‘NSDecimalNumber--十进制数’使用方法

NSDecimalNumber-十进制数，可以有小数点，可以是正负数。继承于NSNumber

• + (NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumberWithMantissa:(unsigned long long)mantissa exponent:(short)exponent isNegative:(BOOL)flag;
  mantissa：长整形；exponent：指数；flag：正负数。

  NSDecimalNumber *subtotalAmount = [NSDecimalNumber decimalNumberWithMantissa:1275 exponent:-2 isNegative:NO];   //12.75
    subtotalAmount = [NSDecimalNumber decimalNumberWithMantissa:1275 exponent:2 isNegative:YES];   //-127500

• + (NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumberWithDecimal:(NSDecimal)dcm;
  将C语言NSDecimal类型转成一个十进制数。

    NSDecimalNumber *subtotalAmount = [NSDecimalNumber decimalNumberWithMantissa:1275 exponent:-2 isNegative:NO];   //12.75
    NSDecimal decimalValue = [subtotalAmount decimalValue];
    /**
     *  数据结构：
     (NSDecimal) decimalValue = {
     _exponent = -2
     _length = 1
     _isNegative = 0
     _isCompact = 1
     _reserved = 0
     _mantissa = ([0] = 1275, [1] = 0, [2] = 0, [3] = 0, [4] = 0, [5] = 0, [6] = 0, [7] = 0)
     */
    subtotalAmount = [NSDecimalNumber decimalNumberWithDecimal:decimalValue];   //12.75

• + (NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumberWithString:(nullable NSString *)numberValue;
  将字符串转成一个十进制数。

  NSDecimalNumber *discountAmount = [NSDecimalNumber decimalNumberWithString:@"-12.74"];      //-12.74
    discountAmount = [NSDecimalNumber decimalNumberWithString:@"127.4"];      //127.4

• + (NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumberWithString:(nullable NSString *)numberValue locale:(nullable id)locale;
  这个有点复杂，locale代表一种格式，就像date的格式化一样。这里的locale可以传递两种格式
  NSDictionary类型：

  NSDictionary *locale = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:@"," forKey:NSLocaleDecimalSeparator];    //以","当做小数点格式
  NSDecimalNumber *discountAmount = [NSDecimalNumber decimalNumberWithString:@"123,40" locale:locale];    //123.4

  NSLocale *locale = [[NSLocale alloc] initWithLocaleIdentifier:@"fr_FR"];    //法国数据格式,法国的小数点是','逗号
  NSDecimalNumber *discountAmount = [NSDecimalNumber decimalNumberWithString:@"123,40" locale:locale];    //123.4

• +(NSDecimalNumber *)zero; //0
  +(NSDecimalNumber *)one; //1
  +(NSDecimalNumber *)minimumDecimalNumber;
  //-3402823669209384634633746074317682114550000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
  +(NSDecimalNumber *)maximumDecimalNumber;
  //3402823669209384634633746074317682114550000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
  +(NSDecimalNumber *)notANumber;
  //非数字，常用于对比，比如：
  [[NSDecimalNumber notANumber] isEqualToNumber:myNumber];

• 加法运算

  -(NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumberByAdding:(NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumber;
  -(NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumberByAdding:(NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumber withBehavior:(nullable id <NSDecimalNumberBehaviors>)behavior;

• 减法运算

  -(NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumberBySubtracting:(NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumber;
  -(NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumberBySubtracting:(NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumber withBehavior:(nullable id <NSDecimalNumberBehaviors>)behavior;

• 乘法运算
  -(NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumberByMultiplyingBy:(NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumber;-(NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumberByMultiplyingBy:(NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumber withBehavior:(nullable id <NSDecimalNumberBehaviors>)behavior;

• 除法运算

  -(NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumberByDividingBy:(NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumber;
  -(NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumberByDividingBy:(NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumber withBehavior:(nullable id <NSDecimalNumberBehaviors>)behavior;

• a的n次方

  -(NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumberByRaisingToPower:(NSUInteger)power;
  -(NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumberByRaisingToPower:(NSUInteger)power withBehavior:(nullable id <NSDecimalNumberBehaviors>)behavior;

• 指数运算

  -(NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumberByMultiplyingByPowerOf10:(short)power;
  -(NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumberByMultiplyingByPowerOf10:(short)power 
  withBehavior:(nullable id <NSDecimalNumberBehaviors>)behavior;

• 四舍五入运算

  -(NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumberByRoundingAccordingToBehavior:(nullable id <NSDecimalNumberBehaviors>)behavior;

• 比较运算

  -(NSComparisonResult)compare:(NSNumber *)decimalNumber;

  示例

  NSDecimalNumber *discount1 = [NSDecimalNumber decimalNumberWithString:@"1.2"];
    NSDecimalNumber *discount2 = [NSDecimalNumber decimalNumberWithString:@"1.3"];
    NSComparisonResult result = [discount1 compare:discount2];
    if (result == NSOrderedAscending) {
        NSLog(@"1.2 < 1.3");
    } else if (result == NSOrderedSame) {
        NSLog(@"1.2 == 1.3");
    } else if (result == NSOrderedDescending) {
        NSLog(@"1.2 > 1.3");
    }