Fragment的数据传递

最新推荐文章于 2022-05-07 03:17:38 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-05-07 03:17:38 发布

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分类专栏： Android

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/w_t_y_y/article/details/64443868

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讲到数据传递，这里得先了解Fragment的生命周期：

Activity传递数据给Fragment：
在Activity中创建Bundle数据包，调用Fragment实例的setArguments(bundle)从而将Bundle数据包传给Fragment，然后Fragment中调用getArguments获得Bundle对象，然后进行解析就可以了。

下面来看几个例子：

一、利用Bundle生成初始值

1.存值：

activity_main.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context="com.example.administrator.fragment_static.MainActivity"
    android:orientation="vertical"
   >


   <EditText
       android:hint="input"
       android:id="@+id/main_et"
       android:layout_width="wrap_content"
       android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/send_btn"
        android:text="传递数据"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
    <FrameLayout
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:id="@+id/fragment_content"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="0dp"></FrameLayout>
</LinearLayout>

MainActivity：

package com.example.administrator.fragment_massage1;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.FragmentManager;
import android.app.FragmentTransaction;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MainActivity extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener{
    private Button send_btn;
    private EditText inputEt;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        send_btn=(Button)findViewById(R.id.send_btn);
        send_btn.setOnClickListener(this);
       inputEt=(EditText)super.findViewById(R.id.main_et);
        AFragment aFragment=new AFragment();
        String s="这是初始值";
        Bundle bundle=new Bundle();
        bundle.putString("data",s);
        aFragment.setArguments(bundle);

        FragmentManager fragmentManager=getFragmentManager();
        fragmentManager.beginTransaction().replace(R.id.fragment_content,aFragment).commit();
    }
    public void onClick(View view){

    }
}

2.取值

fragment_a.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/fragment_tv"
        android:text="这是A"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

</LinearLayout>

AFragment：

package com.example.administrator.fragment_massage1;

import android.app.Fragment;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.TextView;

/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2017/3/21.
 */
public class AFragment extends Fragment {
    private TextView textView;
    @Nullable
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_a,container,false);
    }
   @Override
    public void onViewCreated(View view,Bundle savedInstanceState){
       super.onViewCreated(view,savedInstanceState);
       //当Fragment的视图创建完成之后会回调
       textView=(TextView)view.findViewById(R.id.fragment_tv);
   }
    public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState){
        super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);
        //做数据的处理
        Bundle bundle=getArguments();
        String s=bundle.getString("data");
        textView.setText(s);

    }
}

二、上面的方法只适合用于Fragment拿到一些初始值，因为如果调用了setArguments,那么Fragment必须调用getArguments才能拿到Bundle。但是如果Fragment的生命周期已经显示到了屏幕上，它是没办法走回onActivityCreated这个周期的。所以如果Fragment已经显示到了屏幕上，可以在Fragment类中自定义一个set方法，然后在Activity中调用，因为这个Fragment的对象是在Activity中new出来的，自然可以调用自身的方法了。下面自定义一个setData方法来实现这样的功能：

布局文件不变：

AFragment：

package com.example.administrator.fragment_massage1;

import android.app.Fragment;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.TextView;

/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2017/3/21.
 */
public class AFragment extends Fragment {
    private TextView textView;
    @Nullable
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_a,container,false);
    }
   @Override
    public void onViewCreated(View view,Bundle savedInstanceState){
       super.onViewCreated(view,savedInstanceState);
       //当Fragment的视图创建完成之后会回调
       textView=(TextView)view.findViewById(R.id.fragment_tv);
   }
    public void setDate(String s){
        if(textView!=null){
            textView.setText(s);
        }
    }
    public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState){
        super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);
        //做数据的处理
        Bundle bundle=getArguments();
        String s=bundle.getString("data");
        textView.setText(s);

    }
}

MainActivity：

package com.example.administrator.fragment_massage1;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.FragmentManager;
import android.app.FragmentTransaction;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MainActivity extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener{
    private Button send_btn;
    private EditText inputEt;
    private   AFragment aFragment;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        send_btn=(Button)findViewById(R.id.send_btn);
        send_btn.setOnClickListener(this);
       inputEt=(EditText)super.findViewById(R.id.main_et);
       aFragment=new AFragment();
        String s="这是初始值";
        Bundle bundle=new Bundle();
        bundle.putString("data",s);
        aFragment.setArguments(bundle);

        FragmentManager fragmentManager=getFragmentManager();
        fragmentManager.beginTransaction().replace(R.id.fragment_content,aFragment).commit();
    }
    public void onClick(View view){
        String s=inputEt.getText().toString();
        aFragment.setDate(s);

    }
}

Fragment传递数据给Activity：

因为Fragment中没有Activity的对象，所以可以在Fragment中定义一个内部回调接口，再让包含该Fragment的Activity实现该回调接口，Fragment就可以通过回调接口传递数据了。

fragment_a.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/fragment_tv"
        android:text="这是A"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
    <Button
        android:text="向Activity中添加数据"
        android:id="@+id/fragment_btn"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

</LinearLayout>

AFragment:

package com.example.administrator.fragment_massage1;

import android.app.Fragment;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;

/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2017/3/21.
 */
public class AFragment extends Fragment {
    private TextView textView;
    private Button button;
    private DataChange dataChange;
    public void setDataChange(DataChange dataChange){
        this.dataChange=dataChange;
    }
    @Nullable
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_a,container,false);
    }
   @Override
    public void onViewCreated(View view,Bundle savedInstanceState){
       super.onViewCreated(view,savedInstanceState);
       //当Fragment的视图创建完成之后会回调
       textView=(TextView)view.findViewById(R.id.fragment_tv);
       button=(Button)view.findViewById(R.id.fragment_btn);
       button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener(){

           @Override
           public void onClick(View v) {
               if(dataChange!=null){
                   String s=textView.getText().toString();
                   dataChange.onDataChange(s);
               }
           }
       });
   }
    public void setDate(String s){
        if(textView!=null){
            textView.setText(s);
        }
    }
    public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState){
        super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);
        //做数据的处理
        Bundle bundle=getArguments();
        String s=bundle.getString("data");
        textView.setText(s);

    }
}

activity_main.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context="com.example.administrator.fragment_static.MainActivity"
    android:orientation="vertical"
   >


   <EditText
       android:hint="input"
       android:id="@+id/main_et"
       android:layout_width="wrap_content"
       android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/send_btn"
        android:text="传递数据"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/main_tv"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
    <FrameLayout
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:id="@+id/fragment_content"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="0dp"></FrameLayout>
</LinearLayout>

MainActivity:

package com.example.administrator.fragment_massage1;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.FragmentManager;
import android.app.FragmentTransaction;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MainActivity extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener{
    private Button send_btn;
    private EditText inputEt;
    private   AFragment aFragment;
    private TextView mainTv;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        send_btn=(Button)findViewById(R.id.send_btn);
        mainTv=(TextView)super.findViewById(R.id.main_tv);
        send_btn.setOnClickListener(this);
       inputEt=(EditText)super.findViewById(R.id.main_et);
       aFragment=new AFragment();
        String s="这是初始值";
        Bundle bundle=new Bundle();
        bundle.putString("data",s);
        aFragment.setArguments(bundle);
aFragment.setDataChange(new DataChange() {
    @Override
    public void onDataChange(String data) {
        mainTv.setText(data);
    }
});
        FragmentManager fragmentManager=getFragmentManager();
        fragmentManager.beginTransaction().replace(R.id.fragment_content,aFragment).commit();
    }
    public void onClick(View view){
        String s=inputEt.getText().toString();
        aFragment.setDate(s);

    }
}

DataChange接口:

package com.example.administrator.fragment_massage1;

/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2017/3/21.
 */
public interface DataChange {
    void onDataChange(String data);
}

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Fragment的数据传递

讲到数据传递，这里得先了解Fragment的生命周期：Activity传递数据给Fragment：在Activity中创建Bundle数据包，调用Fragment实例的setArguments(bundle)从而将Bundle数据包传给Fragment，然后Fragment中调用getArguments获得Bundle对象，然后进行解析就可以了。下面来看几个例子：一、利用B
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