模板：数学分析

数学分析

增长趋势

$n\to +\infty ,\forall p,q>0,a>1,{(\ln n)}^q\ll n^p\ll a^n\ll n!\ll n^n$

积分表

反读可得导数表，此处略。
$\int k\mathrm{d}x=kx+C$
$\int x^{a}dx=\frac{x^{a+1}}{a+1}+C$
$\int \frac{1}{x}dx=\ln |x|+C$
$\int e^{x}dx=e^x+C$
$\int a^{x}dx=\frac{a^x}{\ln a}+C$
$\int \cos xdx=\sin x+C$
$\int \sin xdx=-\cos x+C$
$\int \frac{1}{co{s}^{2}x}dx=\int {\sec }^{2}xdx=\tan x+C$
$\int \frac{1}{si{n}^{2}x}dx=\int {\csc }^{2}xdx=-\cot x+C$
$\int \frac{1}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}dx=\arcsin x+C=-\arccos x+C$
$\int \frac{1}{1+x^2}dx=\arctan x+C=-arccotx+C$
$\int \sec x\tan xdx=\sec x+C$
$\int \csc x\cot xdx=-\csc x+C$
$\int \tan xdx=-\ln |\cos x|+C$
$\int \cot xdx=\ln |\sin x|+C$
$\int \sec xdx=\ln |\sec x+\tan x|+C$
$\int \csc xdx=\ln |\csc x-\cot x|+C$
$\int shxdx=chx+C$
$\int chxdx=shx+C$
$\int \frac{1}{x^2+a^2}dx=\frac{1}{a}\arctan \frac{x}{a}+C$
$\int \frac{1}{x^2-a^2}dx=\frac{1}{2a}\ln |\frac{x-a}{x+a}|+C$
$\int \frac{1}{\sqrt{a^2-x^2}}dx=\arcsin \frac{x}{a}+C$
$\int \frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2-a^2}}dx=\ln |x+\sqrt{x^2-a^2}|+C$
$\int \frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2+a^2}}dx=\ln |x+\sqrt{x^2+a^2}|+C$

积分求几何量

面积

若简单闭曲线$$\{\begin{array}{l}x=x(t),\\ y=y(t),\end{array}t\in [\alpha ,\beta ]$$端点处连续（$x(\alpha )=x(\beta ),y(\alpha )=y(\beta )$）且其他地方不自交，$x(t),y(t)$都逐段有连续微商，则此闭合曲线围起来的有界区域面积$$S=-{\int }_{\alpha }^{\beta }{x}^{\prime }(t)y(t)dt=-{\int }_{\alpha }$$