安装mysql5.6

最新推荐文章于 2022-11-06 14:20:40 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-11-06 14:20:40 发布

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[MySQL] Linux下MySQL-5.6源码安装

本文主要介绍centos下源码安装MySQL 5.6的方法，centos的版本为5.8.

1）首先，你需要到MySQL官网下载源码tar包，点击MySQL Community Server，选择Source Code，源码包不大，只有34M左右。

注：以下操作没有特殊说明，都是以root账户执行。

2）先安装cmake（mysql5.5以后源码安装都得通过cmake编译）

[plain]

# yum install cmake

并确保以下两个包已安装最新版：

ncurses

ncurses-devel

3）添加MySQL用户组和用户

[plain]

# groupadd mysql

# useradd mysql

4）创建MySQL软件安装目录和数据存放目录

[plain]

mkdir -p /opt/mysql #MySQL安装目录

chown -R mysql:mysql /opt/mysql

mkdir -p /data/mysql #MySQL数据存放目录

mkdir -p /data/mysql/data #存放数据

mkdir -p /data/mysql/log #存放日志

mkdir -p /data/mysql/tmp #存放临时文件

chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql

5）cmake编译安装MySQL

[plain]

tar zxvf mysql-5.6.13.tar.gz

cd mysql-5.6.13

cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/opt/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql -DSYSCONFDIR=/opt/mysql/etc -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1

make

make install

参数说明：

-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/opt/mysql //指定安装目录

-DINSTALL_DATADIR=/data/mysql //指定数据存放目录

-DSYSCONFDIR=/opt/mysql //指定配置文件目录（本例的配置文件为/opt/mysql/my.cnf）

-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 //指定字符集

-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci //指定校验字符

-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all //安装所有扩展字符集

-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 //允许从本地导入数据

上述步骤执行成功后，MySQL软件已成功安装至/opt/mysql目录下。

7）编辑配置文件my.cnf --不知道是哪个目录下的

是安装目录下的配置文件，/opt/mysql/my.cnf 在进行第八步之后会在/opt/mysql出现此文件

[plain]

[client]

socket = /opt/mysql/run/mysql.sock

[innotop]

socket = /opt/mysql/run/mysql.sock

[mysql]

prompt = \\u@\\d \\r:\\m:\\s>

no-auto-rehash

[mysqld_safe]

pid-file = /opt/mysql/run/mysqld.pid

[mysqld]

#### Baes dir ####

basedir = /opt/mysql

datadir = /data/mysql/data

tmpdir = /data/mysql/tmp

socket = /opt/mysql/run/mysql.sock

#### Base configure info ####

port = 3306

skip-name-resolve

old_passwords = 0

lower_case_table_names = 1

open_files_limit = 65535

read_rnd_buffer_size = 5M

max_allowed_packet = 24M

max_connect_errors = 50000

max_connections = 1000

max_user_connections = 950

thread_cache_size=64

table_open_cache=1024

thread_stack=262144

wait_timeout=864000

#### Log info ####

log-error = /data/mysql/log/alert.log

slow_query_log=1

slow_query_log_file= /data/mysql/log/slow.log

log-slow-admin-statements

long_query_time = 0.1

slow_launch_time=1

#### Binary log && Relay log ####

binlog_format='MIXED'

log-bin = /data/mysql/log/mysql-bin

log-slave-updates = 1

relay-log = /data/mysql/log/mysqld-relay-bin

relay-log-index = /data/mysql/log/mysqld-relay-bin.index

master-info-file = /data/mysql/log/master.info

relay-log-info-file = /data/mysql/log/relay-log.info

max_binlog_size = 500M

max_binlog_cache_size = 2G

#### query cache ####

query_cache_size = 100M

query_cache_limit = 1K

query_cache_min_res_unit = 1K

query_cache_type=2

#myisam

concurrent_insert = 2

key_buffer_size = 100M

sort_buffer_size = 100K

join_buffer_size = 100K

read_buffer_size = 1M

myisam_sort_buffer_size = 100M

#innodb plugin

#innodb

default-storage-engine = INNODB

innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT

innodb_file_per_table = 1

innodb_open_files=60000

innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2

innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 100

innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 20M

innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16G

innodb_log_buffer_size= 400M

innodb_log_file_size = 100M

innodb_log_files_in_group = 4

innodb_file_io_threads = 4

innodb_thread_concurrency = 16

innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 50

transaction-isolation = READ-COMMITTED

innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10G;ibdata2:5G:autoextend

innodb_buffer_pool_instances=4

innodb_thread_concurrency=32

### Server id ####

log_bin_trust_function_creators=1

read_only=0

server_id=5

8）创建数据库

[plain]

cd /opt/mysql

./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql

上述建库语句将根据my.cnf里设置的数据文件目录和日志文件目录，生成相应的数据文件和日志文件，并创建系统数据库（如mysql,test,information_schema,performance_schema)

9）设置root密码，创建只读账号

[plain]

export PATH=$PATH:/opt/mysql/bin --?????????添加到任意地点执行的命令直接就添加进来了

不执行此步会出现不识别mysql的错误信息

mysqladmin -u root password '***'

mysql -uroot -p

root@(none) 06:08:34>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '***' WITH GRANT OPTION; --红线不要有空格

授权之后，始终没有连上的原因是没有关闭防火墙

root@(none) 06:08:44>GRANT SELECT ON *.* TO 'rnd'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '***';

10）最后，把MySQL加入系统启动项和开机启动

[plain]

cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld #把Mysql加入系统启动

chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld #增加执行权限

chkconfig mysqld on #加入开机启动

这样，执行service mysqld start即可启动MySQL了：）。

安装总结：

知识要点：mkdir函数里面使用到了mkdir的-p选项。mkdir的-p选项允许你一次性创建多层次的目录，而不是一次只创建单独的目录

1:yum intall gcc-c++

yum install bison

yum install perl- Data - Dumper

yum install perl-ExtUtils、、

yum install perl*

2 service mysqld status /start/stop /restart

 
  MySQL 5.5.20 
 

 
  -- Could NOT  
  find 
  Threads  (missing:  Threads_FOUND) 
 

 
  CMake Error at configure.cmake:152 (LIST): 
 

 
  list sub- 
  command 
  REMOVE_DUPLICATES requires list to be present.

 
  Call Stack (most recent call first): 
 

 
  CMakeLists.txt:246 (INCLUDE)

 
  -- Could NOT  
  find 
  Threads  (missing:  Threads_FOUND) 
 

 
  -- Check  
  if 
  the system is big endian 
 

 
  -- Searching 16 bit integer 
 

 
  CMake Error at  
  /usr/share/cmake/Modules/TestBigEndian 
  .cmake:31 (MESSAGE): 
 

 
  no suitable  
  type 
  found

 
  Call Stack (most recent call first): 
 

 
  configure.cmake:526 (TEST_BIG_ENDIAN)

 
  CMakeLists.txt:246 (INCLUDE)

 
  -- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred! 
 

删除掉mysql解压目录下的CMakeCache.txt文件

Google了下，问题可能的原因有多种，具体什么原因最好的办法是先查看下错误日志：
1、可能是/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.pid文件没有写的权限
解决方法：给予权限，执行 “chown -R mysql:mysql /var/data” “chmod -R 755 /usr/local/mysql/data” 然后重新启动mysqld！

2、可能进程里已经存在mysql进程
解决方法：用命令“ps -ef|grep mysqld”查看是否有mysqld进程，如果有使用“kill -9 进程号”杀死，然后重新启动mysqld！

3、可能是第二次在机器上安装mysql，有残余数据影响了服务的启动。
解决方法：去mysql的数据目录/data看看，如果存在mysql-bin.index，就赶快把它删除掉吧，它就是罪魁祸首了。本人就是使用第三条方法解决的！

4、mysql在启动时没有指定配置文件时会使用/etc/my.cnf配置文件，请打开这个文件查看在[mysqld]节下有没有指定数据目录(datadir)。
解决方法：请在[mysqld]下设置这一行：datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data

5、skip-federated字段问题
解决方法：检查一下/etc/my.cnf文件中有没有没被注释掉的skip-federated字段，如果有就立即注释掉吧。

6、错误日志目录不存在
解决方法：使用“chown” “chmod”命令赋予mysql所有者及权限

7、selinux惹的祸，如果是centos系统，默认会开启selinux
解决方法：关闭它，打开/etc/selinux/config，把SELINUX=enforcing改为SELINUX=disabled后存盘退出重启机器试试。

本次安装：my.cnf里tmpdir写成了tempdir写错了，

这是/data/mysql/data下的日志：localhost.localdomain.err

150515 10:12:36 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /opt/mysql/run/mysqld.pid ended

150515 10:15:39 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /data/mysql/data

2015-05-15 10:15:39 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).

2015-05-15 10:15:39 4115 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled.

/opt/mysql/bin/mysqld: Table 'mysql.plugin' doesn't exist

2015-05-15 10:15:39 4115 [ERROR] Can't open the mysql.plugin table. Please run mysql_upgrade to create it.

2015-05-15 10:15:39 4115 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages

2015-05-15 10:15:39 4115 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled

2015-05-15 10:15:39 4115 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins

2015-05-15 10:15:39 4115 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3

2015-05-15 10:15:39 4115 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions

2015-05-15 10:15:39 4115 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M

2015-05-15 10:15:39 4115 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool

2015-05-15 10:15:39 4115 [Note] InnoDB: Highest supported file format is Barracuda.

2015-05-15 10:15:39 4115 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active.

2015-05-15 10:15:39 4115 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start

2015-05-15 10:15:39 4115 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.16 started; log sequence number 1600847

2015-05-15 10:15:39 4115 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 47fc8531-faa8-11e4-aaaf-000c299b9396.

2015-05-15 10:15:39 4115 [Note] Server hostname (bind-address): '*'; port: 3306

2015-05-15 10:15:39 4115 [Note] IPv6 is available.

2015-05-15 10:15:39 4115 [Note] - '::' resolves to '::';

2015-05-15 10:15:39 4115 [Note] Server socket created on IP: '::'.

2015-05-15 10:15:39 4115 [ERROR] Fatal error: Can't open and lock privilege tables: Table 'mysql.user' doesn't exist

本次安装在

./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/data这样问题才得以解决

vi my.cnf 在最下面增加[client]

socket=/opt/mysql/run/mysql.sock

一：结果安装成功了，但是使用root登录时遇到了ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)错误. 如下所示

关掉mysql的服务

然后使用mysqld_safe命令在启动mysql，更新root账号的密码

--skip-grant-tables：不启动grant-tables(授权表),跳过权限控制。

--skip-networking ：跳过TCP/IP协议，只在本机访问(从网上有些资料看，这个选项不是必须的。可以不用)

root@DB-Server init.d]# ./bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking &

mysql -u root mysql：

[root@DB-Server init.d]# mysql -u root mysql

Reading table information for completion of table and column names

You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 1

Server version: 5.6.19 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h'for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> select Host, User, Password,password_expired

    -> from user

    -> where user='root' and host='root' or host='localhost';

+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+------------------+

| Host      | User | Password                                  | password_expired |

+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+------------------+

| localhost | root | *A848DE7CCD839E924921BEE41711991DDA0D529E | Y                |

+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> update user set password=PASSWORD('p12#456')

    -> where user='root' and host='root' or host='localhost';

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

新设置用户或更改密码后需用flush privileges刷新MySQL的系统权限相关表，否则会出现拒绝访问，还有一种方法，就是重新启动mysql服务器，来使新设置生效。

mysql> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> quit

mysql -u root -p

另外，如果登录mysql数据库后执行脚本遭遇 ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must SET PASSWORD before executing this statement,可以使用重新设置一次密码即可解决问题.

 
   mysql>set password = password('p12#456');  
  

至此问题解决，但是还有不少地方有些疑惑，为啥出现这个错误？其实这么多资料都只是说了解决方法，但是都回避了问题的原因。

参考资料：

http://huangyifa163.blog.163.com/blog/static/262875752011127102215790/

http://sundful.iteye.com/blog/704337

http://wenku.baidu.com/view/735ffa41be1e650e52ea995a.html

http://www.cnblogs.com/sunson/articles/2172086.html

http://blog.163.com/eric1945@126/blog/static/164934572201081494343373/

http://www.cnblogs.com/likai198981/archive/2013/04/06/3002518.html

二：出现了本地不能连上mysql的问题，关上Linux的防火墙

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安装mysql5.6

[MySQL] Linux下MySQL-5.6源码安装本文主要介绍centos下源码安装MySQL 5.6的方法，centos的版本为5.8. 1）首先，你需要到MySQL官网下载源码tar包，点击MySQL Community Server，选择Source Code，源码包不大，只有34M左右。注：以下操作没有特殊说明，都是以root账户执行。
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