python基础知识——编码

<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">首先来说说在IDLE中的编码:</span>

1、获取系统编码(也就是系统存储的文件的编码方式),可以使用

import sys

sys.getdefaultencoding()


2、获取当前IDLE的编码方式(也就是在IDLE中输入的字符所采用的编码方式)

import locale

locale.getdefaultlocale()


3、在IDLE中输入

 
 这里输入a,b和显示的是机器码,也就是这两个汉字在机器中的存储记号。 
类似于
<span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14px; line-height: 24px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><img 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alt="" />repr()是将一个对象转成字符串显示,注意只是显示用,有些对象转成字符串没有直接的意思。如list,dict使用str()是无效的,但使用repr可以,这是为了看它们都有哪些值,为了显示之用。 </span>

>>>import locale
>>>>locale.getdefaultlocale()
('zh_CN', 'cp936')

 
 
所以a是采用的‘cp936’编码,而b是个Unicode码
>>>>a.decode('cp936')</span>
>u'\u4e2d\u56fd
>>>> b.encode('cp936')
>'\xd6\xd0\xb9\xfa'

 
4、关于print的作用
>>>>print a
>'中国'
>>>>print b
>'中国'
 
 
 
 
 
 第一个print类似于,完成了一个机器码到汉字的映射,哪个机器码对应哪个汉字,就把这个汉字拿出来,显示。 
第二个print类似于,首先按IDLE默认编码方式完成编码,然后再完成一个机器码到汉字的映射。

 



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