1.驱动编写后是一个C文件,通过make命令对其进行编译,生成 .KO文件,这个文件就是可执行的驱动文件,通过使用insmod xx.ko即可执行此驱动文件。如下为一个完整的驱动程序C文件。(用的是讯为开发板教程文件)
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
/*驱动注册的头文件,包含驱动的结构体和注册和卸载的函数*/
#include <linux/platform_device.h>
#define DRIVER_NAME "hello_ctl"
MODULE_LICENSE("Dual BSD/GPL");
MODULE_AUTHOR("TOPEET");
static int hello_probe(struct platform_device *pdv){
printk(KERN_EMERG "\tinitialized\n");
return 0;
}
static int hello_remove(struct platform_device *pdv){
return 0;
}
static void hello_shutdown(struct platform_device *pdv){
;
}
static int hello_suspend(struct platform_device *pdv){
return 0;
}
static int hello_resume(struct platform_device *pdv){
return 0;
}
struct platform_driver hello_driver = {
.probe = hello_probe,
.remove = hello_remove,
.shutdown = hello_shutdown,
.suspend = hello_suspend,
.resume = hello_resume,
.driver = {
.name = DRIVER_NAME,
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
}
};
static int hello_init(void)
{
int DriverState;
printk(KERN_EMERG "HELLO WORLD enter!\n");
DriverState = platform_driver_register(&hello_driver);
printk(KERN_EMERG "\tDriverState is %d\n",DriverState);
return 0;
}
static void hello_exit(void)
{
printk(KERN_EMERG "HELLO WORLD exit!\n");
platform_driver_register(&hello_driver);
}
module_init(hello_init);
module_exit(hello_exit);
2.程序运行步骤如下 :注册驱动 insmod 命令->module_init(hello_init)函数->static int hello_init(void),
->platform_driver_register(&hello_driver)->hello_probe函数;
删除驱动 :rmmod命令->module_exit(hello_exit)->static void hello_exit(void)->platform_driver_register(&hello_driver);
3.上面的操作只能注册驱动,如何让应用来调用驱动呢?这就得注册设备节点,有了设备节点,应用程序就能像打开文件一样打开节点,然后对其操控。完整程序如下:
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
/*驱动注册的头文件,包含驱动的结构体和注册和卸载的函数*/
#include <linux/platform_device.h>
/*注册杂项设备头文件*/
#include <linux/miscdevice.h>
/*注册设备节点的文件结构体*/
#include <linux/fs.h>
#define DRIVER_NAME "hello_ctl"
#define DEVICE_NAME "hello_ctl123"
MODULE_LICENSE("Dual BSD/GPL");
MODULE_AUTHOR("TOPEET");
static long hello_ioctl( struct file *files, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg){
printk("cmd is %d,arg is %d\n",cmd,arg);
return 0;
}
static int hello_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file){
printk(KERN_EMERG "hello release\n");
return 0;
}
static int hello_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file){
printk(KERN_EMERG "hello open\n");
return 0;
}
static struct file_operations hello_ops = {
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
.open = hello_open,
.release = hello_release,
.unlocked_ioctl = hello_ioctl,
};
static struct miscdevice hello_dev = {
.minor = MISC_DYNAMIC_MINOR,
.name = DEVICE_NAME,
.fops = &hello_ops,
};
static int hello_probe(struct platform_device *pdv){
printk(KERN_EMERG "\tinitialized\n");
misc_register(&hello_dev);
return 0;
}
static int hello_remove(struct platform_device *pdv){
printk(KERN_EMERG "\tremove\n");
misc_deregister(&hello_dev);
return 0;
}
static void hello_shutdown(struct platform_device *pdv){
;
}
static int hello_suspend(struct platform_device *pdv,pm_message_t pmt){
return 0;
}
static int hello_resume(struct platform_device *pdv){
return 0;
}
struct platform_driver hello_driver = {
.probe = hello_probe,
.remove = hello_remove,
.shutdown = hello_shutdown,
.suspend = hello_suspend,
.resume = hello_resume,
.driver = {
.name = DRIVER_NAME,
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
}
};
static int hello_init(void)
{
int DriverState;
printk(KERN_EMERG "HELLO WORLD enter!\n");
DriverState = platform_driver_register(&hello_driver);
printk(KERN_EMERG "\tDriverState is %d\n",DriverState);
return 0;
}
static void hello_exit(void)
{
printk(KERN_EMERG "HELLO WORLD exit!\n");
platform_driver_unregister(&hello_driver);
}
module_init(hello_init);
module_exit(hello_exit);
4.注册设备节点的过程如下:
insmod 命令->module_init(hello_init)函数->static int hello_init(void),
->platform_driver_register(&hello_driver)->hello_probe函数-> misc_register(&hello_dev);
就是在hello_probe函数增加了misc_register(&hello_dev);注册成功可在dev目录下看到hello_dev结构体中定义的设备节点名。
5.设备节点怎么用呢?代码如下:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
main(){
int fd;
char *hello_node = "/dev/hello_ctl123";
/*O_RDWR只读打开,O_NDELAY非阻塞方式*/
if((fd = open(hello_node,O_RDWR|O_NDELAY))<0){
printf("APP open %s failed",hello_node);
}
else{
printf("APP open %s success",hello_node);
ioctl(fd,1,6);
}
close(fd);
}
6.运行上面的程序,open函数打开设备节点,ioctl函数操作设备节点,open函数和ioctl函数通过结构体
static struct file_operations hello_ops = {
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
.open = hello_open,
.release = hello_release,
.unlocked_ioctl = hello_ioctl,
};
映射到驱动程序的hello_open,hello_ioctl函数。而close(fd)就会映射hello_release函数。
注:以上程序源码都是用的讯为开发板程序代码。