Fragment依附Activity生命周期问题

Fragment依附Activity生命周期问题

1.问题

一个Activity中有个Fragment，那启动Activity时Fragment和Activity的生命周期调用顺序时怎样的？

2.实践代码

MainActivity.kt

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
    val TAG = "Test"
    @SuppressLint("MissingInflatedId")
    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
        Log.d(TAG,"Activity:onCreate 活动创建")
    }

    override fun onStart() {
        super.onStart()
        Log.d(TAG,"Activity:onStart 活动可见")
    }

    override fun onResume() {
        super.onResume()
        Log.d(TAG,"Activity:onResume 活动可交互")
    }

    override fun onRestart() {
        super.onRestart()
        Log.d(TAG,"Activity:onRestart 活动重新可见")
    }

    override fun onPause() {
        super.onPause()
        Log.d(TAG,"Activity:onPause 活动不可交互")
    }

    override fun onStop() {
        super.onStop()
        Log.d(TAG,"Activity:onStop 活动不可见")
    }

    override fun onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy()
        Log.d(TAG,"Activity:onDestroy 活动状态销毁")
    }

    override fun onBackPressed() {
        super.onBackPressed()
        Log.d(TAG,"=======================================")
        Log.d(TAG,"Activity:onBackPressed 主人按下返回键啦！！")
        Log.d(TAG,"=======================================")
        finish()
    }

}

activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">


    <fragment
        android:id="@+id/myFragment"
        android:name="com.gxy.firstkotlinproject.MyFragment"
        android:layout_width="200dp"
        android:layout_height="200dp"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        tools:layout="@layout/fragment_my"/>



</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

MyFragment.kt

class MyFragment : Fragment() {

    val TAG = "Test"

    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        Log.d(TAG, "Fragment:onCreate 碎片创建好啦！")
    }

    override fun onCreateView(
        inflater: LayoutInflater, container: ViewGroup?,
        savedInstanceState: Bundle?
    ): View? {
        // Inflate the layout for this fragment
        return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_my, container, false)
    }

    companion object {
        @JvmStatic
        fun newInstance() =
            MyFragment().apply {

            }
    }

    override fun onAttach(context: Context) {
        super.onAttach(context)
        Log.d(TAG, "Fragment:onAttach 碎片依附到Activity中啦")
    }

    override fun onViewCreated(view: View, savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState)
        Log.d(TAG, "Fragment:onViewCreated 碎片视图创建成功")
    }


    override fun onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState)
        Log.d(TAG, "Fragment:onActivityCreated 碎片和活动合体完成")
    }

    override fun onViewStateRestored(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onViewStateRestored(savedInstanceState)
        Log.d(TAG, "Fragment:onViewStateRestored ")
    }


    override fun onCreateAnimation(transit: Int, enter: Boolean, nextAnim: Int): Animation? {
        Log.d(TAG, "Fragment:onCreateAnimation")
        return super.onCreateAnimation(transit, enter, nextAnim)
    }

    override fun onCreateAnimator(transit: Int, enter: Boolean, nextAnim: Int): Animator? {
        Log.d(TAG, "Fragment:onCreateAnimator")
        return super.onCreateAnimator(transit, enter, nextAnim)
    }

    override fun onStart() {
        super.onStart()
        Log.d(TAG, "Fragment:onStart 碎片可见啦")
    }

    override fun onResume() {
        super.onResume()
        Log.d(TAG, "Fragment:onResume 碎片可以交互啦")
    }

    override fun onPause() {
        super.onPause()
        Log.d(TAG, "Fragment:onPause 碎片不能交互了")
    }

    override fun onStop() {
        super.onStop()
        Log.d(TAG, "Fragment:onStop 碎片不可见了")
    }

    override fun onDestroyView() {
        super.onDestroyView()
        Log.d(TAG, "Fragment:onDestroyView 碎片的布局被移除了")
    }

    override fun onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy()
        Log.d(TAG, "Fragment:onDestroy 碎片的状态清理完毕")
    }

    override fun onDetach() {
        super.onDetach()
        Log.d(TAG, "Fragment:onDetach 碎片和活动撇清关系")
    }

fragment_my.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="@android:color/holo_blue_bright"
    tools:context=".MyFragment">

    <!-- TODO: Update blank fragment layout -->
    <TextView
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:text="@string/hello_blank_fragment" />

</FrameLayout>

启动结果截图：

正常按back键：

调用finish()销毁Activity：

1. 过程分析：Fragment首先执行onAttach() 和Activity建立关联，然后开始创建onCreate()，再创建视图onViewCreated()

-> Activity正式创建成功onCreate()

-> Fragment 和Activity合体完成(都创建成功) onActivityCreated ，然后调用onViewStateRestored保存状态

-> Fragment 可见onStart()

-> Activity 可见 onStart()

-> Activity 可交互 onResume()

-> Fragment 可以交互 onResume()

2. 按back键执行顺序是：

-> Fragment 不能交互了onPause

-> Activity 不可交互 onPause()

-> Fragment 不可见了 onStop()

-> Activity 不可见了 onStop()

3. 如果活动销毁了，需要Fragment完全销毁，再销毁Activity：

Fragment 首先执行 onDestroyView() 把Fragment的布局移除了, 然后调用 onDestroy() 状态清理完毕, 然后和Activity撇清关系，解除关联

-> Activity 状态销毁onDestroy()

• Activity 创建的时候，Fragment一同创建，同时Fragment优先在后台先展示好，最后Activity带着Fragment一起展示到前台。
• emo版解释：Activity一直在等Fragment，直到他离开都还在等他走了才走，明明是Fragment先主动靠近、建立关系、创造回忆（关联onAttach、创建onCreate、创建视图onViewCreated），Activity才上头（创建onCreate） …… 离开的时候Fragment却头也不回，放弃回忆、清理痕迹、撇清关系（移除布局onDestroyView、状态清理onDestroy、解除关联onDetach），只剩Activity一人收拾残局（onDestroy）

内部源码解析请参考：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_29966203/article/details/124096543?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502