Filter在AbsListView中的使用

       上一篇文章中说到ListAdapter的实现类都实现了Filterable这个接口，这个接口只有一个方法getFilter()，那么这个方法在什么地方被调用的呢？

        翻开AbsListView的源码找到了答案。先看下面两段代码

   /**
     * Sets the initial value for the text filter.
     * @param filterText The text to use for the filter.
     *
     * @see #setTextFilterEnabled
     */
    public void setFilterText(String filterText) {
        // TODO: Should we check for acceptFilter()?
        if (<span style="color:#ff6600;">mTextFilterEnabled</span> && !TextUtils.isEmpty(filterText)) {
            createTextFilter(false);
            // This is going to call our listener onTextChanged, but we might not
            // be ready to bring up a window yet
            <span style="color:#ff6600;">mTextFilter.setText(filterText);
            mTextFilter.setSelection(filterText.length());</span>
            if (mAdapter instanceof Filterable) {
                // if mPopup is non-null, then onTextChanged will do the filtering
                if (mPopup == null) {
                    <span style="color:#ff6600;">Filter f = ((Filterable) mAdapter).getFilter();
                    f.filter(filterText);</span>
                }
                // Set filtered to true so we will display the filter window when our main
                // window is ready
                mFiltered = true;
                mDataSetObserver.clearSavedState();
            }
        }
    }

   /**
     * For our text watcher that is associated with the text filter. Performs
     * the actual filtering as the text changes, and takes care of hiding and
     * showing the popup displaying the currently entered filter text.
     */
    public void onTextChanged(CharSequence s, int start, int before, int count) {
        if (mPopup != null && <span style="color:#ff6600;">isTextFilterEnabled</span>()) {
            int length = s.length();
            boolean showing = mPopup.isShowing();
            if (!showing && length > 0) {
                // Show the filter popup if necessary
                showPopup();
                mFiltered = true;
            } else if (showing && length == 0) {
                // Remove the filter popup if the user has cleared all text
                dismissPopup();
                mFiltered = false;
            }
            if (mAdapter instanceof Filterable) {
                Filter f = ((Filterable) mAdapter).getFilter();
                // Filter should not be null when we reach this part
                if (f != null) {
                    f.filter(s, this);
                } else {
                    throw new IllegalStateException("You cannot call onTextChanged with a non "
                            + "filterable adapter");
                }
            }
        }
    }

        从上面的代码可以看到，要使得设置的Filter对象起作用，需要设置mTextFilterEnabled==true，这个设置需要调用方法setTextFilterEnabled(boolean)进行设置。

        另外，第一段代码中有个mTextFilter是一个EditText对象，这个对象是AbsListView对象的默认权限元素，当设置了mTextFilterEnabled==true和filterText，这两个值后，就会对ListView的列表元素起过滤作用。

       /**
         * Used with type filter window
         */
        EditText mTextFilter;</span>

        以ArrayAdapter为例，执行下面的代码：

        ImageView headerView = new ImageView(this);
        headerView.setImageResource(R.drawable.ic_launcher);
        listView.addHeaderView(headerView);

        ImageView footerView = new ImageView(this);
        footerView.setImageResource(R.drawable.sample);
        listView.addFooterView(footerView,"hello image view",true);

        listView.setAdapter(new ArrayAdapter<String>(this,android.R.layout.simple_list_item_checked,
                new String[]{"孙悟空","猪八戒","沙僧","唐僧","孙悟空","猪八戒","沙僧","唐僧","孙悟空","猪八戒","沙僧","唐僧"}));

        listView.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> adapterView, View view, int i, long l) {
                Toast.makeText(MyActivity.this, "点击了第" + i + "项", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            }
        });

        listView.setTextFilterEnabled(true);
        listView.setFilterText("孙悟空");

执行结果如下图所示，显示了mTextFilter对象，并且过滤掉所有不包含filterText--“孙悟空”的所有列表项，如果不需要过滤可以调用clearTextFilter()方法。 ArrayAdapter的Filter类动作定义见上一篇文章最后贴出的代码 。

        另外，代码里调用了filter(CharSequence)和filter(CharSequence, FilterListener)两个方法，这两个方法是在抽象类Filter中实现的，Filter抽象类的源码在下面贴出来作为参考：

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2007 The Android Open Source Project
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package android.widget;

import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.HandlerThread;
import android.os.Looper;
import android.os.Message;
import android.util.Log;

/**
 * <p>A filter constrains data with a filtering pattern.</p>
 *
 * <p>Filters are usually created by {@link android.widget.Filterable}
 * classes.</p>
 *
 * <p>Filtering operations performed by calling {@link #filter(CharSequence)} or
 * {@link #filter(CharSequence, android.widget.Filter.FilterListener)} are
 * performed asynchronously. When these methods are called, a filtering request
 * is posted in a request queue and processed later. Any call to one of these
 * methods will cancel any previous non-executed filtering request.</p>
 *
 * @see android.widget.Filterable
 */
public abstract class Filter {
    private static final String LOG_TAG = "Filter";
    
    private static final String THREAD_NAME = "Filter";
    private static final int FILTER_TOKEN = 0xD0D0F00D;
    private static final int FINISH_TOKEN = 0xDEADBEEF;

    private Handler mThreadHandler;
    private Handler mResultHandler;

    private Delayer mDelayer;

    private final Object mLock = new Object();

    /**
     * <p>Creates a new asynchronous filter.</p>
     */
    public Filter() {
        mResultHandler = new ResultsHandler();
    }

    /**
     * Provide an interface that decides how long to delay the message for a given query.  Useful
     * for heuristics such as posting a delay for the delete key to avoid doing any work while the
     * user holds down the delete key.
     *
     * @param delayer The delayer.
     * @hide
     */
    public void setDelayer(Delayer delayer) {
        synchronized (mLock) {
            mDelayer = delayer;
        }
    }

    /**
     * <p>Starts an asynchronous filtering operation. Calling this method
     * cancels all previous non-executed filtering requests and posts a new
     * filtering request that will be executed later.</p>
     *
     * @param constraint the constraint used to filter the data
     *
     * @see #filter(CharSequence, android.widget.Filter.FilterListener)
     */
    public final void filter(CharSequence constraint) {
        filter(constraint, null);
    }

    /**
     * <p>Starts an asynchronous filtering operation. Calling this method
     * cancels all previous non-executed filtering requests and posts a new
     * filtering request that will be executed later.</p>
     *
     * <p>Upon completion, the listener is notified.</p>
     *
     * @param constraint the constraint used to filter the data
     * @param listener a listener notified upon completion of the operation
     *
     * @see #filter(CharSequence)
     * @see #performFiltering(CharSequence)
     * @see #publishResults(CharSequence, android.widget.Filter.FilterResults)
     */
    public final void filter(CharSequence constraint, FilterListener listener) {
        synchronized (mLock) {
            if (mThreadHandler == null) {
                HandlerThread thread = new HandlerThread(
                        THREAD_NAME, android.os.Process.THREAD_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND);
                thread.start();
                mThreadHandler = new RequestHandler(thread.getLooper());
            }

            final long delay = (mDelayer == null) ? 0 : mDelayer.getPostingDelay(constraint);
            
            Message message = mThreadHandler.obtainMessage(FILTER_TOKEN);
    
            RequestArguments args = new RequestArguments();
            // make sure we use an immutable copy of the constraint, so that
            // it doesn't change while the filter operation is in progress
            args.constraint = constraint != null ? constraint.toString() : null;
            args.listener = listener;
            message.obj = args;
    
            mThreadHandler.removeMessages(FILTER_TOKEN);
            mThreadHandler.removeMessages(FINISH_TOKEN);
            mThreadHandler.sendMessageDelayed(message, delay);
        }
    }

    /**
     * <p>Invoked in a worker thread to filter the data according to the
     * constraint. Subclasses must implement this method to perform the
     * filtering operation. Results computed by the filtering operation
     * must be returned as a {@link android.widget.Filter.FilterResults} that
     * will then be published in the UI thread through
     * {@link #publishResults(CharSequence,
     * android.widget.Filter.FilterResults)}.</p>
     *
     * <p><strong>Contract:</strong> When the constraint is null, the original
     * data must be restored.</p>
     *
     * @param constraint the constraint used to filter the data
     * @return the results of the filtering operation
     *
     * @see #filter(CharSequence, android.widget.Filter.FilterListener)
     * @see #publishResults(CharSequence, android.widget.Filter.FilterResults)
     * @see android.widget.Filter.FilterResults
     */
    protected abstract FilterResults performFiltering(CharSequence constraint);

    /**
     * <p>Invoked in the UI thread to publish the filtering results in the
     * user interface. Subclasses must implement this method to display the
     * results computed in {@link #performFiltering}.</p>
     *
     * @param constraint the constraint used to filter the data
     * @param results the results of the filtering operation
     *
     * @see #filter(CharSequence, android.widget.Filter.FilterListener)
     * @see #performFiltering(CharSequence)
     * @see android.widget.Filter.FilterResults
     */
    protected abstract void publishResults(CharSequence constraint,
            FilterResults results);

    /**
     * <p>Converts a value from the filtered set into a CharSequence. Subclasses
     * should override this method to convert their results. The default
     * implementation returns an empty String for null values or the default
     * String representation of the value.</p>
     *
     * @param resultValue the value to convert to a CharSequence
     * @return a CharSequence representing the value
     */
    public CharSequence convertResultToString(Object resultValue) {
        return resultValue == null ? "" : resultValue.toString();
    }

    /**
     * <p>Holds the results of a filtering operation. The results are the values
     * computed by the filtering operation and the number of these values.</p>
     */
    protected static class FilterResults {
        public FilterResults() {
            // nothing to see here
        }

        /**
         * <p>Contains all the values computed by the filtering operation.</p>
         */
        public Object values;

        /**
         * <p>Contains the number of values computed by the filtering
         * operation.</p>
         */
        public int count;
    }

    /**
     * <p>Listener used to receive a notification upon completion of a filtering
     * operation.</p>
     */
    public static interface FilterListener {
        /**
         * <p>Notifies the end of a filtering operation.</p>
         *
         * @param count the number of values computed by the filter
         */
        public void onFilterComplete(int count);
    }

    /**
     * <p>Worker thread handler. When a new filtering request is posted from
     * {@link android.widget.Filter#filter(CharSequence, android.widget.Filter.FilterListener)},
     * it is sent to this handler.</p>
     */
    private class RequestHandler extends Handler {
        public RequestHandler(Looper looper) {
            super(looper);
        }
        
        /**
         * <p>Handles filtering requests by calling
         * {@link Filter#performFiltering} and then sending a message
         * with the results to the results handler.</p>
         *
         * @param msg the filtering request
         */
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            int what = msg.what;
            Message message;
            switch (what) {
                case FILTER_TOKEN:
                    RequestArguments args = (RequestArguments) msg.obj;
                    try {
                        args.results = performFiltering(args.constraint);
                    } catch (Exception e) {
                        args.results = new FilterResults();
                        Log.w(LOG_TAG, "An exception occured during performFiltering()!", e);
                    } finally {
                        message = mResultHandler.obtainMessage(what);
                        message.obj = args;
                        message.sendToTarget();
                    }

                    synchronized (mLock) {
                        if (mThreadHandler != null) {
                            Message finishMessage = mThreadHandler.obtainMessage(FINISH_TOKEN);
                            mThreadHandler.sendMessageDelayed(finishMessage, 3000);
                        }
                    }
                    break;
                case FINISH_TOKEN:
                    synchronized (mLock) {
                        if (mThreadHandler != null) {
                            mThreadHandler.getLooper().quit();
                            mThreadHandler = null;
                        }
                    }
                    break;
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * <p>Handles the results of a filtering operation. The results are
     * handled in the UI thread.</p>
     */
    private class ResultsHandler extends Handler {
        /**
         * <p>Messages received from the request handler are processed in the
         * UI thread. The processing involves calling
         * {@link Filter#publishResults(CharSequence,
         * android.widget.Filter.FilterResults)}
         * to post the results back in the UI and then notifying the listener,
         * if any.</p> 
         *
         * @param msg the filtering results
         */
        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            RequestArguments args = (RequestArguments) msg.obj;

            publishResults(args.constraint, args.results);
            if (args.listener != null) {
                int count = args.results != null ? args.results.count : -1;
                args.listener.onFilterComplete(count);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * <p>Holds the arguments of a filtering request as well as the results
     * of the request.</p>
     */
    private static class RequestArguments {
        /**
         * <p>The constraint used to filter the data.</p>
         */
        CharSequence constraint;

        /**
         * <p>The listener to notify upon completion. Can be null.</p>
         */
        FilterListener listener;

        /**
         * <p>The results of the filtering operation.</p>
         */
        FilterResults results;
    }

    /**
     * @hide
     */
    public interface Delayer {

        /**
         * @param constraint The constraint passed to {@link Filter#filter(CharSequence)}
         * @return The delay that should be used for
         *         {@link Handler#sendMessageDelayed(android.os.Message, long)}
         */
        long getPostingDelay(CharSequence constraint);
    }
}