首先,如何获取 res 中的资源
数据包package:android.content.res
主要类:Resources
Android SDK中的简介:Class for accessing an application’s resources.Class for accessing an application’s resources. This sits on top of the asset manager of the application (accessible through getAssets()) and provides a higher-level API for getting typed data from the assets.
其主要接口按照功能,划分为以下三部分:
getXXXX() 例如: int getColor(int id) Drawable getDrawable(int id) String getString(int id) | 直接获取res中存放的资源 |
InputStream openRawResource(int id) | 获取资源的数据流,读取资源数据 |
void parseBundleExtras( XmlResourceParser parser, Bundle outBundle) | 从XML文件中获取数据 |
Resource为每种资源提供了相应的接口来获取这种资源,除了可以直接获取资源外,还额外提供了以数据流的方式获取资源,这在以后的应用程序开发中会经常使用,那么如何获取Resources了,如下:Resources r = this.getContext().getResources();
其次,如何获取资源中的画图对象
数据包package:android.graphics.drawable
主要类:Drawable
Android SDK中的简介:A Drawable is a general abstraction for “something that can be drawn.” Most often you will deal with Drawable as the type of resource retrieved for drawing things to the screen; the Drawable class provides a generic API for dealing with an underlying visual resource that may take a variety of forms.
看了以上简介,发现Drawable是个virtual class,具体如何画图,需要具体分析Drawable的子类,例如:BitmapDrawable
Android SDK中的简介:A Drawable that wraps a bitmap and can be tiled, stretched, or aligned. You can create a BitmapDrawable from a file path, an input stream, through XML inflation, or from a Bitmap object. It can be defined in an XML file with the <bitmap>
element.
其主要接口如下:
BitmapDrawable() BitmapDrawable(Bitmap bitmap) BitmapDrawable(String filepath) BitmapDrawable(InputStream is) | |
void draw(Canvas canvas)
| Draw in its bounds (set via setBounds) respecting optional effects such as alpha (set via setAlpha) and color filter (set via setColorFilter). |
final Bitmap getBitmap() | |
final Paint getPaint() |
Drawable是个抽象类,在BitmapDrawable中我们就看到位图的具体操作,在仔细看下BitmapDrawable的构造函数,我们就会发现与Resource中的openRawResource()接口是相对应的,就可以通过以下方法来获取位图:
Resources r = this.getContext().getResources();
Inputstream is = r.openRawResource(R.drawable.my_background_image);
BitmapDrawable bmpDraw = new BitmapDrawable(is);
Bitmap bmp = bmpDraw.getBitmap();
关于Drawable深入的学习与理解,请阅读Android画图学习总结(三)——Drawable
然后,看几个常用的辅助类
- Paint
数据包package:android.graphics
Android SDK中的简介:The Paint class holds the style and color information about how to draw geometries, text and bitmaps. 主要就是定义:画刷的样式,画笔的大小/颜色等。 - Typeface
数据包 package:android.graphics
Android SDK中的简介:The Typeface class specifies the typeface and intrinsic style of a font. 主要就是定义:字体。
最后,核心类显示资源
数据包package:android.graphics
主要类:Canvas
Android SDK中的简介:The Canvas class holds the “draw” calls. To draw something, you need 4 basic components: A Bitmap to hold the pixels, a Canvas to host the draw calls (writing into the bitmap), a drawing primitive (e.g. Rect, Path, text, Bitmap), and a paint (to describe the colors and styles for the drawing).
按照结构的功能,将主要接口分为以下3部分:
boolean clipXXXX() | Region区域操作: DIFFERENCE INTERSECT REPLACE REVERSE_DIFFERENCE UNION XOR |
void drawXXXX() | 画图函数 |
void rotate() void scale() void skew() void translate() | 画布操作函数 |
Region在这里需要特殊说明下:Region就是一个区域,也就是画布(Canvas)中的有效区域,在无效区域上draw,对画布没有任何改变。