transient 关键字
tansient是Java中的一个关键字,不过在日常的开发中我们很少用或者是遇到,我也是在
看ArrayList源代码的时候发现其类中声明的一个属性值中用到了transient关键字,表示
这个属性只是暂时的,究竟起到什么作用呢?经过查阅发现transient的功能就是在将一个
对象序列化的时候带transient关键字的属性不会被序列化。下面通过具体的代码来说明这
transient的作用。
package core.java.serializable;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
public class SerializableDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SerializableDemo demo = new SerializableDemo();
System.out.println("开始序列化--------------");
User user = new User(1, "zhangsan", "男");
demo.writeObject(user);
System.out.println("开始反序列化--------------");
User u = (User)demo.readObject();
System.out.println(u.getId() + "," + u.getName() + "," + u.getSex());
}
/**
* 序列化对象
* @param obj
*/
private void writeObject(Object obj){
try {
ObjectOutputStream ots = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(new File("D:/object.txt")));
ots.writeObject(obj);
ots.flush();
ots.close();
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 反序列化对象
* @return
*/
private Object readObject(){
try {
ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream(new File("D:/object.txt")));
Object object = ois.readObject();
ois.close();
return object;
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
}
package core.java.serializable;
import java.io.Serializable;
/**
* 序列化实体
* @author author
*
*/
public class User implements Serializable{
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 8511909251520938165L;
private int id;
private String name;
private transient String sex;
public User(int id, String name, String sex){
super();
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.sex = sex;
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
}
控制台输出:
开始序列化--------------
开始反序列化--------------
1,zhangsan,null
从控制台输出的值我们可以发现User的sex属性值并没有没序列化。
是不是只要是用了transient关键字的属性就不会被序列化呢,其实并不是。我们都
知道要是一个对象实现序列化通过实现Serializable接口就可以,但是还有另外一种方法
实现对象序列化的方式就是实现Externalizable,实现Externalizable接口需要实现该接口
的两个方法writeExternal和readExternal方法,需要手动指定哪些属性将要被实现序列化。
代码演示:
package core.java.serializable;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
public class SerializableDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SerializableDemo demo = new SerializableDemo();
Address address = new Address(1, "中国", "北京", "朝阳区");
demo.writeObject(address);
Address add = (Address)demo.readObject();
System.out.println(add.getId() + "," + add.getCountry() + "," + add.getCity() + "," + add.getArea());
}
/**
* 序列化对象
* @param obj
*/
private void writeObject(Object obj){
try {
ObjectOutputStream ots = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(new File("D:/object.txt")));
ots.writeObject(obj);
ots.flush();
ots.close();
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 反序列化对象
* @return
*/
private Object readObject(){
try {
ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream(new File("D:/object.txt")));
Object object = ois.readObject();
ois.close();
return object;
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
}
package core.java.serializable;
import java.io.Externalizable;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.ObjectInput;
import java.io.ObjectOutput;
/**
* Externalizable方式实现对象序列化
* @author author
*
*/
public class Address implements Externalizable{
private int id;
private String country;
private String city;
private transient String area;
public Address(){
}
public Address(int id, String country, String city, String area){
super();
this.id = id;
this.country = country;
this.city = city;
this.area = area;
}
@Override
public void writeExternal(ObjectOutput out) throws IOException {
out.writeObject(id);
out.writeObject(country);
out.writeObject(city);
out.writeObject(area);
}
@Override
public void readExternal(ObjectInput in) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
id = (int) in.readObject();
country = (String) in.readObject();
city = (String) in.readObject();
area = (String) in.readObject();
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getCountry() {
return country;
}
public void setCountry(String country) {
this.country = country;
}
public String getCity() {
return city;
}
public void setCity(String city) {
this.city = city;
}
public String getArea() {
return area;
}
public void setArea(String area) {
this.area = area;
}
}
控制台输出
1,中国,北京,朝阳区
从控制台打印出来的结果可以知道并不是用transient声明的属性就不能被序列化。