设计模式之命令模式

命令模式定义：将“请求”封装成对象，以便使用不同的请求、队列或者日志来参数化其他对象。命令模式也支持可撤销操作。

简单定义：封装请求成为对象。

简单例子：

实现命令接口：

Command.java

package headfirst.command.simpleremote;

public interface Command {
	public void execute();
}

实现具体命令：

LightOnCommand.java

package headfirst.command.simpleremote;

public class LightOnCommand implements Command {
	Light light;
  
	public LightOnCommand(Light light) {
		this.light = light;
	}
 
	public void execute() {
		light.on();
	}
}

Light.java

package headfirst.command.simpleremote;

public class Light {

	public Light() {
	}

	public void on() {
		System.out.println("Light is on");
	}

	public void off() {
		System.out.println("Light is off");
	}
}

SimpleRemoteControl.java

package headfirst.command.simpleremote;


//
// This is the invoker
//
public class SimpleRemoteControl {
	Command slot;
 
	public SimpleRemoteControl() {}
 
	public void setCommand(Command command) {
		slot = command;
	}
 
	public void buttonWasPressed() {
		slot.execute();
	}
}

测试：

package headfirst.command.simpleremote;

public class RemoteControlTest {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SimpleRemoteControl remote = new SimpleRemoteControl();
		Light light = new Light();
		LightOnCommand lightOn = new LightOnCommand(light);
 
		remote.setCommand(lightOn);
		remote.buttonWasPressed();
    }
}

输出：Light is on

要实现撤销，只须在接口里加入undo方法，在实现里记录状态，并在调用undo时回到前一个状态即可。