[C++] 源文件编译过程

1. 编译源文件成机器语言

 Compile the source code.This means running a program that translates the source code to the internal language, called 

"machine language", used by the host computer. The file containing the translated program is the object code for your program.

The compiler generates an object code file with an o extension.

2. 链接机器语言代码和使用的其他库的代码。

Link the object code with additional code. 

For example, C++ programs normally use libraries. A C++ library contains object code for  a collection of computer routines, called functions, to perform tasks such as displaying information onscreen or calculating the square root of a number. 

Linking combines your object code with object code for the functions you use and with some standard startup code to produce a 

runtime version of your program.The file containing this final product is called the executable code.