在项目开发过程中,经常会有依赖冲突,比如依赖传递时,使用了不同版本的构件,这时候需要特别处理,其方法如下。
依赖冲突,解决优先原则分为:1, 短路优先原则(路径不同); 2,先声明先优先(路径相同)
1。短路优先原则(适用于路径不相同的情况)
我们分别创建3个maven工程A、B、C,同时C依赖于B,B依赖于A, C -> B -> A,并且A引用依赖commons-io-2.4.jar,B引用依赖commons-io-2.0.jar,修改各工程的pom文件分别如下,
发现C就近短路优先依赖使用commons-io-2.0.jar。
A工程pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.bamboo</groupId>
<artifactId>DependConflict-A</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>DependConflict-A</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- A依赖commons-io-2.4版本 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
B工程pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.bamboo</groupId>
<artifactId>DependConflict-B</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>DependConflict-B</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- B依赖于A -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.bamboo</groupId>
<artifactId>DependConflict-A</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 同时B依赖commons-io-2.0版本 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>2.0</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
C工程pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.bamboo</groupId>
<artifactId>DependConflict-C</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>DependConflict-C</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- C依赖于B -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.bamboo</groupId>
<artifactId>DependConflict-B</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
编译完成以后,发现C工程依赖的是B工程里的common-io版本。由此验证说明依赖冲突在路径不相同的情况下,使用短路优先的原则。如下图。
2。先声明先优先(适用于路径相同)
同样使用上面三个工程做稍微的修改, 修为为C同时依赖A、B,并且把B对A的依赖删除(为了使路径相同),此时A工程的pom不做修改,B、C的pom.xml修改如下:
B工程pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.bamboo</groupId>
<artifactId>DependConflict-B</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>DependConflict-B</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- 同时B依赖commons-io-2.0版本 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>2.0</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
C工程pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.bamboo</groupId>
<artifactId>DependConflict-C</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>DependConflict-C</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- C依赖于A -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.bamboo</groupId>
<artifactId>DependConflict-A</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
<!-- C依赖于B -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.bamboo</groupId>
<artifactId>DependConflict-B</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
编译完成以后,发现C工程依赖的是A工程里的common-io版本。因为在C的pom文件中,先声明A工程的依赖,由此验证说明依赖冲突在路径相同的情况下,使用先声明先优先依赖原则。如下图。