转自:http://blogs.msdn.com/b/kcwalina/archive/2004/06/22/162533.aspx
Generics and Anonymous Methods/Delegates
make up a powerful pair that can be used to create elegant query APIs. Here are some that we just added to the .NET Framework’s Collection libraries. I used List<T> to illustrate the APIs but most of those were also added to System.Array.
API Design
Delegates
namespace System {
public delegate void Action<T>(T obj);
public delegate bool Predicate<T>(T obj);
public delegate U Converter<T,U>(T from);
public delegate int Comparison<T>(T x, T y);
}
List<T>
public class List<T> : … {
public int FindIndex(Predicate<T> match);
public int FindIndex(int index, Predicate<T> match);
public int FindIndex(int index, int count, Predicate<T> match);
public int FindLastIndex(Predicate<T> match);
public int FindLastIndex(int index, Predicate<T> match);
public int FindLastIndex(int index, int count, Predicate<T> match);
public List<T> FindAll(Predicate<T> match);
public T Find(Predicate<T> match);
public T FindLast(Predicate match);
public bool Exists(Predicate<T> match);
public bool TrueForAll(Predicate<T> match);
public int RemoveAll(Predicate<T> match);
public void ForEach(Action<T> action);
public void Sort(Comparison<T> comparison);
public List<U> ConvertAll<U>(Converter<T,U> converter);
}
Finding Even Integers in List<T>
List<int> integers = new List<int>();
For(int i=1; i<=10; i++) integers.Add(i);
List<int> even = integers.FindAll(delegate(int i){
return i%2==0;
});
Finding Complex Type in List<T>
public class Order {
public Order(int number, string item) { … }
public int Number { get { return number; } }
public string Item { get { return item; } }
…
}
List<Order> orders = new List<Order>();
int orderNumber = 10;
Order order = orders.Find(delegate(Order o){
return o.Number==orderNumber;
});
Computing Sum of Integers in List<T>
List<int> integers = new List<int>();
for(int i=1; i<=10; i++) integers.Add(i);
int sum;
integers.ForEach(delegate(int i){ sum+=i; });
Sort Orders in List<T>
List<Order> orders = new List<Order>();
orders.Add(new Order(10,”Milk”));
orders.Add(new Order(5,”Cheese”));
orders.Sort(delegate(Order x, Order y){
return Comparer<int>.Default.Compare(x.Number,y.Number);
});
Convert Orders to Order Numbers
List<Order> orders = new List<Order>();
orders.Add(new Order(10,”Milk”));
orders.Add(new Order(5,”Cheese”));
List<int> numbers = orders.ConvertAll(delegate(Order x){
return o.Number;
});
最近寫案子常常用到List<T>,這個東西還真好用
因為它有下列東西:
List<T>.Sort() → 排序T
List<T>.Find() → 找出一個T
List<T>.FindAll() →找出多個T
List<T>.Exist() →判斷T是否存在
小弟就寫個範例介紹這些東西吧..
GenericList.aspx
01 | <%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="GenericList.aspx.cs" Inherits="GenericList" %> |
02 | |
03 | <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> |
04 | |
05 | < html xmlns = "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" > |
06 | < head runat = "server" > |
07 | < title >GenericList</ title > |
08 | </ head > |
09 | < body > |
10 | < form id = "form1" runat = "server" > |
11 | < div > |
12 | 原始資料: |
13 | < asp:GridView ID = "GridView1" runat = "server" > |
14 | </ asp:GridView > |
15 | </ div > |
16 | </ form > |
17 | </ body > |
18 | </ html > |
GenericList.aspx.cs
001 | using System; |
002 | using System.Collections.Generic; |
003 | using System.Web; |
004 | using System.Web.UI; |
005 | using System.Web.UI.WebControls; |
006 | |
007 | public partial class GenericList : System.Web.UI.Page |
008 | { |
009 | |
010 | protected void Page_Load( object sender, EventArgs e) |
011 | { |
012 | List<Person> lstPerson = new List<Person>(); |
013 | lstPerson.Add( new Person(1, "puma" , 10)); |
014 | lstPerson.Add( new Person(2, "F6 Team" , 20)); |
015 | lstPerson.Add( new Person(3, "ASP.NET" , 30)); |
016 | lstPerson.Add( new Person(4, "Dotblogs" , 40)); |
017 | |
018 | //原始資料顯示在GridView上 |
019 | this .GridView1.DataSource = lstPerson; |
020 | this .GridView1.DataBind(); |
021 | |
022 | |
023 | |
024 | //List<T>.Find() |
025 | //找出Name='puma'的Person |
026 | Response.Write( "找出Name='puma'的Person→ " ); |
027 | Response.Write(lstPerson.Find( delegate (Person p) { return p.Name == "puma" ; }).ToString() + "<p>" ); |
028 | |
029 | |
030 | |
031 | //List<T>.FindAll() |
032 | //找出Age>10的數目 |
033 | Response.Write( "找出Age>10的數目→ " ); |
034 | Response.Write(lstPerson.FindAll( delegate (Person p) { return p.Age > 10; }).Count.ToString() + "<p>" ); |
035 | |
036 | |
037 | |
038 | //List<T>.Exists() |
039 | //檢查Name='F6'是否存在 |
040 | Response.Write( "檢查Name='F6'是否存在→ " ); |
041 | Response.Write(lstPerson.Exists( delegate (Person p) { return p.Name == "F6" ; }).ToString() + "<p>" ); |
042 | |
043 | |
044 | |
045 | //List<T>.Sort() |
046 | //依Name升冪排序 |
047 | Response.Write( "<p>依Name升冪排序↑<br/>" ); |
048 | lstPerson.Sort( delegate (Person p1, Person p2) { return Comparer< string >.Default.Compare(p1.Name, p2.Name); }); |
049 | foreach (Person p in lstPerson) |
050 | { |
051 | Response.Write(p.ToString() + "<br/>" ); |
052 | } |
053 | |
054 | |
055 | |
056 | //List<T>.Sort() |
057 | //依Name降冪排序 |
058 | Response.Write( "<p>依Name降冪排序↓<br/>" ); |
059 | lstPerson.Sort( delegate (Person p1, Person p2) { return Comparer< string >.Default.Compare(p2.Name, p1.Name); }); |
060 | foreach (Person p in lstPerson) |
061 | { |
062 | Response.Write(p.ToString() + "<br/>" ); |
063 | } |
064 | } |
065 | } |
066 | |
067 | public class Person |
068 | { |
069 | private int _ID; |
070 | private string _Name; |
071 | private int _Age; |
072 | |
073 | public Person( int ID, string Name, int Age) |
074 | { |
075 | _ID = ID; |
076 | _Name = Name; |
077 | _Age = Age; |
078 | } |
079 | |
080 | public int ID |
081 | { |
082 | set { _ID = value; } |
083 | get { return _ID; } |
084 | } |
085 | |
086 | public string Name |
087 | { |
088 | set { _Name = value; } |
089 | get { return _Name; } |
090 | } |
091 | |
092 | public int Age |
093 | { |
094 | set { _Age = value; } |
095 | get { return _Age; } |
096 | } |
097 | |
098 | public override string ToString() |
099 | { |
100 | return string .Format( "ID:{0},Name:{1},Age:{2}" , _ID, _Name, _Age); |
101 | } |
102 | } |
執行結果:
转自微软官方:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Xml.Linq;
namespace Find
{
class Program
{
private static string IDtoFind = "bk109";
private static List<Book> Books = new List<Book>();
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
FillList();
// Find a book by its ID.
Book result = Books.Find(
delegate(Book bk)
{
return bk.ID == IDtoFind;
}
);
if (result != null)
{
DisplayResult(result, "Find by ID: " + IDtoFind);
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("\nNot found: {0}", IDtoFind);
}
// Find last book in collection published before 2001.
result = Books.FindLast(
delegate(Book bk)
{
DateTime year2001 = new DateTime(2001, 01, 01);
return bk.Publish_date < year2001;
});
if (result != null)
{
DisplayResult(result, "Last book in collection published before 2001:");
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("\nNot found: {0}", IDtoFind);
}
// Find all computer books.
List<Book> results = Books.FindAll(FindComputer);
if (results != null)
{
DisplayResults(results, "All computer:");
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("\nNo books found.");
}
// Find all books under $10.00.
results = Books.FindAll(
delegate(Book bk)
{
return bk.Price < 10.00;
}
);
if (results != null)
{
DisplayResults(results, "Books under $10:");
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("\nNo books found.");
}
// Find index values.
Console.WriteLine();
int ndx = Books.FindIndex(FindComputer);
Console.WriteLine("Index of first computer book: {0}", ndx);
ndx = Books.FindLastIndex(FindComputer);
Console.WriteLine("Index of last computer book: {0}", ndx);
int mid = Books.Count / 2;
ndx = Books.FindIndex(mid, mid, FindComputer);
Console.WriteLine("Index of first computer book in the second half of the collection: {0}", ndx);
ndx = Books.FindLastIndex(Books.Count - 1, mid, FindComputer);
Console.WriteLine("Index of last computer book in the second half of the collection: {0}", ndx);
}
// Populates the list with sample data.
private static void FillList()
{
// Create XML elements from a source file.
XElement xTree = XElement.Load(@"c:\temp\books.xml");
// Create an enumerable collection of the elements.
IEnumerable<XElement> elements = xTree.Elements();
// Evaluate each element and set set values in the book object.
foreach (XElement el in elements)
{
Book book = new Book();
book.ID = el.Attribute("id").Value;
IEnumerable<XElement> props = el.Elements();
foreach (XElement p in props)
{
if (p.Name.ToString().ToLower() == "author")
{
book.Author = p.Value;
}
else if (p.Name.ToString().ToLower() == "title")
{
book.Title = p.Value;
}
else if (p.Name.ToString().ToLower() == "genre")
{
book.Genre = p.Value;
}
else if (p.Name.ToString().ToLower() == "price")
{
book.Price = Convert.ToDouble(p.Value);
}
else if (p.Name.ToString().ToLower() == "publish_date")
{
book.Publish_date = Convert.ToDateTime(p.Value);
}
else if (p.Name.ToString().ToLower() == "description")
{
book.Description = p.Value;
}
}
Books.Add(book);
}
DisplayResults(Books, "All books:");
}
// Explicit predicate delegate.
private static bool FindComputer(Book bk)
{
if (bk.Genre == "Computer")
{
return true;
}
{
return false;
}
}
private static void DisplayResult(Book result, string title)
{
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(title);
Console.WriteLine("\n{0}\t{1}\t{2}\t{3}\t{4}\t{5}", result.ID,
result.Author, result.Title, result.Genre, result.Price,
result.Publish_date.ToShortDateString());
Console.WriteLine();
}
private static void DisplayResults(List<Book> results, string title)
{
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(title);
foreach (Book b in results)
{
Console.Write("\n{0}\t{1}\t{2}\t{3}\t{4}\t{5}", b.ID,
b.Author, b.Title, b.Genre, b.Price,
b.Publish_date.ToShortDateString());
}
Console.WriteLine();
}
}
public class Book
{
public string ID { get; set; }
public string Author { get; set; }
public string Title { get; set; }
public string Genre { get; set; }
public double Price { get; set; }
public DateTime Publish_date { get; set; }
public string Description { get; set; }
}
}
转载请注明本文地址: c#中Listfind使用示例(转)