超详细项目-限流注解

一：项目结构图

二、项目构成

2.1 pom文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.6.7</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>org.javaboy.org.javaboy.rate_limiter</groupId>
    <artifactId>org.javaboy.rate_limiter</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>org.javaboy.rate_limiter</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

2.2 lua脚本

local key = KEYS[1]
local time = tonumber(ARGV[1])
local count = tonumber(ARGV[2])
local current = redis.call('get', key)
if current and tonumber(current) > count then
    return tonumber(current)
end
current = redis.call('incr', key)
if tonumber(current) == 1 then
    redis.call('expire', key, time)
end
return tonumber(current)

2.3 application.properties文件

server.port=8888
spring.redis.host=124.221.94.111
spring.redis.port=6379
spring.redis.password=123456

2.4 annotation包下-RateLimiter注解

package org.javaboy.rate_limiter.annotation;


import org.javaboy.rate_limiter.enums.LimitType;

import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;

/**
 * @author zhangkai
 * @data 2022/12/1 21:31
 * 描述：限流注解
 */
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.METHOD)
public @interface RateLimiter {

    /**
     * 限流的key, 主要是指前缀
     * @return
     */
    String key() default "rate_limit";

    /**
     * 限流时间窗
     * @return
     */
    int time() default 60;

    /**
     * 在时间窗内的限流次数
     * @return
     */
    int count() default  100;

    /**
     * 限流类型
     * @return
     */
    LimitType limitType() default LimitType.DEFAULT;


}

2.5、aspectj包下-RateLimiterAspectj

package org.javaboy.rate_limiter.aspectj;

import org.aopalliance.intercept.Joinpoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before;
import org.aspectj.lang.reflect.MethodSignature;
import org.javaboy.rate_limiter.annotation.RateLimiter;
import org.javaboy.rate_limiter.enums.LimitType;
import org.javaboy.rate_limiter.exception.RateLimitException;
import org.javaboy.rate_limiter.utils.IpUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.script.RedisScript;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextHolder;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.ServletRequestAttributes;

import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.Collections;

/**
 * @author zhangkai
 * @data 2022/12/1 21:56
 * 描述：
 */
@Aspect
@Component
public class RateLimiterAspectj {
    private static final Logger  logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RateLimiterAspectj.class);

    @Autowired
    RedisTemplate<Object,Object> redisTemplate;

    @Autowired
    RedisScript<Long> redisScript;

    @Before("@annotation(rateLimiter)")
    public void before(JoinPoint jp , RateLimiter rateLimiter)throws RateLimitException{
        int time = rateLimiter.time();
        int count = rateLimiter.count();
        String combineKey = getCombineKey(rateLimiter, jp);

        try {
            Long number = redisTemplate.execute(redisScript, Collections.singletonList(combineKey),
                    time, count);
            if (number == null || number.intValue() > count) {
                logger.info("当前接口达到最大限流次数");
                throw new RateLimitException("访问太频繁，一会在访问");
            }
            logger.info("一个时间窗内请求次数：{}，当前请求次数：{}，缓存的 key 为 {}", count, number, combineKey);
        }catch (Exception e){
            throw e;
        }



    }

    /**
     * 这个 key 其实就是接口调用次数缓存在 redis 的 key
     * rate_limit:11.11.11.11-org.javaboy.ratelimit.controller.HelloController-hello
     * rate_limit:org.javaboy.ratelimit.controller.HelloController-hello
     * @param rateLimiter
     * @param jp
     * @return
     */
    private String getCombineKey(RateLimiter rateLimiter, JoinPoint jp) {
        StringBuffer key = new StringBuffer(rateLimiter.key());
        if (rateLimiter.limitType() == LimitType.IP) {
            key.append(IpUtils.getIpAddr((
                    (ServletRequestAttributes)
                            RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes()).getRequest()))
                    .append("-");
        }
        MethodSignature signature = (MethodSignature) jp.getSignature();
        Method method = signature.getMethod();
        key.append(method.getDeclaringClass().getName())
                .append("-")
                .append(method.getName());
        return key.toString();
    }

}

2.6、config包下-RedisConfig

package org.javaboy.rate_limiter.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.script.DefaultRedisScript;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.scripting.support.ResourceScriptSource;

/**
 * @author zhangkai
 * @data 2022/12/1 21:47
 * 描述：redis配置
 */
@Configuration
public class RedisConfig {

    /**
     * 设置序列化方式
     * @param redisConnectionFactory
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    RedisTemplate<Object,Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory){
        RedisTemplate<Object, Object> template = new RedisTemplate<>();
        template.setConnectionFactory(redisConnectionFactory);
        Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer<Object> serializer = new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer<Object>(Object.class);
        template.setKeySerializer(serializer);
        template.setHashKeySerializer(serializer);
        template.setValueSerializer(serializer);
        template.setHashValueSerializer(serializer);
        return template;
    }

    /**
     * 执行lua脚本
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    DefaultRedisScript<Long> limitScript() {
        DefaultRedisScript<Long> script = new DefaultRedisScript<>();
        script.setResultType(Long.class);
        script.setScriptSource(new ResourceScriptSource(new ClassPathResource("lua/limit.lua")));
        return script;
    }


}

2.7、enums包下的-LimitType

package org.javaboy.rate_limiter.enums;

/**
 * 限流的类型
 */
public enum LimitType {

    /**
     * 默认的限流策略，针对某一个接口进行限流
     */
    DEFAULT,
    /**
     * 针对某一个 IP 进行限流
     */
    IP
}

2.8、exception包下定义的异常类

2.8.1 RateLimiterException

package org.javaboy.rate_limiter.exception;

/**
 * @author zhangkai
 * @data 2022/12/1 22:34
 * 描述：
 */
public class RateLimitException extends Exception{
    public RateLimitException(String message){
        super(message);
    }
}

2.8.2 GlobalExceptio

package org.javaboy.rate_limiter.exception;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestControllerAdvice;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @author zhangkai
 * @data 2022/12/1 22:36
 * 描述：
 */
@RestControllerAdvice
public class GlobalException {

    @ExceptionHandler(RateLimitException.class)
    public Map<String, Object> rateLimitException(RateLimitException e) {
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put("status", 500);
        map.put("message", e.getStackTrace());
        return map;
    }
}

2.9、utils工具类，获取ip

package org.javaboy.rate_limiter.exception;
package org.javaboy.rate_limiter.utils;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

/**
 * 获取IP方法
 *
 * @author tienchin
 */
public class IpUtils {
    /**
     * 获取客户端IP
     *
     * @param request 请求对象
     * @return IP地址
     */
    public static String getIpAddr(HttpServletRequest request) {
        if (request == null) {
            return "unknown";
        }
        String ip = request.getHeader("x-forwarded-for");
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
            ip = request.getHeader("Proxy-Client-IP");
        }
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
            ip = request.getHeader("X-Forwarded-For");
        }
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
            ip = request.getHeader("WL-Proxy-Client-IP");
        }
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
            ip = request.getHeader("X-Real-IP");
        }

        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
            ip = request.getRemoteAddr();
        }

        return "0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1".equals(ip) ? "127.0.0.1" : getMultistageReverseProxyIp(ip);
    }

    /**
     * 检查是否为内部IP地址
     *
     * @param ip IP地址
     * @return 结果
     */
    public static boolean internalIp(String ip) {
        byte[] addr = textToNumericFormatV4(ip);
        return internalIp(addr) || "127.0.0.1".equals(ip);
    }

    /**
     * 检查是否为内部IP地址
     *
     * @param addr byte地址
     * @return 结果
     */
    private static boolean internalIp(byte[] addr) {
        if (addr == null || addr.length < 2) {
            return true;
        }
        final byte b0 = addr[0];
        final byte b1 = addr[1];
        // 10.x.x.x/8
        final byte SECTION_1 = 0x0A;
        // 172.16.x.x/12
        final byte SECTION_2 = (byte) 0xAC;
        final byte SECTION_3 = (byte) 0x10;
        final byte SECTION_4 = (byte) 0x1F;
        // 192.168.x.x/16
        final byte SECTION_5 = (byte) 0xC0;
        final byte SECTION_6 = (byte) 0xA8;
        switch (b0) {
            case SECTION_1:
                return true;
            case SECTION_2:
                if (b1 >= SECTION_3 && b1 <= SECTION_4) {
                    return true;
                }
            case SECTION_5:
                switch (b1) {
                    case SECTION_6:
                        return true;
                }
            default:
                return false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 将IPv4地址转换成字节
     *
     * @param text IPv4地址
     * @return byte 字节
     */
    public static byte[] textToNumericFormatV4(String text) {
        if (text.length() == 0) {
            return null;
        }

        byte[] bytes = new byte[4];
        String[] elements = text.split("\\.", -1);
        try {
            long l;
            int i;
            switch (elements.length) {
                case 1:
                    l = Long.parseLong(elements[0]);
                    if ((l < 0L) || (l > 4294967295L)) {
                        return null;
                    }
                    bytes[0] = (byte) (int) (l >> 24 & 0xFF);
                    bytes[1] = (byte) (int) ((l & 0xFFFFFF) >> 16 & 0xFF);
                    bytes[2] = (byte) (int) ((l & 0xFFFF) >> 8 & 0xFF);
                    bytes[3] = (byte) (int) (l & 0xFF);
                    break;
                case 2:
                    l = Integer.parseInt(elements[0]);
                    if ((l < 0L) || (l > 255L)) {
                        return null;
                    }
                    bytes[0] = (byte) (int) (l & 0xFF);
                    l = Integer.parseInt(elements[1]);
                    if ((l < 0L) || (l > 16777215L)) {
                        return null;
                    }
                    bytes[1] = (byte) (int) (l >> 16 & 0xFF);
                    bytes[2] = (byte) (int) ((l & 0xFFFF) >> 8 & 0xFF);
                    bytes[3] = (byte) (int) (l & 0xFF);
                    break;
                case 3:
                    for (i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
                        l = Integer.parseInt(elements[i]);
                        if ((l < 0L) || (l > 255L)) {
                            return null;
                        }
                        bytes[i] = (byte) (int) (l & 0xFF);
                    }
                    l = Integer.parseInt(elements[2]);
                    if ((l < 0L) || (l > 65535L)) {
                        return null;
                    }
                    bytes[2] = (byte) (int) (l >> 8 & 0xFF);
                    bytes[3] = (byte) (int) (l & 0xFF);
                    break;
                case 4:
                    for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
                        l = Integer.parseInt(elements[i]);
                        if ((l < 0L) || (l > 255L)) {
                            return null;
                        }
                        bytes[i] = (byte) (int) (l & 0xFF);
                    }
                    break;
                default:
                    return null;
            }
        } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
            return null;
        }
        return bytes;
    }

    /**
     * 获取IP地址
     *
     * @return 本地IP地址
     */
    public static String getHostIp() {
        try {
            return InetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostAddress();
        } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
        }
        return "127.0.0.1";
    }

    /**
     * 获取主机名
     *
     * @return 本地主机名
     */
    public static String getHostName() {
        try {
            return InetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostName();
        } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
        }
        return "未知";
    }

    /**
     * 从多级反向代理中获得第一个非unknown IP地址
     *
     * @param ip 获得的IP地址
     * @return 第一个非unknown IP地址
     */
    public static String getMultistageReverseProxyIp(String ip) {
        // 多级反向代理检测
        if (ip != null && ip.indexOf(",") > 0) {
            final String[] ips = ip.trim().split(",");
            for (String subIp : ips) {
                if (false == isUnknown(subIp)) {
                    ip = subIp;
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        return ip;
    }

    /**
     * 检测给定字符串是否为未知，多用于检测HTTP请求相关
     *
     * @param checkString 被检测的字符串
     * @return 是否未知
     */
    public static boolean isUnknown(String checkString) {
        return checkString == null || checkString.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(checkString);
    }
}

三、测试