if
if-elif-else结构(else可省略)
# 判断一个元素是否在list中:in、not in
numbers = list(range(10))
if 2 in numbers:
print('2')
elif 3 not in numbers:
print('3')
else:
print('no')
# 判断为空
x = None
x = ""
x = 0
x = []
if x:
print(True)
else:
print(False)
if 省略判断
if x: # True
...
if !x: # False
False:
- None
- 0
- False
- ‘’
- []、()、{}
建议,除了x为bool类型,其余最好显示具体的判断条件,不要省略,如 if x==0:
while
循环:for、while
操作:continue、break
# 输入循环
s = ''
while s != 'exit':
s = input('Please input: ')
print(s)
# 标志循环
tag = True
while tag:
print(tag)
tag = False
# 删除list中的所有特定元素
numbers = [1, 2, 3, 2, 3, 2, 4]
while 2 in numbers:
numbers.remove(2)
print(numbers)
条件与循环并作一行
li = [x**2 if x%2==0 else None for x in range(10)] # 偶数则平方,奇数则为None
print(li) # [0, None, 4, None, 16, None, 36, None, 64, None]
# 没有else
li = [x**2 for x in range(10) if x%2==0 ] # 偶数则平方
print(li) # [0, 4, 16, 36, 64]