BIO和NIO区别（附代码）

首先感谢鲁班学院免费贡献的JAVA精品学习课程，让我白嫖学到了东西！！！

我的学习代码：NIO-Demo: NIO,BIO学习

一.普通socket

1.先来了解一下socket编程，来个Client和Server

public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Socket socket;
        try {
            socket= new Socket("127.0.0.1",9001);
            Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
            String str = scanner.nextLine();
            socket.getOutputStream().write(str.getBytes());
            socket.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

public class Server {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(9001);
            while (true){
                Socket socket =  serverSocket.accept();//阻塞等待客户端连接
                System.out.println("有人连上了服务器");

                byte [] msg = new byte[1024];
                socket.getInputStream().read(msg);//阻塞等待读取客户端发来的消息
                System.out.println("收到消息："+new String(msg));
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

在上述代码中，Server端单线程（main线程）一直在等待用户加入连接，假设客户端1加入了连接没有发送消息，此时read()仍在等待，所以客户端1没发完消息客户端2就不能加入连接，问题来了-->一个服务器同时只能服务一个客户端

2.BIO模型

BIO针对上述问题做了优化，主线程循环accpet()，等待客户端加入连接，当连接后使用线程（线程池）去执行read(),每一个连接维护一个读取消息的线程，这样一个Server可以同时支持多个客户端连接，问题来了--->线程资源耗尽

BIO的Server代码

public class BIOServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(9001);
            while (true){
                Socket socket =  serverSocket.accept();
                System.out.println("有人连上了服务器");
                //如失灵请创建thread类实现此功能
                new Thread(()->{ 
                    while (true){
                        try {
                            byte [] msg = new byte[1024];
                            socket.getInputStream().read(msg);
                            System.out.println("收到消息："+new String(msg));
                        } catch (IOException e) {
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                    }
                });
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

代码效果：多个客户端可以同时连接服务器

3.NIO

针对BIO的缺点，NIO采用单线程实现，原理主线程循环读取selector中的key，有的话做key关联的行为类

public class NIOServer {

    private  ServerSocketChannel channel;
    private  Selector selector;

    public NIOServer(int port) {
        try {
            selector = Selector.open();
            channel = ServerSocketChannel.open();
            InetSocketAddress address = new InetSocketAddress(port);

            channel.socket().bind(address);
            channel.configureBlocking(false);
            SelectionKey key = channel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT);
            //自定义的accept处理器
            key.attach(new AcceptHandler(channel,selector));
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }


    public void start() {
        try {
            while (!Thread.interrupted()) {
                System.out.println("触发。。。。。。。");
                if (selector.select() == 0) {
                    continue;
                }
                Set<SelectionKey> selectionKeys = selector.selectedKeys();
                Iterator<SelectionKey> iterator = selectionKeys.iterator();
                while (iterator.hasNext()){
                    SelectionKey i = iterator.next();
                    //自定义行为类
                    NIOHandler handler = (NIOHandler)i.attachment();
                    handler.handle();
                    iterator.remove();
                }

            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        NIOServer server = new NIOServer(9001);
        server.start();
    }
}

单线程一直监听selector,有连接或者消息进来，线程中断，处理完然后重新进去，如此实现非阻塞等待，非阻塞读取消息

定义行为类