跨程序共享数据-探究内容提供器（contentprovider&contentResover）(Recycleview 实例）

首先要创建一个数据库 对其进行增 、删、改、查
这里 我先创建3个
1，适配器 （Recycleview ） （先在build.gradle里导包）

    compile 'com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:26.1.0'

2，Maintivity；
3，创建数据库MySQLiteHelper

在Maintivity里 我们对数据库进行了创建表 和 数据库的查询，添加，随机

package com.example.myapplication13;

import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.Toast;

import com.example.myapplication13.adaper.Myadaper;
import com.example.myapplication13.db.MySQLiteHelper;
import com.example.myapplication13.entity.Myedityclass;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener{
    private MySQLiteHelper myHelper;
    private Button creat_btn;
    private EditText edit_tianjia;
    private  Button btn_tianjia;
    private RecyclerView recyclerView;
    private  Button suiji;
    private  Button quanbu;
    private List<Myedityclass>  myedityclassList=new ArrayList<>();
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
       binID();
        myHelper = new MySQLiteHelper(this, "student.db", null, 1);
        LinearLayoutManager layoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(MainActivity.this);
        recyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);



    }

    private void binID() {
        creat_btn=findViewById(R.id.creat_btn);
        edit_tianjia=findViewById(R.id.edit_tianjia);
        btn_tianjia=findViewById(R.id.btn_tianjia);
        recyclerView=findViewById(R.id.main_recyc_view);
        suiji=findViewById(R.id.suiji);
        quanbu=findViewById(R.id.quanbu);
        creat_btn.setOnClickListener(this);
        edit_tianjia.setOnClickListener(this);
        btn_tianjia.setOnClickListener(this);
        recyclerView.setOnClickListener(this);
        suiji.setOnClickListener(this);
        quanbu.setOnClickListener(this);
    }


    @Override
    public void onClick(View view) {
        switch (view.getId()){
            case  R.id.creat_btn:
            //创建表
                myHelper.getWritableDatabase();
                break;
            case  R.id.btn_tianjia:
                 SQLiteDatabase sqldb = myHelper.getWritableDatabase();
                ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
                values.put("name", edit_tianjia.getText().toString());
                sqldb.insert("student", null, values);
                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"添加成功",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                break;
//列表里随机出现一条数据库信息
                myedityclassList.clear();
                SQLiteDatabase  sqldb1 = myHelper.getReadableDatabase();
                Cursor mcursor = sqldb1.query("student"+" ORDER BY RANDOM() LIMIT 1",null,null,null, null, null, null);
                if (mcursor.moveToFirst()) {
                    //遍历
                    do {
                        String name = mcursor.getString(mcursor.getColumnIndex("name"));
                        int id = mcursor.getInt(mcursor.getColumnIndex("id"));
                        Log.e("MainActivity", "onClick: " + name);
                        Myedityclass myedityclass=new Myedityclass(name,id);
                        myedityclassList.add(myedityclass);
                        Myadaper adaper = new Myadaper(myedityclassList,MainActivity.this);
                        recyclerView.setAdapter(adaper);
                    } while (mcursor.moveToNext());
                }
                mcursor.close();



                break;
            case  R.id.quanbu:
            //全部显示数据库信息
                myedityclassList.clear();
                SQLiteDatabase  sqldb2 = myHelper.getReadableDatabase();
                Cursor mcursor1 = sqldb2.query("student",null,null,null, null, null, null);
                if (mcursor1.moveToFirst()) {
                    //遍历
                    do {
                        String name = mcursor1.getString(mcursor1.getColumnIndex("name"));
                        int id = mcursor1.getInt(mcursor1.getColumnIndex("id"));
                        Log.e("MainActivity", "onClick: " + name);
                        Myedityclass myedityclass=new Myedityclass(name,id);
                        myedityclassList.add(myedityclass);
                        Myadaper adaper = new Myadaper(myedityclassList,MainActivity.this);
                        recyclerView.setAdapter(adaper);
                    } while (mcursor1.moveToNext());
                }
                mcursor1.close();



                break;
            default:
                break;

        }
    }
}

xml布局：（这里我用的是recycleview来 获取查询）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context="com.example.myapplication13.MainActivity">
<Button
    android:text="创建"
    android:id="@+id/creat_btn"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="50dp" />
   <LinearLayout
       android:layout_below="@id/creat_btn"
       android:id="@+id/main22"
       android:layout_gravity="center"
       android:orientation="horizontal"
       android:layout_width="match_parent"
       android:layout_height="50dp">
          <EditText
          android:background="@drawable/search_edit"
          android:gravity="center"
          android:hint="请输入添加内容"
          android:id="@+id/edit_tianjia"
          android:layout_width="0dp"
          android:layout_height="50dp"
              android:layout_weight="1"
              />
       <Button
           android:id="@+id/btn_tianjia"
           android:text="添加"
           android:layout_width="wrap_content"
           android:layout_height="50dp" />

   </LinearLayout>


  <android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView
      android:layout_width="match_parent"
      android:layout_height="match_parent"
      android:id="@+id/main_recyc_view"
      android:layout_below="@id/main22"
      android:layout_above="@id/main_11"
      >
  </android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView>

    <LinearLayout

        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
        android:id="@+id/main_11"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="50dp">
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/suiji"
            android:text="随机显示"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:layout_height="50dp" />
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/quanbu"
            android:text="全部列出"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:layout_height="50dp" />

    </LinearLayout>
</RelativeLayout>

效果图：

给Recycleview 一个行布局：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="50dp"
    android:orientation="horizontal">


    <TextView
        android:layout_gravity="center"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="我是一只小小鸟"
        android:background="@drawable/title_bg"
        android:id="@+id/edit_name"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:layout_height="40dp"

        android:textSize="20dp" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_delet"
        android:layout_width="60dp"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
        android:text="删除" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_xiugai"
        android:layout_width="60dp"
        android:layout_height="50dp"

        android:text="修改" />
</LinearLayout>

效果图：

创建数据库的类 继承SQLiteOpenHelper：

package com.example.myapplication13.db;

import android.content.Context;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper;
import android.widget.Toast;

/**
 * Created by lenovo on 2018/3/27.
 */
public class MySQLiteHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {
    private String createSQL = "create table student(" +
            "id integer primary key autoincrement not null  ," +
            "name text  )";

    private Context context;
    public MySQLiteHelper(Context context, String name, SQLiteDatabase.CursorFactory factory, int version) {
        super(context, name, factory, version);
        this.context = context;
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase sqLiteDatabase) {
        sqLiteDatabase.execSQL(createSQL);
        Toast.makeText(context,"成功",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }

    @Override
    public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase sqLiteDatabase, int i, int i1) {

    }
}

在适配器里面 填写 数据库的删除与修改：

package com.example.myapplication13.adaper;


import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.content.Context;

import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;

import android.support.v7.app.AlertDialog;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

import com.example.myapplication13.MainActivity;
import com.example.myapplication13.db.MySQLiteHelper;
import com.example.myapplication13.R;
import com.example.myapplication13.entity.Myedityclass;

import java.util.List;

import static android.content.ContentValues.TAG;

/**
 * Created by lenovo on 2018/3/27.
 */

public class Myadaper extends RecyclerView.Adapter<Myadaper.ViewHolder> {
    private List<Myedityclass> qmyedityclassList;
    private Context context;

    public Myadaper(List<Myedityclass> myedityclassList, Context context) {
        this.qmyedityclassList = myedityclassList;
        this.context = context;
    }


    static class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
        TextView edit_name;
        Button btn_delet;
        Button btn_xiugai;


        public ViewHolder(View itemView) {
            super(itemView);
            edit_name = itemView.findViewById(R.id.edit_name);
            btn_delet = itemView.findViewById(R.id.btn_delet);
            btn_xiugai = itemView.findViewById(R.id.btn_xiugai);

        }
    }


    @Override
    public Myadaper.ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, final int viewType) {
        View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.layout_item, parent, false);
        ViewHolder holder = new ViewHolder(view);
        return holder;
    }


    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(Myadaper.ViewHolder holder, final int position) {
        Myedityclass myedityclass = qmyedityclassList.get(position);
        holder.edit_name.setText(myedityclass.getName());
        holder.btn_delet.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                inint(position);
            }
            private void inint(final int position) {
                android.app.AlertDialog.Builder builder = new android.app.AlertDialog.Builder(context);
                builder.setTitle("删除提醒");
                builder.setMessage("你确定要删除" + qmyedityclassList.get(position).getName() + "吗");
                builder.setPositiveButton("确定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {
                        MySQLiteHelper mySQLiteHelper = new MySQLiteHelper(context, "student.db", null, 1);
                        SQLiteDatabase sqLiteDatabase = mySQLiteHelper.getWritableDatabase();
                        sqLiteDatabase.delete("student", "name=?", new String[]{qmyedityclassList.get(position).getName()});
                        qmyedityclassList.remove(position);
                        notifyDataSetChanged();
                    }
                });
                builder.setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {
                    }
                });
                builder.show();
            }
        });
        holder.btn_xiugai.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                imimt(position);
            }
            private void imimt(final int position) {
                final EditText editText = new EditText(context);
                AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(context);
                builder.setTitle("修改" + qmyedityclassList.get(position).getName());
                builder.setView(editText);
                builder.setPositiveButton("确定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {

                        MySQLiteHelper mySQLiteHelper = new MySQLiteHelper(context, "student.db", null, 1);
                        SQLiteDatabase sqLiteDatabase = mySQLiteHelper.getWritableDatabase();
                        ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
                        values.put("name", editText.getText().toString());
                        sqLiteDatabase.update("student", values, "name=?", new String[]{qmyedityclassList.get(position).getName()});
                        qmyedityclassList.get(position).setName(editText.getText().toString());
                        notifyDataSetChanged();
                        Toast.makeText(context, "修改成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    }
                });
                builder.setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {

                    }
                });
                builder.show();
            }
        });
    }
    @Override
    public int getItemCount() {
        return qmyedityclassList.size();
    }
}

实现的效果如图：

数据库一些操作完成 ，我们现在就完成app之间的通信，在此之前，我们要了解一下 创建 内容提供器的步骤：

我们通过一个类 来继承ContentProvider 并且实现它的6个方法：
1，onCreate（）

初始化内容提供器的时候调用，通常会这里完成数据库的创建和升级等操作，返回true表示内容提供器初始化成功，返回false则表示失败。

2,query（）

从内容提供器中查询数据。使用uri参数来确定查询哪些行，sortOrder参数用于对结果进行排序。查询的结果存放阿紫Cursor对象中返回。

3，insert（）

向内容提供器中添加一条数据，使用uri参数来确定要添加到的表，待添加的数据保存在valus参数中，添加完成后，返回一个用于表示这条新记录的URL。

4，update（）

更新内容提供器中已有的数据。使用uri参数来确定更新安一张表中的数据，新数据保存在values参数中，selection和selectionArg参数用于约束更新哪些行，受影响的行数将作为返回值返回。

5，delete（）

从内容提供器中删除数据。使用uri参数来确定删除哪一张表中的数据，selection和selectionArgs参数用于约束删除哪些行，被删除的行数将作为返回值返回。

6，getType（）

根据传入的内容uri来返回相应的MIME类型。

通过AndroidManifest.xml 里写一个provider标签，来验证两个app之间的链接

        <provider
            android:name=".DatabaseProvider"
            android:authorities="com.lenovo.studentdemo.provider"
            android:enabled="true"
            android:exported="true" />

在此app里创建一个类来继承 ContentProvider：

package com.example.myapplication13;

import android.content.ContentProvider;
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.content.UriMatcher;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
import android.util.Log;

import com.example.myapplication13.db.MySQLiteHelper;
import com.example.myapplication13.entity.Myedityclass;

import java.util.List;

import static android.content.ContentValues.TAG;

public class DatabaseProvider extends ContentProvider {

    public static final int STUDENT=0;
    public static final int STUDENT_ITEM=1;
    public static final int TEACHER=2;
    public static final int TEACHER_ITEM=3;
    private static final String AUTHORITY="com.lenovo.studentdemo.provider";

   private  static UriMatcher uriMatcher;
private MySQLiteHelper mySQLiteHelperl;



static {
    uriMatcher=new UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH);
    uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY,"student",STUDENT);
    uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY,"student",STUDENT_ITEM);
    uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY,"student",TEACHER);
    uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY,"student",TEACHER_ITEM);
}



    @Override
    public boolean onCreate() {
        Log.e(TAG, "onCreate: "+"************" );

        return false;
    }

    @Nullable
    @Override
    public Cursor query(@NonNull Uri uri, @Nullable String[] strings, @Nullable String s, @Nullable String[] strings1, @Nullable String s1) {
        Log.e(TAG, "query: "+"************" );
        return null;
    }

    @Nullable
    @Override
    public String getType(@NonNull Uri uri) {
        Log.e(TAG, "getType: "+"************" );
        return null;
    }

    @Nullable
    @Override
    public Uri insert(@NonNull Uri uri, @Nullable ContentValues contentValues) {
  switch (uriMatcher.match(uri)){
      case STUDENT:
          MySQLiteHelper mySQLiteHelper=new MySQLiteHelper(getContext(),"student.db",null,1);
          SQLiteDatabase sqldb = mySQLiteHelper.getWritableDatabase();
          sqldb.insert("student", null, contentValues);

          break;
      case STUDENT_ITEM:
          break;
      case  TEACHER:
          break;
      case  TEACHER_ITEM:
          break;
  }


        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public int delete(@NonNull Uri uri, @Nullable String s, @Nullable String[] strings) {

        MySQLiteHelper mySQLiteHelper = new MySQLiteHelper(getContext(), "student.db", null, 1);
        SQLiteDatabase sqLiteDatabase = mySQLiteHelper.getWritableDatabase();
        sqLiteDatabase.delete("student",s ,strings);

            return   0;
    }

    @Override
    public int update(@NonNull Uri uri, @Nullable ContentValues contentValues, @Nullable String s, @Nullable String[] strings) {
        return 0;
    }
}

再创建一个app 定义两个button 和一个修改editview ：

package com.example.myapplication17;

import android.content.ContentResolver;
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private Button button;
private EditText ed_create;
private  Button delete_btn;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        button=findViewById(R.id.button_btn);
        ed_create=findViewById(R.id.ed_create);
        delete_btn=findViewById(R.id.delete_btn);




        button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                String name=ed_create.getText().toString();
                Uri uri=Uri.parse("content://com.lenovo.studentdemo.provider");
                ContentResolver resolver=getContentResolver();
                ContentValues contentValues=new ContentValues();
                contentValues.put("name",name);
                resolver.insert(uri,contentValues);
            }
        });

        delete_btn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                String name=ed_create.getText().toString();
                Uri uri=Uri.parse("content://com.lenovo.studentdemo.provider");
                ContentResolver resolver=getContentResolver();
                resolver.delete(uri,"name=?",new  String[]{name});
            }
        });


    }
}

xml 图：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context="com.example.myapplication17.MainActivity">



    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/ed_create"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="50dp"

        />
<Button
    android:id="@+id/button_btn"
    android:text="添加"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="50dp" />
    <Button
        android:layout_marginTop="50dp"
        android:id="@+id/delete_btn"
        android:text="删除"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="50dp" />
</LinearLayout>

实现效果为：