浏览器识别（包括呈现引擎，浏览器版本，操作系统，移动设备）

var client = function(){
//呈现引擎
var engine = {
    ie: 0,
    gecko: 0,
    webkit: 0,
    khtml: 0,
    opera: 0,
    //完整的版本号
    ver: null 
};
//浏览器
var browser = {
    //主要的浏览器
    ie: 0, 
    firefox: 0, 
    safari: 0, 
    konq: 0, 
    opera: 0,
    chrome: 0,
    //具体的版本号
    ver: null 
};
//操作系统
var system = {
    win: false,
    x11: false,
    //移动设备
    iphone: false, 
    ipod: false, 
    ipad: false,
    ios: false, 
    android: false, 
    nokiaN: false, 
    winMobile: false,

//游戏系统
    wii: false,
  ps: false
};
//检测呈现引擎和浏览器
var ua = navigator.userAgent; if (window.opera){
    engine.ver = browser.ver = window.opera.version();
    engine.opera = browser.opera = parseFloat(engine.ver);
} else if (/AppleWebKit\/(\S+)/.test(ua)){
    engine.ver = RegExp["$1"];
    engine.webkit = parseFloat(engine.ver);
    //确定是Chrome 还是Safari
    if (/Chrome\/(\S+)/.test(ua)){
         browser.ver = RegExp["$1"]; 
         browser.chrome = parseFloat(browser.ver);
    } else if (/Version\/(\S+)/.test(ua)){
        browser.ver = RegExp["$1"];
        browser.safari = parseFloat(browser.ver);
    } else {
    //大概地确定版本号
        var safariVersion = 1;
        if (engine.webkit < 100){
            safariVersion = 1;
        } else if (engine.webkit < 312){
            safariVersion = 1.2;
        } else if (engine.webkit < 412){
         safariVersion = 1.3;
        } else { 12
            safariVersion = 2;
        }
        browser.safari = browser.ver = safariVersion;
    ｝
} else if (/KHTML\/(\S+)/.test(ua) || /Konqueror\/([^;]+)/.test(ua)){ 
    engine.ver = browser.ver = RegExp["$1"];
    engine.khtml = browser.konq = parseFloat(engine.ver);
} else if (/rv:([^\)]+)\) Gecko\/\d{8}/.test(ua)){
    engine.ver = RegExp["$1"];
    engine.gecko = parseFloat(engine.ver);
    //确定是不是Firefox
    if (/Firefox\/(\S+)/.test(ua)){
        browser.ver = RegExp["$1"];
        browser.firefox = parseFloat(browser.ver);
    }
} else if (/MSIE ([^;]+)/.test(ua)){
    engine.ver = browser.ver = RegExp["$1"];
    engine.ie = browser.ie = parseFloat(engine.ver);
}
//检测浏览器
browser.ie = engine.ie; 
browser.opera = engine.opera;
//检测平台
var p = navigator.platform;
system.win = p.indexOf("Win") == 0;
system.mac = p.indexOf("Mac") == 0;
system.x11 = (p == "X11") || (p.indexOf("Linux") == 0);
//检测Windows操作系统
if (system.win){
    if (/Win(?:dows )?([^do]{2})\s?(\d+\.\d+)?/.test(ua)){
        if (RegExp["$1"] == "NT"){
            switch(RegExp["$2"]){
                case "5.0":
                    system.win = "2000";
                    break;
                case "5.1":
                    system.win = "XP";
                    break;
                case "6.0":
                    system.win = "Vista";
                    break;
                case "6.1":
                    system.win = "7";
                    break;
                default:
                    system.win = "NT";
                    break; 
                }
        } else if (RegExp["$1"] == "9x"){
            system.win = "ME";
        } else {
            system.win = RegExp["$1"];
        } 
    }
}

//移动设备
system.iphone = ua.indexOf("iPhone") > -1;
system.ipod = ua.indexOf("iPod") > -1;
system.ipad = ua.indexOf("iPad") > -1;
system.nokiaN = ua.indexOf("NokiaN") > -1;
//windows mobile
if (system.win == "CE"){
       system.winMobile = system.win;
} else if (system.win == "Ph"){
        if(/Windows Phone OS (\d+.\d+)/.test(ua)){;
              system.win = "Phone";
              system.winMobile = parseFloat(RegExp["$1"]);
        } 
}

//检测iOS设备
if (system.mac && ua.indexOf("Mobile") > -1){
       if (/CPU (?:iPhone )?OS (\d+_\d+)/.test(ua)){
              system.ios = parseFloat(RegExp.$1.replace("_", "."));
        } else {
            system.ios = 2;  //不能真正检测出来，只能猜测
        }
}
//检测Android设备
if (/Android (\d+\.\d+)/.test(ua)){
            system.android = parseFloat(RegExp.$1);
       }
//游戏系统 
system.wii = ua.indexOf("Wii") > -1; 
system.ps = /playstation/i.test(ua);
//返回这些对象
return {
            engine:     engine,
            browser:    browser,
            system:     system
}; 
}();

一般应优先考虑能力检测，其次是怪癖检测，最后才是浏览器识别（因为基于用户代理检测，对用户代理字符串有很强的依赖性，而用户代理字符串由于其历史原因具有欺骗性）

摘除自JavaScript高级程序设计第3版