【第6章数据存储与网络】6.4 统信UOS网络权限配置

最新推荐文章于 2025-05-08 19:55:53 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2025-05-08 19:55:53 发布

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分类专栏：移动APP 文章标签： python debian linux ubuntu kylin

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以下是为统信UOS配置Kivy应用网络权限的完整解决方案，涵盖权限申请、配置文件编写和系统级集成：

统信UOS Kivy应用网络权限配置指南

一、基础权限配置

1. 应用.desktop文件配置

在/usr/share/applications/yourapp.desktop中添加网络权限声明：

[Desktop Entry]
Name=YourApp
Exec=/opt/yourapp/yourapp
Icon=/opt/yourapp/icon.png
Type=Application
Categories=Utility;
X-UOS-Network-Access=true  # 声明需要网络权限
X-UOS-Sandbox-Permissions=network  # 沙箱网络权限

2. 沙箱配置文件

创建/opt/yourapp/sandbox.json：

{
  "permissions": {
    "network": {
      "allow": true,
      "domains": [
        "*.example.com",
        "api.service.uniontech.com"
      ]
    },
    "firewall": {
      "inbound": ["8080"],
      "outbound": ["80", "443", "8080"]
    }
  }
}

二、深度系统(DDE)集成

1. 网络权限申请API

在Python代码中添加权限检查：

from kivy.app import App
import dbus

class MyApp(App):
    def check_network_permission(self):
        try:
            bus = dbus.SystemBus()
            proxy = bus.get_object('com.uniontech.Permission', '/')
            iface = dbus.Interface(proxy, 'com.uniontech.Permission.Interface')
            
            # 检查网络权限
            status = iface.CheckPermission(
                'network', 
                os.getpid(),
                dbus.UInt32(0)  # 0表示网络权限
            
            return status == 1  # 1表示已授权
        
        except Exception as e:
            print(f"权限检查失败: {e}")
            return False  # 默认允许以兼容非UOS系统

2. 运行时权限请求

def request_network_permission(self):
    try:
        bus = dbus.SessionBus()
        proxy = bus.get_object('com.uniontech.Permission', '/Request')
        iface = dbus.Interface(proxy, 'com.uniontech.Permission.Request')
        
        # 弹出系统权限对话框
        result = iface.RequestPermission(
            'network',
            '需要网络连接以同步数据',
            dbus.Dictionary({
                'app_name': self.get_application_name(),
                'icon': '/opt/yourapp/icon.png'
            }, signature='sv')
        )
        
        return result
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"权限请求失败: {e}")
        return False

三、网络代理配置

1. 自动获取系统代理

def get_system_proxy():
    """获取统信UOS系统代理设置"""
    try:
        bus = dbus.SystemBus()
        proxy = bus.get_object('com.uniontech.Network', '/Proxy')
        iface = dbus.Interface(proxy, 'com.uniontech.Network.Proxy')
        
        config = iface.GetProxySettings()
        return {
            'http': f"http://{config['http_host']}:{config['http_port']}",
            'https': f"http://{config['https_host']}:{config['https_port']}"
        }
    except:
        return None

2. 网络请求适配

import requests
from kivy.utils import platform

class UOSHttpClient:
    def __init__(self):
        self.session = requests.Session()
        
        if platform == 'linux' and 'UOS' in platform.uname().version:
            # 统信UOS下应用代理设置
            proxy = self._get_uos_proxy()
            if proxy:
                self.session.proxies.update(proxy)
            
            # 启用统信TLS优化
            self.session.verify = '/etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt'
    
    def _get_uos_proxy(self):
        """获取统信UOS代理配置"""
        try:
            import dbus
            bus = dbus.SystemBus()
            proxy = bus.get_object('com.uniontech.Network', '/Proxy')
            iface = dbus.Interface(proxy, 'org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties')
            
            settings = iface.Get('com.uniontech.Network.Proxy', 'Settings')
            if settings['Mode'] == 1:  # 手动模式
                return {
                    'http': f"http://{settings['HttpProxy']}:{settings['HttpPort']}",
                    'https': f"http://{settings['HttpsProxy']}:{settings['HttpsPort']}"
                }
        except:
            return None

四、防火墙例外配置

1. 应用安装时配置

创建/usr/lib/firewall.d/70-yourapp.conf：

[Firewall Rules]
# 允许出站连接
Rule {
    direction: out
    action: accept
    protocol: tcp
    port: 80,443,8080
    process: /opt/yourapp/yourapp
}

# 允许入站WebSocket连接
Rule {
    direction: in
    action: accept
    protocol: tcp
    port: 8080
    process: /opt/yourapp/yourapp
}

2. 运行时动态开放端口

def open_firewall_port(port, protocol='tcp'):
    """临时开放防火墙端口"""
    try:
        import dbus
        bus = dbus.SystemBus()
        proxy = bus.get_object('com.uniontech.Firewall', '/')
        iface = dbus.Interface(proxy, 'com.uniontech.Firewall.Manager')
        
        return iface.AddTemporaryRule(
            port, 
            protocol,
            dbus.UInt32(3600),  # 有效期(秒)
            dbus.String('YourApp临时端口')
        )
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"防火墙配置失败: {e}")
        return False

五、网络状态监控

1. 实时网络状态检测

from kivy.clock import Clock

class NetworkMonitor:
    def __init__(self):
        self._status = None
        self._event = None
        
        if platform == 'linux' and 'UOS' in platform.uname().version:
            self._init_uos_monitor()
        else:
            Clock.schedule_interval(self._check_generic, 5)
    
    def _init_uos_monitor(self):
        """初始化统信UOS网络监控"""
        try:
            import dbus
            from dbus.mainloop.glib import DBusGMainLoop
            DBusGMainLoop(set_as_default=True)
            
            bus = dbus.SystemBus()
            proxy = bus.get_object('com.uniontech.Network', '/')
            iface = dbus.Interface(proxy, 'com.uniontech.Network.Manager')
            
            # 获取初始状态
            self._status = iface.GetStatus()
            
            # 监听网络变化信号
            iface.connect_to_signal('StatusChanged', self._handle_status_change)
            
        except Exception as e:
            print(f"无法初始化网络监控: {e}")
            Clock.schedule_interval(self._check_generic, 5)
    
    def _handle_status_change(self, status):
        """处理统信UOS网络状态变化"""
        self._status = status
        App.get_running_app().dispatch('on_network_status', status)

六、打包部署配置

1. DEB包控制文件

在debian/control中添加：

Package: yourapp
Version: 1.0
Section: utils
Priority: optional
Architecture: amd64
Depends: kivy, python3-dbus, uos-permission-client
Maintainer: Your Name <your@email.com>
Description: Your App with network access
 uos-network-access: true  # 声明需要网络权限
 uos-firewall-ports: 80,443,8080  # 需要开放的端口

2. 安装后脚本

debian/postinst：

#!/bin/sh

# 刷新桌面数据库
update-desktop-database -q || true

# 注册防火墙规则
if [ -f /usr/lib/firewall.d/70-yourapp.conf ]; then
    systemctl restart ufw || true
fi

# 请求网络权限
if [ -x "/usr/bin/uos-permission-client" ]; then
    uos-permission-client --request network \
        --app-name "YourApp" \
        --reason "需要网络连接以实现数据同步功能" \
        --icon "/opt/yourapp/icon.png"
fi

七、调试与验证

1. 权限检查命令

# 检查应用网络权限
uos-permission-checker --app yourapp --permission network

# 查看实际网络连接
sudo netstat -tulnp | grep yourapp

2. 日志记录配置

创建/etc/yourapp/netlog.conf：

[Network]
log_level = debug
log_file = /var/log/yourapp/network.log
max_size = 10  # MB

3. 常见问题解决

问题1：网络请求被拒绝

# 检查沙箱策略
sandboxctl status yourapp

# 临时禁用沙箱测试
sandboxctl disable yourapp

问题2：证书验证失败

# 更新统信UOS证书链
sudo update-ca-certificates --fresh

# 查看应用证书配置
uos-cert-checker --app yourapp

问题3：代理不生效

# 强制重载代理配置
def reload_proxy_settings():
    try:
        bus = dbus.SystemBus()
        proxy = bus.get_object('com.uniontech.Network', '/Proxy')
        iface = dbus.Interface(proxy, 'com.uniontech.Network.Proxy')
        iface.ReloadSettings()
    except:
        pass