centOs7 安装 docker

1.查看你的centos内核版本

Docker 要求 CentOS 系统的内核版本高于 3.10 ，查看本页面的前提条件来验证你的CentOS 版本是否支持 Docker 。

通过 uname -r 命令查看你当前的内核版本

[root@default docker]# uname -r
3.10.0-957.1.3.el7.x86_64

2.安装Docker

[root@localhost ~]# yum remove docker \
                  docker-client \
                  docker-client-latest \
                  docker-common \
                  docker-latest \
                  docker-latest-logrotate \
                  docker-logrotate \
                  docker-selinux \
                  docker-engine-selinux \
                  docker-engine

首先移除你的centOs上的老版本Docker，没安装过的话可以不进行这步操作。

安装docker需要的系统工具

[root@localhost ~]# sudo yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2

添加软件源信息(未添加用aliyun centos linux自带了)：

[root@localhost ~]# sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

更新 yum 缓存 ：

[root@localhost ~]# sudo yum makecache fast

配置官方yum源，启用稳定版源配置：

 

echo '[docker-ce-stable]
name=Docker CE Stable - $basearch
baseurl=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/$basearch/stable
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/gpg

[docker-ce-stable-debuginfo]
name=Docker CE Stable - Debuginfo $basearch
baseurl=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/debug-$basearch/stable
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/gpg

[docker-ce-stable-source]
name=Docker CE Stable - Sources
baseurl=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/source/stable
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/gpg

[docker-ce-edge]
name=Docker CE Edge - $basearch
baseurl=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/$basearch/edge
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/gpg

[docker-ce-edge-debuginfo]
name=Docker CE Edge - Debuginfo $basearch
baseurl=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/debug-$basearch/edge
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/gpg

[docker-ce-edge-source]
name=Docker CE Edge - Sources
baseurl=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/source/edge
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/gpg

[docker-ce-test]
name=Docker CE Test - $basearch
baseurl=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/$basearch/test
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/gpg

[docker-ce-test-debuginfo]
name=Docker CE Test - Debuginfo $basearch
baseurl=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/debug-$basearch/test
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/gpg

[docker-ce-test-source]
name=Docker CE Test - Sources
baseurl=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/source/test
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/gpg

[docker-ce-nightly]
name=Docker CE Nightly - $basearch
baseurl=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/$basearch/nightly
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/gpg

[docker-ce-nightly-debuginfo]
name=Docker CE Nightly - Debuginfo $basearch
baseurl=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/debug-$basearch/nightly
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/gpg

[docker-ce-nightly-source]
name=Docker CE Nightly - Sources
baseurl=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/source/nightly
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/gpg'>/etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo

查看可用的docker-ce版本：

[root@localhost ~]# yum list docker-ce --showduplicates|grep "^doc"|sort -r

docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.0-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            18.06.1.ce-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            18.06.0.ce-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            18.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            18.03.0.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.12.1.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.12.0.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.09.1.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.09.0.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.06.2.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.06.1.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.06.0.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.3.ce-1.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.2.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.0.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable

安装 Docker-ce：

[root@localhost ~]# sudo yum -y install docker-ce-18.06.1.ce-3.el7
[root@localhost ~]# docker version
Client:
 Version:           18.06.1-ce
 API version:       1.38
 Go version:        go1.10.3
 Git commit:        e68fc7a
 Built:             Tue Aug 21 17:23:03 2018
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Experimental:      false

Server:
 Engine:
  Version:          18.06.1-ce
  API version:      1.38 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:       go1.10.3
  Git commit:       e68fc7a
  Built:            Tue Aug 21 17:25:29 2018
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false

docker 常用的几个命令：

查看docker服务状态、启动docker服务、停止docker服务、重启docker服务

systemctl status docker
systemctl start docker
systemctl stop docker
systemctl restart docker

设置为linux开机启动

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable docker
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service.

hello-world测试一下docker

[root@default docker]# docker run hello-world

Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
    (amd64)
 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
    executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
    to your terminal.

To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
 $ docker run -it ubuntu bash

Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
 https://hub.docker.com/

For more examples and ideas, visit:
 https://docs.docker.com/get-started/

第一次run hello-world的时候，因为本地没有hello-world镜像，docker引擎会自己去docker hub搜索hello-world，拉取，并运行

用docker search hello-world查看一下远端镜像库中的hello-world镜像，结果如下：

[root@default docker]# docker search hello-world

NAME                                       DESCRIPTION                                     STARS               OFFICIAL            AUTOMATED
hello-world                                Hello World! (an example of minimal Dockeriz…   804                 [OK]                
kitematic/hello-world-nginx                A light-weight nginx container that demonstr…   119                                     
tutum/hello-world                          Image to test docker deployments. Has Apache…   59                                      [OK]
dockercloud/hello-world                    Hello World!                                    14                                      [OK]
hypriot/armhf-hello-world                  Hello World! (an example of minimal Dockeriz…   6                                       
crccheck/hello-world                       Hello World web server in under 2.5 MB          6                                       [OK]
armhf/hello-world                          Hello World! (an example of minimal Dockeriz…   5                                       
marcells/aspnet-hello-world                ASP.NET vNext - Hello World                     5                                       [OK]
kornkitti/express-hello-world              Node.js Express Hello World : https://github…   3                                       
bonomat/nodejs-hello-world                 a simple nodejs hello world container           3                                       [OK]
ppc64le/hello-world                        Hello World! (an example of minimal Dockeriz…   2                                       
hello-seattle                              Hello from DockerCon 2016 (Seattle)!            2                   [OK]                
arm32v7/hello-world                        Hello World! (an example of minimal Dockeriz…   1                                       
microsoft/mcr-hello-world                  Hello World! (an example of minimal Dockeriz…   1                                       
carinamarina/hello-world-app               This is a sample Python web application, run…   1                                       [OK]
ansibleplaybookbundle/hello-world-apb      An APB which deploys a sample Hello World! a…   0                                       [OK]
ansibleplaybookbundle/hello-world-db-apb   An APB which deploys a sample Hello World! a…   0                                       [OK]
mcrflowtest/mcr-hello-world                Hello World! (an example of minimal Dockeriz…   0                                       
gscrivano/hello-world                      hello world example system container            0                                       [OK]
s390x/hello-world                          Hello World! (an example of minimal Dockeriz…   0                                       
markmnei/hello-world-java                  Automated build of Hello World Java             0                                       [OK]
burdz/hello-world-k8s                      To provide a simple webserver that can have …   0                                       [OK]
kevindockercompany/hello-world                                                             0                                       
infrastructureascode/hello-world           A tiny "Hello World" web server with a healt…   0                                       [OK]
winamd64/hello-world                       Hello World! (an example of minimal Dockeriz…   0