Web开发中获取Spring的ApplicationContext的几种方式
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在 WEB 开发中,获取到由 Spring 进行管理的某些 Bean,通常采用下面方式来获取
1、通过set注入方式
- <span>private ProjectStageHandler projectStageHandler;
- public void setProjectStageHandler(ProjectStageHandler projectStageHandler) {
- this.projectStageHandler = projectStageHandler;
- }
- </span>
<span>private ProjectStageHandler projectStageHandler;
public void setProjectStageHandler(ProjectStageHandler projectStageHandler) {
this.projectStageHandler = projectStageHandler;
}
</span>
2、通过注解方式
- <span>@Resource
- private ProjectStageHandler projectStageHandler;
- </span>
<span>@Resource
private ProjectStageHandler projectStageHandler;
</span>
今天遇到 需要显示的获得 ApplicationContext 来得到由 Spring 进行管理的某些 Bean,在这里和大家分享一下,WEB 开发中,怎么获取 ApplicationContext ( 如有不正确之处还请指点)
查找工程有没有这种实现,功夫没有白费还真找到了大致实现方式如下:
3、首先web.xml配置
- <span><listener>
- <listener-class>org.common.xxxServletContextListener</listener-class>
- </listener></span>
接着xxxServletContextListener.java
- <span>public class xxxServletContextListener implements ServletContextListener {
- //ServletContext创建时调用该方法
- public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent arg0){
- ServletContext context= arg0.getServletContext();
- System.out.println("监听器启动。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。");
- ApplicationCtx.init(context);
- }
- //ServletContext销毁时调用该方法
- public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent sce){
- System.out.println("ServletContext销毁");
- }
- } </span>
<span>public class xxxServletContextListener implements ServletContextListener {
//ServletContext创建时调用该方法
public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent arg0){
ServletContext context= arg0.getServletContext();
System.out.println("监听器启动。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。");
ApplicationCtx.init(context);
}
//ServletContext销毁时调用该方法
public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent sce){
System.out.println("ServletContext销毁");
}
} </span>
ApplicationCtx .java
- <span>public class ApplicationCtx {
- public static ApplicationContext ctx;
- public static ApplicationContext getCtx(){
- return ctx;
- }
- public static void init(ServletContext sc){
- if(ctx==null){
- ctx = WebApplicationContextUtils.getRequiredWebApplicationContext(sc);
- }
- }
- }</span>
<span>public class ApplicationCtx {
public static ApplicationContext ctx;
public static ApplicationContext getCtx(){
return ctx;
}
public static void init(ServletContext sc){
if(ctx==null){
ctx = WebApplicationContextUtils.getRequiredWebApplicationContext(sc);
}
}
}</span>
通过 ApplicationCtx.getCtx().getBean("xxx"); 就可以获到想要的bean啦
想想这种方式有点太罗嗦和麻烦,还有没有更简单的方式哪?有当然有。
4、首先要在spring.xml中加上
- <span><bean id="applicationContext" class="org.wy.util.AppliactionContextHelper"/></span>
当对AppliactionContextHelper实例时就自动设置applicationContext,以便后来可直接用applicationContext
- <span>
- public class AppliactionContextHelper implements ApplicationContextAware {
- private static ApplicationContext applicationContext; //Spring应用上下文环境
- /**
- * 实现ApplicationContextAware接口的回调方法,设置上下文环境
- * @param applicationContext
- * @throws BeansException
- */
- public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
- AppliactionContextHelper.applicationContext = applicationContext;
- }
- /**
- * @return ApplicationContext
- */
- public static ApplicationContext getApplicationContext() {
- return applicationContext;
- }
- /**
- * 获取对象
- * @param name
- * @return Object 一个以所给名字注册的bean的实例
- * @throws BeansException
- */
- public static Object getBean(String name) throws BeansException {
- return applicationContext.getBean(name);
- }
- /**
- * 获取类型为requiredType的对象
- * 如果bean不能被类型转换,相应的异常将会被抛出(BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException)
- * @param name bean注册名
- * @param requiredType 返回对象类型
- * @return Object 返回requiredType类型对象
- * @throws BeansException
- */
- public static Object getBean(String name, Class requiredType) throws BeansException {
- return applicationContext.getBean(name, requiredType);
- }
- /**
- * 如果BeanFactory包含一个与所给名称匹配的bean定义,则返回true
- * @param name
- * @return boolean
- */
- public static boolean containsBean(String name) {
- return applicationContext.containsBean(name);
- }
- /**
- * 判断以给定名字注册的bean定义是一个singleton还是一个prototype。
- * 如果与给定名字相应的bean定义没有被找到,将会抛出一个异常(NoSuchBeanDefinitionException)
- * @param name
- * @return boolean
- * @throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException
- */
- public static boolean isSingleton(String name) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException {
- return applicationContext.isSingleton(name);
- }
- /**
- * @param name
- * @return Class 注册对象的类型
- * @throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException
- */
- public static Class getType(String name) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException {
- return applicationContext.getType(name);
- }
- /**
- * 如果给定的bean名字在bean定义中有别名,则返回这些别名
- * @param name
- * @return
- * @throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException
- */
- public static String[] getAliases(String name) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException {
- return applicationContext.getAliases(name);
- }
- }
- </span>
<span>
public class AppliactionContextHelper implements ApplicationContextAware {
private static ApplicationContext applicationContext; //Spring应用上下文环境
/**
* 实现ApplicationContextAware接口的回调方法,设置上下文环境
* @param applicationContext
* @throws BeansException
*/
public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
AppliactionContextHelper.applicationContext = applicationContext;
}
/**
* @return ApplicationContext
*/
public static ApplicationContext getApplicationContext() {
return applicationContext;
}
/**
* 获取对象
* @param name
* @return Object 一个以所给名字注册的bean的实例
* @throws BeansException
*/
public static Object getBean(String name) throws BeansException {
return applicationContext.getBean(name);
}
/**
* 获取类型为requiredType的对象
* 如果bean不能被类型转换,相应的异常将会被抛出(BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException)
* @param name bean注册名
* @param requiredType 返回对象类型
* @return Object 返回requiredType类型对象
* @throws BeansException
*/
public static Object getBean(String name, Class requiredType) throws BeansException {
return applicationContext.getBean(name, requiredType);
}
/**
* 如果BeanFactory包含一个与所给名称匹配的bean定义,则返回true
* @param name
* @return boolean
*/
public static boolean containsBean(String name) {
return applicationContext.containsBean(name);
}
/**
* 判断以给定名字注册的bean定义是一个singleton还是一个prototype。
* 如果与给定名字相应的bean定义没有被找到,将会抛出一个异常(NoSuchBeanDefinitionException)
* @param name
* @return boolean
* @throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException
*/
public static boolean isSingleton(String name) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException {
return applicationContext.isSingleton(name);
}
/**
* @param name
* @return Class 注册对象的类型
* @throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException
*/
public static Class getType(String name) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException {
return applicationContext.getType(name);
}
/**
* 如果给定的bean名字在bean定义中有别名,则返回这些别名
* @param name
* @return
* @throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException
*/
public static String[] getAliases(String name) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException {
return applicationContext.getAliases(name);
}
}
</span>
通过AppliactionContextHelper.getBean("xxx");就可以获到想要的bean啦
5、
利用ClassPathXmlApplicationContext
可以从classpath中读取XML文件
(1) ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
UserDao userDao = (UserDao)context.getBean("userDao");
(2) ClassPathXmlApplicationContext resource = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[]{"applicationContext-ibatis-oracle.xml","applicationContext.xml","applicationContext-data-oracle.xml"});
BeanFactory factory = resource;
factory.getBean("xxx");
这种方式只适合非web中的应用程序中。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
转载:
获得spring里注册Bean的四种方法,特别是第三种方法,简单:
一:方法一(多在struts框架中)继承BaseDispatchAction
- <span>
- import com.mas.wawacommunity.wap.service.UserManager;
- public class BaseDispatchAction extends DispatchAction {
- /**
- * web应用上下文环境变量
- */
- protected WebApplicationContext ctx;
- protected UserManager userMgr;
- /**
- * 获得注册Bean
- * @param beanName String 注册Bean的名称
- * @return
- */
- protected final Object getBean(String beanName) {
- return ctx.getBean(beanName);
- }
- protected ActionForward unspecified(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
- javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest request,
- javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse response) {
- return mapping.findForward("index");
- }
- public void setServlet(ActionServlet servlet) {
- this.servlet = servlet;
- this.ctx = WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(servlet.getServletContext());
- this.userMgr = (UserManager) getBean("userManager");
- }
- }
- </span>
<span>
import com.mas.wawacommunity.wap.service.UserManager;
public class BaseDispatchAction extends DispatchAction {
/**
* web应用上下文环境变量
*/
protected WebApplicationContext ctx;
protected UserManager userMgr;
/**
* 获得注册Bean
* @param beanName String 注册Bean的名称
* @return
*/
protected final Object getBean(String beanName) {
return ctx.getBean(beanName);
}
protected ActionForward unspecified(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest request,
javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse response) {
return mapping.findForward("index");
}
public void setServlet(ActionServlet servlet) {
this.servlet = servlet;
this.ctx = WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(servlet.getServletContext());
this.userMgr = (UserManager) getBean("userManager");
}
}
</span>
二:方法二实现BeanFactoryAware
一定要在spring.xml中加上:
- <span><bean id="serviceLocator" class="com.am.oa.commons.service.ServiceLocator" singleton="true" />
- </span>
当对serviceLocator实例时就自动设置BeanFactory,以便后来可直接用 beanFactory
- <span>public class UserAction extends BaseAction implements Action,ModelDriven{
- private Users user = new Users();
- protected ServiceLocator service = ServiceLocator.getInstance();
- UserService userService = (UserService)service.getService("userService");
- public String execute() throws Exception {
- return SUCCESS;
- }
- public Object getModel() {
- return user;
- }
- public String getAllUser(){
- HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
- List ls=userService.LoadAllObject( Users.class );
- request.setAttribute("user",ls);
- this.setUrl("/yonghu.jsp");
- return SUCCESS;
- }
- }
- </span>
<span>public class UserAction extends BaseAction implements Action,ModelDriven{
private Users user = new Users();
protected ServiceLocator service = ServiceLocator.getInstance();
UserService userService = (UserService)service.getService("userService");
public String execute() throws Exception {
return SUCCESS;
}
public Object getModel() {
return user;
}
public String getAllUser(){
HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
List ls=userService.LoadAllObject( Users.class );
request.setAttribute("user",ls);
this.setUrl("/yonghu.jsp");
return SUCCESS;
}
}
</span>
三:方法三实现ApplicationContextAware,一定要在spring.xml中加上:
- <span><bean id="SpringContextUtil " class="com.am.oa.commons.service.SpringContextUtil " singleton="true" />
- </span>
当对SpringContextUtil 实例时就自动设置applicationContext,以便后来可直接用applicationContext
- <span>
- public class SpringContextUtil implements ApplicationContextAware {
- private static ApplicationContext applicationContext; //Spring应用上下文环境
- /**
- * 实现ApplicationContextAware接口的回调方法,设置上下文环境
- * @param applicationContext
- * @throws BeansException
- */
- public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
- SpringContextUtil.applicationContext = applicationContext;
- }
- /**
- * @return ApplicationContext
- */
- public static ApplicationContext getApplicationContext() {
- return applicationContext;
- }
- /**
- * 获取对象
- * @param name
- * @return Object 一个以所给名字注册的bean的实例
- * @throws BeansException
- */
- public static Object getBean(String name) throws BeansException {
- return applicationContext.getBean(name);
- }
- /**
- * 获取类型为requiredType的对象
- * 如果bean不能被类型转换,相应的异常将会被抛出(BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException)
- * @param name bean注册名
- * @param requiredType 返回对象类型
- * @return Object 返回requiredType类型对象
- * @throws BeansException
- */
- public static Object getBean(String name, Class requiredType) throws BeansException {
- return applicationContext.getBean(name, requiredType);
- }
- /**
- * 如果BeanFactory包含一个与所给名称匹配的bean定义,则返回true
- * @param name
- * @return boolean
- */
- public static boolean containsBean(String name) {
- return applicationContext.containsBean(name);
- }
- /**
- * 判断以给定名字注册的bean定义是一个singleton还是一个prototype。
- * 如果与给定名字相应的bean定义没有被找到,将会抛出一个异常(NoSuchBeanDefinitionException)
- * @param name
- * @return boolean
- * @throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException
- */
- public static boolean isSingleton(String name) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException {
- return applicationContext.isSingleton(name);
- }
- /**
- * @param name
- * @return Class 注册对象的类型
- * @throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException
- */
- public static Class getType(String name) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException {
- return applicationContext.getType(name);
- }
- /**
- * 如果给定的bean名字在bean定义中有别名,则返回这些别名
- * @param name
- * @return
- * @throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException
- */
- public static String[] getAliases(String name) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException {
- return applicationContext.getAliases(name);
- }
- }
- </span>
<span>
public class SpringContextUtil implements ApplicationContextAware {
private static ApplicationContext applicationContext; //Spring应用上下文环境
/**
* 实现ApplicationContextAware接口的回调方法,设置上下文环境
* @param applicationContext
* @throws BeansException
*/
public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
SpringContextUtil.applicationContext = applicationContext;
}
/**
* @return ApplicationContext
*/
public static ApplicationContext getApplicationContext() {
return applicationContext;
}
/**
* 获取对象
* @param name
* @return Object 一个以所给名字注册的bean的实例
* @throws BeansException
*/
public static Object getBean(String name) throws BeansException {
return applicationContext.getBean(name);
}
/**
* 获取类型为requiredType的对象
* 如果bean不能被类型转换,相应的异常将会被抛出(BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException)
* @param name bean注册名
* @param requiredType 返回对象类型
* @return Object 返回requiredType类型对象
* @throws BeansException
*/
public static Object getBean(String name, Class requiredType) throws BeansException {
return applicationContext.getBean(name, requiredType);
}
/**
* 如果BeanFactory包含一个与所给名称匹配的bean定义,则返回true
* @param name
* @return boolean
*/
public static boolean containsBean(String name) {
return applicationContext.containsBean(name);
}
/**
* 判断以给定名字注册的bean定义是一个singleton还是一个prototype。
* 如果与给定名字相应的bean定义没有被找到,将会抛出一个异常(NoSuchBeanDefinitionException)
* @param name
* @return boolean
* @throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException
*/
public static boolean isSingleton(String name) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException {
return applicationContext.isSingleton(name);
}
/**
* @param name
* @return Class 注册对象的类型
* @throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException
*/
public static Class getType(String name) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException {
return applicationContext.getType(name);
}
/**
* 如果给定的bean名字在bean定义中有别名,则返回这些别名
* @param name
* @return
* @throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException
*/
public static String[] getAliases(String name) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException {
return applicationContext.getAliases(name);
}
}
</span>
action调用:
- <span>package com.anymusic.oa.webwork;
- import java.util.List;
- import java.util.Map;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
- import com.anymusic.oa.commons.service.ServiceLocator;
- import com.anymusic.oa.hibernate.pojo.Role;
- import com.anymusic.oa.hibernate.pojo.Users;
- import com.anymusic.oa.spring.IUserService;
- import com.opensymphony.webwork.ServletActionContext;
- import com.opensymphony.xwork.Action;
- import com.opensymphony.xwork.ActionContext;
- import com.opensymphony.xwork.ModelDriven;
- public class UserAction extends BaseAction implements Action,ModelDriven{
- private Users user = new Users();
- //不用再加载springContext.xml 文件,因为在web.xml中配置了,在程序中启动是就有了.
- UserService userService = (UserService) SpringContextUtil.getBean("userService");
- public String execute() throws Exception {
- return SUCCESS;
- }
- public Object getModel() {
- return user;
- }
- public String getAllUser(){
- HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
- List ls=userService.LoadAllObject( Users.class );
- request.setAttribute("user",ls);
- this.setUrl("/yonghu.jsp");
- return SUCCESS;
- }
- }
- </span>
<span>package com.anymusic.oa.webwork;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import com.anymusic.oa.commons.service.ServiceLocator;
import com.anymusic.oa.hibernate.pojo.Role;
import com.anymusic.oa.hibernate.pojo.Users;
import com.anymusic.oa.spring.IUserService;
import com.opensymphony.webwork.ServletActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork.Action;
import com.opensymphony.xwork.ActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork.ModelDriven;
public class UserAction extends BaseAction implements Action,ModelDriven{
private Users user = new Users();
//不用再加载springContext.xml 文件,因为在web.xml中配置了,在程序中启动是就有了.
UserService userService = (UserService) SpringContextUtil.getBean("userService");
public String execute() throws Exception {
return SUCCESS;
}
public Object getModel() {
return user;
}
public String getAllUser(){
HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
List ls=userService.LoadAllObject( Users.class );
request.setAttribute("user",ls);
this.setUrl("/yonghu.jsp");
return SUCCESS;
}
}
</span>
四.通过servlet 或listener设置spring的 ApplicationContext,以便后来引用.
注意分别extends ContextLoaderListener和ContextLoaderServlet .然后就可用SpringContext 来getBean.
覆盖原来在web.xml中配置的listener或servlet.