在实际项目运维或者测试过程中,nginx作为web服务器,亦或者是代理服务都是必须要掌握的知识。而且作为主流高性能的HTTP和反向代理服务器使用率那是异常广泛,市场占有率更是超高,因此基本的使用和配置是高阶开发者必须掌握的技能之一。
详细的安装配置请认真以下步骤即可:
一.首先在官网下载并解压对应版本的nginx压缩包
可以使用wget直接下载到对应的服务器路径下,如果没有网络环境的情况下,提前下载后上传至对应的路径。
如下图所示,1.20.2的nginx安装包我已上传到对应的路径,且使用解压命令已解压
##解压
tar -zxvf nginx-1.20.2.tar.gz
二.安装编译环境
依次执行如下命令,安装编译环境,有报错时按照系统提示信息处理即可。
sudo apt-get install gcc
sudo apt-get install libpcre3 libpcre3-dev
sudo apt-get install zlib1g zlib1g-dev
sudo apt-get install openssl openssl-dev
三.执行安装
进入到nginx安装解压目录后,依次执行以下命令即可安装成功。
##进入安装目录
cd /home/wp/java/util/nginx/nginx-1.20.2
#执行安装
./configure
make
make install
执行安装完成后,可以使用如下命令查看nginx安装路径
whereis nginx
四.启动nginx并测试
如上图所示,进入/usr/local/nginx/sbin/目录下,执行如下命令即可启动成功,相关启动日志在
/usr/local/nginx/logs/ 下查看
##启动nginx
./nginx
##查看日志
cd ../logs
cat access.log
五.nginx配置文件说明及前段项目配置访问
1.前端项目配置信息
按照如下修改指定web项目参数即可,其他位置无需修改。
2.nginx配置文件项目说明
设置前段项目和websocket访问,具体请看nginx配置注释说明。
#user nobody;
worker_processes 1;
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
charset utf-8;
#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
###websocket必须加下面这段的参数映射
map $http_upgrade $connection_upgrade {
default upgrade;
'' close;
}
server {
###监听的端口
listen 8088;
server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location / {
###alias配置的路径后面必须有"/",此路径是vue项目打包解压后的目录
alias /home/wp/java/coal/web/dist/;
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html last;
index index.html index.htm;
}
location /show {
###如果通过http://localhost:8088/show访问前段时,默认会寻找root的路径下show文件夹
###也就是/home/wp/java/coal/show/必须存在
root /home/wp/java/coal;
index index.html index.htm;
}
location /test_api/ {
###前段通过/test_api/访问后端接口时,会全部指向后台的url
proxy_pass http://localhost:10080/;
###websocket必须加下面这段的参数映射
proxy_http_version 1.1;
proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
proxy_set_header Connection $connection_upgrade;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
###proxy_read_timeout表明连接成功以后等待服务器响应的时候,如果不配置默认为60s;
proxy_read_timeout 1000;
proxy_send_timeout 1000;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}
# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
# HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443 ssl;
# server_name localhost;
# ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;
# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
# ssl_session_timeout 5m;
# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
}
3.需要特别注意如下图片中的配置信息
websocket长连接配置需要特别注意以下几点信息:
详细说明请参考:https://blog.csdn.net/sdgfafg_25/article/details/134555012
六.nginx设置加入开机自启动
https://www.cnblogs.com/shuangxingxitong/p/14812492.html
其他相关资料参看如下链接: