Array和ArrayList的差异

Difference between Array and ArrayList

Similarities

• Array and ArrayList both are used for storing elements.
• Array and ArrayList both can store null values.
• They can have duplicate values.
• They do not preserve the order of elements.

The following table describes the key differences between array and ArrayList:

Basis	Array	ArrayList
Definition	An array is a dynamically-created object. It serves as a container that holds the constant number of values of the same type. It has a contiguous memory location.	The ArrayList is a class of Java Collections framework. It contains popular classes like Vector, HashTable, and HashMap.
Static/ Dynamic	Array is static in size.	ArrayList is dynamic in size.
Resizable	An array is a fixed-length data structure.	ArrayList is a variable-length data structure. It can be resized itself when needed.
Initialization	It is mandatory to provide the size of an array while initializing it directly or indirectly.	We can create an instance of ArrayList without specifying its size. Java creates ArrayList of default size.
Performance	It performs fast in comparison to ArrayList because of fixed size.	ArrayList is internally backed by the array in Java. The resize operation in ArrayList slows down the performance.
Primitive/ Generic type	An array can store both objects and primitives type.	We cannot store primitive type in ArrayList. It automatically converts primitive type to object.
Iterating Values	We use for loop or for each loop to iterate over an array.	We use an iterator to iterate over ArrayList.
Type-Safety	We cannot use generics along with array because it is not a convertible type of array.	ArrayList allows us to store only generic/ type, that's why it is type-safe.
Length	Array provides a length variable which denotes the length of an array.	ArrayList provides the size() method to determine the size of ArrayList.
Adding Elements	We can add elements in an array by using the assignment operator.	Java provides the add() method to add elements in the ArrayList.
Single/ Multi-Dimensional	Array can be multi-dimensional.	ArrayList is always single-dimensional.

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