java 四种reference的对比

package cn.zwy.test;

import java.lang.ref.PhantomReference;
import java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue;
import java.lang.ref.SoftReference;
import java.lang.ref.WeakReference;
import java.util.WeakHashMap;

import org.junit.Test;

public class TestReference {

	//public static Map<String, SoftReference<String>> map = new HashMap<String,SoftReference<String>>();
	
	@Test
	public void testWeadReference() {
		/*weakReference引用,当所引用的对象没有强引用的时候,对象就会被jvm回收.*/
		String data = new String("hello");
		WeakReference reference = new WeakReference(data);
		System.out.println("=============回收之前");
		System.out.println(reference.get());
		System.out.println(data == reference.get());
		System.out.println("=============回收之后");
		data= null;
		System.gc();
		System.out.println(reference.get());
		System.out.println("=============回收之后");

	}
	
	@Test
	public void testWeadHashMap() throws InterruptedException {
		String key = new String("hello");
		String value = new String("value");
		WeakHashMap<String, String> map = new WeakHashMap<String, String>();
		System.out.println("=============回收之前");
		map.put(key, value);
		System.out.println(map.containsValue(value));
		key = null;
		System.out.println("=============回收之后");
		System.gc();
		/**
		 * 等待无效 entries 进入 ReferenceQueue 以便下一次调用 getTable 时被清理
		 */
		Thread.sleep(1000);
		/**
		 * 一旦没有指向 key 的强引用, WeakHashMap 在 GC 后将自动删除相关的 entry
		 */
		System.out.println(map.containsValue(value));

		System.out.println("=============回收之后");

	}
	
	@Test
	public void testSoftReference() {
		/*跟weakReference一样,最大的差别是softReference会尽量的保留知道jvm内存不足时候
		 * 才会被释放,所以适合于缓存的应用*/
		String data = new String("hello");
		SoftReference reference = new SoftReference(data);
		System.out.println("=============回收之前");
		System.out.println(reference.get());
		System.out.println(data == reference.get());
		System.out.println("=============回收之后");
		data= null;
		System.gc();
		System.out.println(reference.get());
		System.out.println("=============回收之后");

	}
	
	/*
	public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
		String data = new String("hello");
		SoftReference<String> data1 = new SoftReference<String>(data);
		//put(data1);
		
		data = null;
		System.gc();
        System.runFinalization();

		System.out.println(data1.get() +"123");
		Object referent = new Object();  
	    WeakReference<Object> weakRerference = new WeakReference<Object>(referent);  
	    System.out.println(weakRerference.get());  
	
	    System.out.println(referent == weakRerference.get());  
	      
	    referent = null;  
	    System.gc();  
	      
	    /** 
	     * 一旦没有指向 referent 的强引用, weak reference 在 GC 后会被自动回收 
	     */  
	  /*  System.out.println("111" + weakRerference.get());  
	
	  //  assertNull(weakRerference.get());  
			
	}*/
	@Test
	public void test(){
		
		 //创建一个对象
		 Person person = new Person("Sunny");    
		 //创建一个引用队列    
		 ReferenceQueue<Person> rq = new ReferenceQueue<Person>();
		 //创建一个虚引用，让此虚引用引用到person对象
		 PhantomReference<Person> pr = new PhantomReference<Person>(person, rq);
		 //切断person引用变量和对象的引用
		 person = null;
		 //试图取出虚引用所引用的对象
		 //发现程序并不能通过虚引用访问被引用对象，所以此处输出为null
		 System.out.println(pr.get());
		 //强制垃圾回收
		 System.gc();
		 System.runFinalization();
		 //因为一旦虚引用中的对象被回收后，该虚引用就会进入引用队列中
		 //所以用队列中最先进入队列中引用与pr进行比较，输出true
		 System.out.println(rq.poll() == pr);
		    
		 
	}
}