Linux下Oracle安装（非界面）

最新推荐文章于 2020-06-15 23:01:14 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2020-06-15 23:01:14 发布

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分类专栏：数据库相关 LINUX系统文章标签： oracle linux network list database library

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/w565911788/article/details/8082396

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【一】Oracle静默安装

操作系统：RHEL4U8 x86_64

DB版本：Oracle 10gR2

一、准备工作

1、创建用户和组：

# groupadd oinstall

# groupadd dba

# id oracle

# useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle

2、创建目录并修改权限：

# mkdir -p /opt/U01

# cd /opt/U01

# ln -s /opt/U01 /U01

# mkdir -p /U01/app/oracle/oraInventory

# mkdir -p /U01/app/oracle/oradata

# mkdir -p /U01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area

# mkdir -p /U01/app/oracle/admin

# mkdir -p /U01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0

# chown -R oracle:oinstall /U01/app/oracle

# chmod -R 775 /U01/app/oracle

3、检查hosts文件设置：

# cat /etc/hosts

# Do not remove the following line, or various programs

# that require network functionality will fail.

127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost

4、检查软件包：rpm -q --qf '%{NAME}-%{VERSION}(%{ARCH})\n' libaio

5、设置内核参数

vi /etc/sysctl.conf

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 2147483648

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

fs.file-max = 65536

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 262144

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 262144

sysctl -p

6、设置环境变量：

$ cat .bash_profile

# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions

if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then

. ~/.bashrc

# User specific environment and startup programs

export ORACLE_BASE=/U01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0

export ORACLE_SID=dbatest

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/lib32:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

export PATH

二、安装Oracle软件

1、解压软件：

# gunzip 10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio.gz

# cpio -idmv < 10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio

2、设置oraInst.loc文件：

# vi /etc/oraInst.loc

inventory_loc=/U01/app/oracle/oraInventory

inst_group=oinstall

3、准备response文件

FROM_LOCATION 确认设置路径正确

n_configurationOption = 1

1 - Create a Database

2 - Configure an ASM instance

3 - Install Software Only

ORACLE_HOME=/U01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0

ORACLE_HOME_NAME="OraDbHome1"

4、安装Oracle软件

# su - oracle

$ ./runInstaller -ignoreSysPrereqs -force -silent -responseFile /opt/database/response/enterprise.rsp

5、执行脚本：

# sh /U01/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

# sh /U01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/root.sh

三、创建数据库（oracle用户下执行）

$ dbca -silent -createDatabase -templateName /U01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/assistants/dbca/templates/General_Purpose.dbc -sid dbatest -gdbName dbatest -characterSet ZHS16GBK

Copying database files

1% complete

...

100% complete

Look at the log file "/U01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/cfgtoollogs/dbca/dbatest/dbatest.log" for further details.

#检查安装

$ cat /U01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/cfgtoollogs/dbca/dbatest/dbatest.log | less

四、配置监听程序和本地服务名

$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin

$ vi sqlnet.ora

# sqlnet.ora Network Configuration File: /U01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/network/admin/sqlnet.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH= (TNSNAMES, EZCONNECT)

# 设置本地服务名

$ cat tnsnames.ora

# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /U01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/network/admin/tnsnames.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SID = PLSExtProc)

(PRESENTATION = RO)

)

test =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = zw_75_57)(PORT = 1521))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVICE_NAME = dbatest)(server=dedicated)

)

orcl =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = zw_75_57)(PORT = 1521))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVICE_NAME = dbatest)(server=dedicated)

)

# 设置监听程序

$ vi listener.ora

# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /U01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/network/admin/listener.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

(SID_LIST =

(SID_DESC =

(SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)

(ORACLE_HOME = /U01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0)

(PROGRAM = extproc)

)

(SID_DESC =

(SID_NAME = dbatest)

(ORACLE_HOME = /U01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0)

)

LISTENER =

(DESCRIPTION_LIST =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1))

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = zw_75_57)(PORT = 1521))

)

#启动监听：

$ lsnrctl start

#测试连通性：

$ tnsping test

五、设置自动重启

#设置/etc/oratab文件：

$ vi /etc/oratab

dbatest:/U01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0:Y

#修改DB启动脚本

$ vi $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart

ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1 修改为：ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME

#修改DB关闭脚本

$ vi $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbshut

ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1 修改为：ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME

#修改/etc/rc.d/rc.local

# cat /etc/rc.d/rc.local

#!/bin/sh

# This script will be executed *after* all the other init scripts.

# You can put your own initialization stuff in here if you don't

# want to do the full Sys V style init stuff.

touch /var/lock/subsys/local

. /etc/rc.d/rc.tune

su - oracle "-c dbstart"

六、Oracle卸载

停止监听

关闭数据库

# /U01/app/oracle/bin/localconfig delete

# rm -rf /U01/app/oracle/*

# rm -f /etc/oraInst.loc /etc/oratab

# rm -rf /etc/oracle

# rm -f /etc/inittab.cssd

# rm -f /usr/local/bin/coraenv /usr/local/bin/dbhome /usr/local/bin/oraenv

【二】Oracle clone方式安装

操作系统：RHEL4U8 x86_64

DB版本：Oracle 10gR2

一、目标机器安装前准备工作

1、创建用户和组：

# groupadd oinstall

# groupadd dba

# id oracle

# useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle

2、创建目录并修改权限：

# mkdir -p /opt/U01

# cd /opt/U01

# ln -s /opt/U01 /U01

# mkdir -p /U01/app/oracle/oraInventory

# mkdir -p /U01/app/oracle/oradata

# mkdir -p /U01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area

# mkdir -p /U01/app/oracle/admin

# mkdir -p /U01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0

# chown -R oracle:oinstall /U01/app/oracle

# chmod -R 775 /U01/app/oracle

3、检查hosts文件设置：

# cat /etc/hosts

# Do not remove the following line, or various programs

# that require network functionality will fail.

127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost

4、检查软件包：rpm -q --qf '%{NAME}-%{VERSION}(%{ARCH})\n' libaio

5、设置内核参数

vi /etc/sysctl.conf

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 2147483648

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

fs.file-max = 65536

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 262144

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 262144

sysctl -p

6、设置环境变量：

$ cat .bash_profile

# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions

if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then

. ~/.bashrc

# User specific environment and startup programs

export ORACLE_BASE=/U01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0

export ORACLE_SID=dbatest

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/lib32:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

export PATH

二、停止克隆主机上ORACLE_HOME相关的所有进程

三、对克隆主机ORACLE_HOME目录下内容打zip包

$ cd $ORACLE_HOME

$ tar -czvf 10.2.0.tar.gz /U01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0

四、拷贝tar包和.bash_profile文件到目标主机

五、进入目标主机解压zip包

$ source .bash_profile

$ cd /opt

$ tar -xzvf 10.2.0.tar.gz

六、进入解压后的ORACLE_HOME目录，删除网络配置文件（所有$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/*.ora文件）

$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin

$ rm *.ora

七、以clone模式启动OUI（ORACLE_HOME_NAME可以任意指定只需确保唯一性即可）

$ $ORACLE_HOME/oui/bin/runInstaller -silent -clone ORACLE_HOME="/U01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0" ORACLE_HOME_NAME="Ora10gR2"

八、创建数据库

$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/bin

$ ./dbca -silent -createDatabase -templateName /U01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/assistants/dbca/templates/General_Purpose.dbc -sid dbatest -gdbName dbatest -characterSet ZHS16GBK

九、网络配置助手

$ vi $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/sqlnet.ora

# sqlnet.ora Network Configuration File: /U01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/network/admin/sqlnet.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH= (TNSNAMES, EZCONNECT)

$ vi $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/listener.ora

# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /U01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/network/admin/listener.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

(SID_LIST =

(SID_DESC =

(SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)

(ORACLE_HOME = /U01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0)

(PROGRAM = extproc)

)

(SID_DESC =

(SID_NAME = dbatest)

(ORACLE_HOME = /U01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0)

)

LISTENER =

(DESCRIPTION_LIST =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1))

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = zw_75_57)(PORT = 1521))

)

$ vi $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora

# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /U01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/network/admin/tnsnames.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SID = PLSExtProc)

(PRESENTATION = RO)

)

test =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = zw_75_57)(PORT = 1521))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVICE_NAME = dbatest)(server=dedicated)

)

十、测试

$ ps -ef | grep 'ora_' （检查oracle10g是否启动）

$ lsnrctl status （检查监听是否启动）

$ tnsping test （检查配置的网络服务名是否正确）

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Linux下Oracle安装（非界面）

【一】Oracle静默安装操作系统：RHEL4U8 x86_64DB版本：Oracle 10gR2一、准备工作1、创建用户和组：# groupadd oinstall# groupadd dba# id oracle# useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle2、创建目录并修改权限：# mkdir
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