List集合之ArrayList_集合arraylist-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/uestcxa2014/article/details/49979225

1.List集合

1.1 List集合中元素有次序、可以重复，可以通过索引来访问集合中的元素。默认按照元素的添加顺序来设置元素的序号，序号从0开始。

1.2 List做为Collection的子接口，继承了Collection接口的所有方法。同时由于List集合的有序性，可以通过序号来访问、删除、设置、获取指定元素序号、获取指定序号元素子集等。具体代码，如下：

List<String> strLists = new ArrayList<String>();
	    String[] str = {"g","h","k"};
	    List<String> arrayToList = Arrays.asList(str);
	    //指定位置插入元素
	    strLists.add(0, "c"); //新建集合若是不从第0个开始插入会报越界错误
	    strLists.add(1, "a");
	    strLists.add(2, "b");
	    System.out.println(strLists);
	    
	    //指定位置插入集合
	    strLists.addAll(1, arrayToList);
	    System.out.println(strLists); //输出：[c, g, h, k, a, b]
	    System.out.println(strLists.get(2)); //输出:h
	    
	    //返回指定元素的序号
	    System.out.println("h:"+strLists.indexOf("h")); //输出 h:2
    	    
	   //元素最后一次出现的位置
	   strLists.add("g"); 
       System.out.println("g最后一次出现的序号："+strLists.lastIndexOf("g")); //输出：g最后一次出现的序号：6
       System.out.println("g第一次出现的序号："+strLists.indexOf("g"));   //输出:g第一次出现的序号：1
       
      //移除指定位置的元素
       strLists.remove(0);
       System.out.println(strLists);   //输出：[g, h, k, a, b, g]
       //移除指定元素
       strLists.remove("k");
       System.out.println(strLists);  //输出：[g, h, a, b, g]
       
       //设置某个位置的元素
       strLists.set(0, "j");
       System.out.println(strLists);  //输出：[j, h, a, b, g]
       
       //获取集合的子集
      System.out.println(strLists.subList(0, strLists.size()-2));  //输出：[j, h, a]

1.3 List集合除了有Collection具有的Interator外，还有ListInterator迭代器，多了方法previous()和hasPrevious(),可以实现向前迭代。

//listIterator
      List<String> listIn = new ArrayList<String>();
      listIn.add("a");
      listIn.add("b");
      listIn.add("c");
      ListIterator<String> listRator = listIn.listIterator();
      
      //顺序输出
      while(listRator.hasNext())
      {
    	  System.out.print(" "+listRator.next());
      }
      System.out.println();
      System.out.println("========逆序了=======");
      //逆序输出
      while(listRator.hasPrevious())
      {
    	  System.out.print(" "+listRator.previous());
      }

1.4 ArrayList常用方法


修饰符与类型	方法与描述
`boolean`	`add(E e)` Appends the specified element to the end of this list.
`void`	`add(int index,E element)` Inserts the specified element at the specified position in this list.
`boolean`	`addAll(Collection<? extendsE> c)` Appends all of the elements in the specified collection to the end of this list, in the order that they are returned by the specified collection's Iterator.
`boolean`	`addAll(int index,Collection<? extends E> c)` Inserts all of the elements in the specified collection into this list, starting at the specified position.
`void`	`clear()` Removes all of the elements from this list.
`Object`	`clone()` Returns a shallow copy of this `ArrayList` instance.
`boolean`	`contains(Object o)` Returns `true` if this list contains the specified element.
`void`	`ensureCapacity(int minCapacity)` Increases the capacity of this `ArrayList` instance, if necessary, to ensure that it can hold at least the number of elements specified by the minimum capacity argument.
`E`	`get(int index)` Returns the element at the specified position in this list.
`int`	`indexOf(Object o)` Returns the index of the first occurrence of the specified element in this list, or -1 if this list does not contain the element.
`boolean`	`isEmpty()` Returns `true` if this list contains no elements.
`Iterator<E>`	`iterator()` Returns an iterator over the elements in this list in proper sequence.
`int`	`lastIndexOf(Object o)` Returns the index of the last occurrence of the specified element in this list, or -1 if this list does not contain the element.
`ListIterator<E>`	`listIterator()` Returns a list iterator over the elements in this list (in proper sequence).
`ListIterator<E>`	`listIterator(int index)` Returns a list iterator over the elements in this list (in proper sequence), starting at the specified position in the list.
`E`	`remove(int index)` Removes the element at the specified position in this list.
`boolean`	`remove(Object o)` Removes the first occurrence of the specified element from this list, if it is present.
`boolean`	`removeAll(Collection<?> c)` Removes from this list all of its elements that are contained in the specified collection.
`protected void`	`removeRange(int fromIndex, int toIndex)` Removes from this list all of the elements whose index is between `fromIndex`, inclusive, and `toIndex`, exclusive.
`boolean`	`retainAll(Collection<?> c)` Retains only the elements in this list that are contained in the specified collection.
`E`	`set(int index,E element)` Replaces the element at the specified position in this list with the specified element.
`int`	`size()` Returns the number of elements in this list.
`List<E>`	`subList(int fromIndex, int toIndex)` Returns a view of the portion of this list between the specified `fromIndex`, inclusive, and `toIndex`, exclusive.
`Object[]`	`toArray()` Returns an array containing all of the elements in this list in proper sequence (from first to last element).
`<T> T[]`	`toArray(T[] a)` Returns an array containing all of the elements in this list in proper sequence (from first to last element); the runtime type of the returned array is that of the specified array.
`void`	`trimToSize()` Trims the capacity of this `ArrayList` instance to be the list's current size.