ORA-00845: MEMORY_TARGET not supported on this system

错误界面：

[oracle@zhangqian ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Thu Sep 27 14:52:17 2018

Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup
ORA-00845: MEMORY_TARGET not supported on this system

原因：/dev/shm空间不足

解决方法：扩大/dev/shm空间

• 查看/dev/shm和memory_target的大小

/*查看/dev/shm的大小*/
[oracle@zhangqian dbs]$ df -h
Filesystem             Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/rhel-root   48G   18G   30G  37% /
devtmpfs               1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /dev
tmpfs                  1.9G  899M  989M  48% /dev/shm
tmpfs                  1.9G  9.1M  1.9G   1% /run
tmpfs                  1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup

/*查看实例的memory_target大小*/
[oracle@zhangqian ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
[oracle@zhangqian dbs]$ more initoracs133.ora 
oracs133.__data_transfer_cache_size=0
oracs133.__db_cache_size=553648128
oracs133.__java_pool_size=16777216
oracs133.__large_pool_size=150994944
oracs133.__oracle_base='/u01/product/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment
oracs133.__pga_aggregate_target=637534208
oracs133.__sga_target=956301312
oracs133.__shared_io_pool_size=0
oracs133.__shared_pool_size=218103808
oracs133.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/product/oracle/admin/oracs133/adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='12.1.0.2.0'
*.control_files='/u01/product/oracle/oradata/ORACS133/controlfile/o1_mf_fp09r44z_.ctl','/u01/product/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORACS133
/controlfile/o1_mf_fp09r48c_.ctl'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_create_file_dest='/u01/product/oracle/oradata'
*.db_domain=''
*.db_name='oracs133'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/product/oracle/fast_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4560m
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/product/oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=oracs133XDB)'
*.enable_pluggable_database=true
*.local_listener='listener_zq'
/***********************************************/
*.memory_target=1508m
/**********************************************/
*.open_cursors=300
*.processes=300
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'

• /dev/shm要大于memory_target的大小，所以更改shm的大小，挂载使其生效，修改/etc/fstab使每次开机都自动加载新设置。

[root@zhangqian ~]#  mount -o remount,size=2700M /dev/shm

/*修改/etc/fstab,增加一行信息*/
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs  defaults,size=2700M      0 0

• 一般需要留2G的内存给操作系统运行，所以如果分配给/etc/shm过多，系统会报内存不足的错，这时候需要关机，然后扩内存（虚拟机的情况下）

完成上述配置后，Oracle就能起来了。