【监听】【异常】启动数据库 ORA-00119: invalid specification for system parameter LOCAL_LISTENER

首先Oracle 12C是通过读取spfile（二进制文件spfileoracs133.ora）启动的，被更改后的默认参数信息记录在这个文件中，所以一般情况下spfile是没有local_listener参数的，系统会自动访问LISTENER.ora文件中的监听。BUT，如若更改过监听名（如：alter system alter system set local_listener='LISTENER_ORACS133';)，则需要本文所述操作配置监听文件。

sqlplus / as sysdba
sql>create pfile from spfile;

• spfile（spfileSID.ora）不可读，需要通过“sqlplus / as sysdba”启动后，把spfile复制成可读可编辑的pfile（initSID.ora）。
• spfile如果不指定路径，默认就在$ORACLE_HOME/dbs下
• 复制出来的pfile文件，是以“initSID.ora”的方式命名的

此时，我们查看pfile的内容：

Oracle启动时执行spfile文件，依次执行上图命令，执行到“local_listener”（方框处命令，此处没有注释掉），它会去"$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/network/admin/tnsnames.ora"中去寻找'LINSTENER_ORACS133'监听参数（Oracle服务器是哪个啊，端口是哪个啊之类的信息）。

如果tnsnames.ora中没有设置，那么Oracle就找不到特定的监听去连接Oracle服务器，便会出现如标题中所提及的错误。

还有一种方法：不更改tnsnames.ora中的监听，直接在pfile中指出监听的信息，此时Oracle开启的时候使用如下命令，直接通过pfile开启Oracle。

SQL>STARTUP pfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/dbhome_1/dbs/initoracs133.ora'

当然，如果想要常规的“sqlplus / as sysdba”开启，可以通过create spfile from pfile把参数直接写死在Oracle系统里。

此时可以通过如下语句检验：

SQL>show parameter local_

但是不推荐最后这种方法。

 

 

[oracle@zhangqian admin]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Thu Aug 2 10:48:32 2018

Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options

SQL> show parameter db_name

NAME                                 TYPE
------------------------------------ ----------------------
VALUE
------------------------------
db_name                              string
oracs133
SQL> set linesize 400
SQL> r
SP2-0103: Nothing in SQL buffer to run.
SQL> show pdbs

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 PDB1                           READ WRITE NO
SQL> exit   
Disconnected from Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options
[oracle@zhangqian admin]$ cat tnsnames.ora 
PDB1 =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.17.133)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME =PDB1)
    )
  )

[oracle@zhangqian admin]$ tnsping pdb1

TNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on 02-AUG-2018 10:49:16

Copyright (c) 1997, 2014, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Used parameter files:


Used TNSNAMES adapter to resolve the alias
Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.17.133)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME =PDB1)))
TNS-12541: TNS:no listener
[oracle@zhangqian admin]$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on 02-AUG-2018 10:49:23

Copyright (c) 1991, 2014, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=zhangqian)(PORT=1521)))
TNS-12541: TNS:no listener
 TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
  TNS-00511: No listener
   Linux Error: 111: Connection refused
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
TNS-12541: TNS:no listener
 TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
  TNS-00511: No listener
   Linux Error: 111: Connection refused
[oracle@zhangqian admin]$ netstat -anpt|grep 1521
(Not all processes could be identified, non-owned process info
 will not be shown, you would have to be root to see it all.)
[oracle@zhangqian admin]$ lsnrctl start

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on 02-AUG-2018 10:49:41

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