RemoteViews讲解

RemoteViews在日常开发中主要用于通知栏和桌面小部件的开发。它继承了Parcelable,所以可以很好的通过Binder来进行跨进程通信，里面提供了一系列的方法用于跨进程的更新界面。RemoteViews一个最常用的构造方法是RemoteViews(String packageName,int layoutId)，第一个参数是包名，第二个参数是待加载的布局文件。RemoteViews支持的控件如下：

Layout:
FrameLayout、LinearLayout、RelativeLayout、GridLayout
View
TextView 、Button、ImageView、ImageButton、ProgressBar、ListView、GridView、ViewFlipper、AdapterViewFlipper 、ViewStub、StackView、AnalogClock、Chronometer

RemoteViews仅仅支持上面的这些控件，不支持自定义View和其他类型的View。

RemoteViews的简单用法

RemoteViews提供了一系列的set方法来跨进程更新View，常见的set方法如下：

setViewVisibility(int viewId, int visibility) 设置某个View是否可见

setTextViewText(int viewId, CharSequence text) 设置TextView文本

setTextViewTextSize(int viewId, int units, float size)；设置TextView字体大小

setImageViewUri(int viewId, Uri uri)；设置ImageView 图片相当于调用ImageView的setImageURI方法

setImageViewBitmap(int viewId, Bitmap bitmap)；设置ImageView图片

setOnClickPendingIntent(int viewId, PendingIntent pendingIntent)为View添加点击事件

setBoolean(int viewId, String methodName, boolean value)反射调用View对象参数为boolean的方法

setString(int viewId, String methodName, String value)反射调用View对象参数为String类型的方法

RemoteViews类中还有很多类似的方法，可以去参考android api。这一系列的set方法大多数都是通过反射来实现的。举个关于自定义通知栏的梨子：

     NotificationCompat.Builder builder8 = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this);

                builder8.setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.me_pressed);
                builder8.setDefaults(NotificationCompat.DEFAULT_ALL);
                builder8.setAutoCancel(true);
                Intent intent_8 = new Intent(this, NotificationActivity.class);
                PendingIntent pendingIntent_8 = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, intent_8, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
                builder8.setContentIntent(pendingIntent_8);
                RemoteViews remoteViews = new RemoteViews(getPackageName(), R.layout.layout_remoteviews);
                remoteViews.setImageViewResource(R.id.iv_image, R.mipmap.test_widget_1);
                remoteViews.setTextViewText(R.id.tv_content, "测试内容");
                remoteViews.setTextViewText(R.id.tv_title, "测试标题");
                remoteViews.setTextColor(R.id.tv_content, getResources().getColor(R.color.colorAccent));
                Intent intent8 = new Intent(this, APPWidgetActivity.class);
                PendingIntent pendingIntent8 = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, intent8, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
                remoteViews.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.tv_content, pendingIntent8);

                builder8.setContent(remoteViews);
                if (notificationManager == null) {
                    notificationManager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
                }
                notificationManager.notify(116, builder8.build());

效果图如下：

RemoteViews内部机制

在通知栏或者桌面小部件中，RemoteViews会通过Binder机制和系统进程进行通信，系统会根据RemoteViews中的包名去获取该应用的资源（布局文件，图片等资源）。然后通过LayoutInflater去加载RemoteViews中的布局文件。这时在系统进程中就是一个普通的View了。在应用中我们可以通过一系列的set方法去更新View。这些方法不是立刻去执行的。RemoteViews会把这些操作保存起来。当通过NotificationManager的notify方法或者AppWidgetManager的updateAppWidget方法提交时，这些操作会通过Binder传输到系统进程来进行更新View。在我们的应用中每调用一个set方法，RemoteViews中就会添加一个对应的Action对象，当我们通过NotificationManager和AppWidgetManager提交更新时，这些Action对象就会传输到系统进程中依次执行。通过阅读RemoteViews源码可以发现。远程进程通过RemoteViews的apply方法更新操作。在apply方法里会去遍历一个个Action对象并调用Action的apply方法。所以具体的更新操作是Action的apply方法完成的。除了apply方法还有一个reapply方法可以用来更新界面。他们的区别是apply方法会加载界面并更新界面，而reapply方法只会进行更新界面。

  /**
     * Equivalent to calling TextView.setText
     *
     * @param viewId The id of the view whose text should change
     * @param text The new text for the view
     */
    public void setTextViewText(int viewId, CharSequence text) {
        setCharSequence(viewId, "setText", text);
    }

  /**
     * Call a method taking one CharSequence on a view in the layout for this RemoteViews.
     *
     * @param viewId The id of the view on which to call the method.
     * @param methodName The name of the method to call.
     * @param value The value to pass to the method.
     */
    public void setCharSequence(int viewId, String methodName, CharSequence value) {
        addAction(new ReflectionAction(viewId, methodName, ReflectionAction.CHAR_SEQUENCE, value));
    }
  /**
  * ReflectionAction的apply方法
  */
    @Override
        public void apply(View root, ViewGroup rootParent, OnClickHandler handler) {
            final View view = root.findViewById(viewId);
            if (view == null) return;

            Class<?> param = getParameterType();
            if (param == null) {
                throw new ActionException("bad type: " + this.type);
            }

            try {
                getMethod(view, this.methodName, param).invoke(view, wrapArg(this.value));
            } catch (ActionException e) {
                throw e;
            } catch (Exception ex) {
                throw new ActionException(ex);
            }
        }

/**
*RemoteViews的apply方法
*
*/
 public View apply(Context context, ViewGroup parent, OnClickHandler handler) {
        RemoteViews rvToApply = getRemoteViewsToApply(context);

        View result = inflateView(context, rvToApply, parent);
        loadTransitionOverride(context, handler);

        rvToApply.performApply(result, parent, handler);

        return result;
    }

   private void performApply(View v, ViewGroup parent, OnClickHandler handler) {
        if (mActions != null) {
            handler = handler == null ? DEFAULT_ON_CLICK_HANDLER : handler;
            final int count = mActions.size();
            for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
                Action a = mActions.get(i);
                a.apply(v, parent, handler);
            }
        }
    }

/**
* RemoteViews的reapply方法
*
*/
    public void reapply(Context context, View v, OnClickHandler handler) {
        RemoteViews rvToApply = getRemoteViewsToApply(context);

        // In the case that a view has this RemoteViews applied in one orientation, is persisted
        // across orientation change, and has the RemoteViews re-applied in the new orientation,
        // we throw an exception, since the layouts may be completely unrelated.
        if (hasLandscapeAndPortraitLayouts()) {
            if ((Integer) v.getTag(R.id.widget_frame) != rvToApply.getLayoutId()) {
                throw new RuntimeException("Attempting to re-apply RemoteViews to a view that" +
                        " that does not share the same root layout id.");
            }
        }

        rvToApply.performApply(v, (ViewGroup) v.getParent(), handler);
    }

总结

1.参考自《Android开发艺术探索》这本书。
2.关于窗口小部件的用法http://blog.csdn.net/liuqz2009/article/details/50922122