        writeusbdata = new byte[maxnumLimit];
        /* 128(make it 256, but looks like bytes should be enough) */
        //readBuffer = new byte[maxnumbytes];

        usbmanager = (UsbManager) this.getSystemService(Context.USB_SERVICE);
        // Log.d("LED", "usbmanager" +usbmanager);
        mPermissionIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(this, 0, new Intent(
                ACTION_USB_PERMISSION), 0);
        IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(ACTION_USB_PERMISSION);
        filter.addAction(UsbManager.ACTION_USB_ACCESSORY_DETACHED);
        this.registerReceiver(mUsbReceiver, filter);
    }

    public void SetConfig(int baud, byte dataBits, byte stopBits, byte parity,
            byte flowControl) {
        //配置信息写到前8个byte
        /* prepare the baud rate buffer */
        writeusbdata[0] = (byte) baud;
        writeusbdata[1] = (byte) (baud >> 8);
        writeusbdata[2] = (byte) (baud >> 16);
        writeusbdata[3] = (byte) (baud >> 24);

        /* data bits */
        writeusbdata[4] = dataBits;
        /* stop bits */
        writeusbdata[5] = stopBits;
        /* parity */
        writeusbdata[6] = parity;
        /* flow control */
        writeusbdata[7] = flowControl;

        /* send the UART configuration packet */
        SendPacket((int) 8);
    }

    /* write data */
    public byte SendData(int numBytes, byte[] buffer) {
        status = 0x00; /* success by default */
        /*
         * if num bytes are more than maximum limit
         */
        if (numBytes < 1) {
            /* return the status with the error in the command */
            return status;
        }

        /* check for maximum limit */
        if (numBytes > maxnumLimit) {
            numBytes = maxnumLimit;
        }

        /* prepare the packet to be sent */
        for (int count = 0; count < numBytes; count++) {
            writeusbdata[count] = buffer[count];
        }

        if (numBytes != 64) {
            SendPacket(numBytes);
        } else {
            byte temp = writeusbdata[63];
            SendPacket(63);
            writeusbdata[0] = temp;
            SendPacket(1);
        }

        return status;
    }

    /* method to send on USB */
    private void SendPacket(int numBytes) {
        try {
            if (outputstream != null) {
                outputstream.write(writeusbdata, 0, numBytes);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /* resume accessory */
    public int ResumeAccessory() {
        // Intent intent = getIntent();
        if (inputstream != null && outputstream != null) {
            return 1;
        }

        UsbAccessory[] accessories = usbmanager.getAccessoryList();
        if (accessories != null) {
            Toast.makeText(Global.context, "Accessory Attached",
                    Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        } else {
            // return 2 for accessory detached case
            accessory_attached = false;
            return 2;
        }

        UsbAccessory accessory = (accessories == null ? null : accessories[0]);
        if (accessory != null) {
            if (-1 == accessory.toString().indexOf(ManufacturerString)) {
                Toast.makeText(Global.context, "Manufacturer is not matched!",
                        Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                return 1;
            }

            if (-1 == accessory.toString().indexOf(ModelString1)
                    && -1 == accessory.toString().indexOf(ModelString2)) {
                Toast.makeText(Global.context, "Model is not matched!",
                        Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                return 1;
            }

            if (-1 == accessory.toString().indexOf(VersionString)) {
                Toast.makeText(Global.context, "Version is not matched!",
                        Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                return 1;
            }

            Toast.makeText(Global.context,
                    "Manufacturer, Model & Version are matched!",
                    Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            accessory_attached = true;

            if (usbmanager.hasPermission(accessory)) {
                OpenAccessory(accessory);
            } else {
                synchronized (mUsbReceiver) {
                    if (!mPermissionRequestPending) {
                        Toast.makeText(Global.context,
                                "Request USB Permission", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
                                .show();
                        usbmanager.requestPermission(accessory,
                                mPermissionIntent);
                        mPermissionRequestPending = true;
                    }
                }
            }
        } else {
        }

        return 0;
    }

    /* destroy accessory */
    public void DestroyAccessory(boolean bConfiged) {

        if (true == bConfiged) {
            READ_ENABLE = false; // set false condition for handler_thread to
                                    // exit waiting data loop
            writeusbdata[0] = 0; // send dummy data for instream.read going
            SendPacket(1);
        } else {
            SetConfig(9600, (byte) 1, (byte) 8, (byte) 0, (byte) 0); // send
                                                                        // default
                                                                        // setting
                                                                        // data
                                                                        // for
                                                                        // config
            try {
                Thread.sleep(10);
            } catch (Exception e) {
            }

            READ_ENABLE = false; // set false condition for handler_thread to
                                    // exit waiting data loop
            writeusbdata[0] = 0; // send dummy data for instream.read going
            SendPacket(1);
            if (true == accessory_attached) {
                saveDefaultPreference();
            }
        }

        try {
            Thread.sleep(10);
        } catch (Exception e) {
        }
        CloseAccessory();
    }

    /********************* helper routines *************************************************/

    public void OpenAccessory(UsbAccessory accessory) {
        filedescriptor = usbmanager.openAccessory(accessory);
        if (filedescriptor != null) {
            usbaccessory = accessory;

            FileDescriptor fd = filedescriptor.getFileDescriptor();

            inputstream = new FileInputStream(fd);
            outputstream = new FileOutputStream(fd);
            /* check if any of them are null */
            if (inputstream == null || outputstream == null) {
                return;
            }

            if (READ_ENABLE == false) {
                READ_ENABLE = true;
                readThread = new read_thread(inputstream);
                readThread.start();
            }
        }
    }

    private void CloseAccessory() {
        try {
            if (filedescriptor != null)
                filedescriptor.close();

        } catch (IOException e) {
        }

        try {
            if (inputstream != null)
                inputstream.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
        }

        try {
            if (outputstream != null)
                outputstream.close();

        } catch (IOException e) {
        }
        /* FIXME, add the notfication also to close the application */

        filedescriptor = null;
        inputstream = null;
        outputstream = null;

        System.exit(0);
    }

    protected void saveDetachPreference() {
        if (intsharePrefSettings != null) {
            intsharePrefSettings.edit().putString("configed", "FALSE").commit();
        }
    }

    protected void saveDefaultPreference() {
        if (intsharePrefSettings != null) {
            intsharePrefSettings.edit().putString("configed", "TRUE").commit();
            intsharePrefSettings.edit().putInt("baudRate", 9600).commit();
            intsharePrefSettings.edit().putInt("stopBit", 1).commit();
            intsharePrefSettings.edit().putInt("dataBit", 8).commit();
            intsharePrefSettings.edit().putInt("parity", 0).commit();
            intsharePrefSettings.edit().putInt("flowControl", 0).commit();
        }
    }

    /*********** USB broadcast receiver *******************************************/
    private final BroadcastReceiver mUsbReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
            String action = intent.getAction();
            if (ACTION_USB_PERMISSION.equals(action)) {
                synchronized (this) {
                    UsbAccessory accessory = (UsbAccessory) intent
                            .getParcelableExtra(UsbManager.EXTRA_ACCESSORY);
                    if (intent.getBooleanExtra(
                            UsbManager.EXTRA_PERMISSION_GRANTED, false)) {
                        Toast.makeText(Global.context, "Allow USB Permission",
                                Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                        OpenAccessory(accessory);
                    } else {
                        Toast.makeText(Global.context, "Deny USB Permission",
                                Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                        Log.d("LED", "permission denied for accessory "
                                + accessory);

                    }
                    mPermissionRequestPending = false;
                }
            } else if (UsbManager.ACTION_USB_ACCESSORY_DETACHED.equals(action)) {
                saveDetachPreference();
                DestroyAccessory(true);
            } else {
                Log.d("LED", "....");
            }
        }
    };

    /* usb input data handler */
    private class read_thread extends Thread {
        FileInputStream instream;

        read_thread(FileInputStream stream) {
            instream = stream;
        }

        @Override
        public void run() {
            super.run();
            while (READ_ENABLE == true && !isInterrupted()) {
                byte[] usb = new byte[1024];
                try {
                    if (instream == null) {
                        return;
                    }
                    int readcount = instream.read(usb);
                    if (readcount > 0) {
                        onDataReceived(usb, readcount);
                    }
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                    return;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    protected abstract void onDataReceived(final byte[] buffer, final int size);

}

用的时候 主类extends FT311UARTInterface一下

MainActivity.java

package com.example.chuankoudemo;

//import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
//import java.util.ArrayList;

import Database.Global;
import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.Toast;


public class MainActivity extends FT311UARTInterface implements OnClickListener{


    private long main_time = Global.threadPeriod;
    protected CharSequence sError;
    protected boolean reflag;
    protected EditText etReceive=null;
    private Button btSend=null;
    private EditText etSend=null;
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        // 初始化所有控件
        allinit();
        System.out.println("start");
        new Thread(new Homethread()).start();
    }


    private void allinit() {// 初始化监听以及控件定义
        etReceive=(EditText)findViewById(R.id.etReceive);
        etSend=(EditText)findViewById(R.id.etSend);
        btSend=(Button)findViewById(R.id.btSend);
        btSend.setOnClickListener(this);

    }

    @Override
    protected void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
        ResumeAccessory();
        SetConfig(115200, (byte) 8, (byte) 1, (byte) 0, (byte) 0);
    }
    @Override
    protected void onPause() {
        super.onPause();
    }
    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        DestroyAccessory(true);
        android.os.Process.killProcess(android.os.Process.myPid());
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {// end
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @Fields handler : 用于线程间通信
     */
    @SuppressLint("HandlerLeak")
    public Handler handler = new Handler() {
        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            byte[] usbdata = new byte[64];
            switch (msg.what) {
            case 1:// 回复
                Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), Global.sendCMD, 30).show();
                usbdata = Global.sendCMD.getBytes();
                int size = usbdata.length;
                SendData(size, usbdata);
                break;
            case 6:
                Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), sError, 30).show();
            default:
                break;
            }
            super.handleMessage(msg);
        }
    };


    class Homethread implements Runnable {
        long start = 0;
        long end = 0;
        String text = "";
        @Override
        public void run() {
            SetConfig(115200, (byte) 8, (byte) 1, (byte) 0, (byte) 0);
            while (!Thread.interrupted()) {
                start=System.currentTimeMillis();
                System.out.println("HomeThread");
                Message message = new Message();
                //处理接受命令

                end = System.currentTimeMillis();
                try {
                    if (end - start < main_time) {
                        Thread.sleep(main_time - (end - start));
                    }
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDataReceived(final byte[] buffer, final int size) {
        runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
            public void run() {

                String a = new String(buffer, 0, size);
                    //usbBuffer.append(a);
                    etReceive.append(a,0,size);                 
            }
        });
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        // TODO
        if(v.getId()==R.id.btSend){
            Global.sendCMD=etSend.getText().toString();
            Message message=new Message();
            message.what=1;
            this.handler.sendMessage(message);
        }
    }
}

main里面用到我在global里定义的几个参数
Global.java

public class Global {
    public static Context context = null;
    public static long threadPeriod = 1000;// 子线程周期
    public static String sendCMD = "";// 要发送的命令
    public static boolean sendSwitch = false;// 发送命令开关

    public static synchronized void setSendSwitch(boolean set) {
        Global.sendSwitch = set;
    }
    public static boolean canSend(){
        return sendSwitch;
    }
}

现在程序还不能直接用
还要在AndroidManifest申请权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" >
    </uses-permission>

再在对应的activity中添加

<intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.hardware.usb.action.USB_ACCESSORY_ATTACHED" />
            </intent-filter>

            <meta-data
                android:name="android.hardware.usb.action.USB_ACCESSORY_ATTACHED"
                android:resource="@xml/accessory_filter" >
            </meta-data>

accessory_filter.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<resources>    
    <usb-accessory model="FTDIUARTDemo" manufacturer="FTDI" version="1.0"/>
    <usb-accessory model="Android Accessory FT312D" manufacturer="FTDI" version="1.0"/>
</resources>