XSI-IPC:共享存储

1. 共享存储结构

共享存储或者成为共享存储段是一个IPC 对象：使用shmget函数创建一个新的共享存储段，意味着内核分配一段物理内存与共享存储 id关联

不同的进程使用同一个shm_id 映射该段物理内存到各自的虚拟地址，从而实现进程间通信

2. 共享存储接口

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

extern "C"
{
	#include <sys/ipc.h>
	#include <sys/shm.h>
	#include <sys/types.h>
	/*
	  int shmget(key_t key, size_t size, int shmflg);
	  int shmctl(int shmid, int cmd, struct shmid_ds *buf);
	  void *shmat(int shmid, const void *shmaddr, int shmflg);
	  int shmdt(const void *shmaddr);
	*/
}

#define SHM_SIZE 10000
#define SHM_MODE 0600
int main()
{
	key_t key = 999;
	int shmid = shmget(key,SHM_SIZE,SHM_MODE|IPC_CREAT|IPC_EXCL);
	if(-1 == shmid)
	{
		cout << "shm create failed ,exiting" << endl;
		return -1;
	}
	
	void* ptr = shmat(shmid,NULL,0);
	if((void*)-1 == ptr)
	{
		cout << "shm map failed" << endl;
		goto Errend;
	}
	int *pint;
	pint = (int*)ptr;
	*pint = 100;
	
	int res;
	res = shmdt(ptr);
	if(-1 == res)
	{
		cout << "shmdt failed" << endl;
	}

	Errend:
	res = shmctl(shmid,IPC_RMID,NULL);
	if(-1 == res)
	{
		cout << "shm delete failed ,exiting" << endl;
	}

	return 0;
}