am57xx Damo根文件加载过程

最新推荐文章于 2023-05-31 15:18:46 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-05-31 15:18:46 发布

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分类专栏： Linux 驱动开发、文件系统、boot总结

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/wade_510/article/details/71937784

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am57xx_env根文件加载过程

1. /etc/inittab

# The default runlevel.

id:5:initdefault: /*默认启动级别为5*/

si::sysinit:/etc/init.d/rcS

# What to do in single-user mode.

~~:S:wait:/sbin/sulogin

# /etc/init.d executes the S and K scripts upon change of runlevel.

# Runlevel 0 is halt；Runlevel 1 is single-user；Runlevels 2-5 are multi-user；Runlevel 6 is reboot.

l0:0:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 0

l1:1:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 1

l2:2:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 2

l3:3:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 3

l4:4:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 4

l5:5:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 5

l6:6:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 6

# Normally not reached, but fallthrough in case of emergency.

z6:6:respawn:/sbin/sulogin

O2:12345:respawn:/sbin/getty -L 115200 ttyO2

1:12345:respawn:/sbin/getty 38400 tty1

总结：在etc目录中目录rc0.d、rc1.d、rc2.d、rc3.d、rc4.d、rc5.d、rc6.d、rcS.d表示不同运行等级，其中只是链接文件，实际指向目录/etc/init.d中文件；不同级别对应不同目录，运行了不同个数的脚本。

2. /etc/init.d/rcS

#!/bin/sh

PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin

runlevel=S

prevlevel=N

umask 022

export PATH runlevel prevlevel

# Make sure proc is mounted

[ -d "/proc/1" ] || mount /proc /*确认proc并挂载*/

. /etc/default/rcS /*为/etc/rcS.d目录中启动脚本设置默认值*/

# Trap CTRL-C &c only in this shell so we can interrupt subprocesses.

trap ":" INT QUIT TSTP

# Call all parts in order.

exec /etc/init.d/rc S /*使用S等级启动服务*/

--- /etc/default/rcS

#Defaults for the boot scripts in /etc/rcS.d

# Time files in /tmp are kept in days.

TMPTIME=0

# Set to yes if you want sulogin to be spawned on bootup

SULOGIN=no

# Set to no if you want to be able to login over telnet/rlogin

# before system startup is complete (as soon as inetd is started)

DELAYLOGIN=no

# Assume that the BIOS clock is set to UTC time (recommended)

UTC=yes /*使用BIOS时钟设置UTC时间*/

# Set VERBOSE to "no" if you would like a more quiet bootup.

VERBOSE=no /*设置VERBOSE为no，可以更加简便的启动*/

# Set EDITMOTD to "no" if you don't want /etc/motd to be edited automatically

EDITMOTD=no

# Whether to fsck root on boot

ENABLE_ROOTFS_FSCK=no

# Set FSCKFIX to "yes" if you want to add "-y" to the fsck at startup.

FSCKFIX=yes

# Set TICKADJ to the correct tick value for this specific machine

#TICKADJ=10000

# Enable caching in populate-volatile.sh

VOLATILE_ENABLE_CACHE=yes

# Indicate whether the rootfs is intended to be read-only or not.

# Setting ROOTFS_READ_ONLY to yes and rebooting will give you a read-only rootfs.

# Normally you should not change this value.

ROOTFS_READ_ONLY=no

--- /etc/init.d/rc

#!/bin/sh

. /etc/default/rcS

export VERBOSE

startup_progress()

{

step=$(($step + $step_change))

if [ "$num_steps" != "0" ]; then

progress=$((($step * $progress_size / $num_steps) + $first_step))

else

progress=$progress_size

if [ -e /mnt/.psplash/psplash_fifo ]; then

echo "PROGRESS $progress" > /mnt/.psplash/psplash_fifo

}

startup()

{

[ "$VERBOSE" = very ] && echo "INIT: Running $@..."

/*以.sh结尾的脚本是必须执行的脚本，不是以.sh结尾的脚本服务是可以开启或关闭的，通过start或stop参数*/

case "$1" in /*传入的第一个参数是要执行的文件名，第二个参数是start*/

*.sh)

(/*若文件名是以.sh结尾的则执行这个脚本*/

trap - INT QUIT TSTP

scriptname=$1

shift

. $scriptname

)

;;

*) /*若不是以.sh结尾的*/

/*实际上rc进程调用的脚本都称为初始化脚本。要启动、停止或者重启一个服务，应该用参数start、stop和restart。*/

"$@" /*执行这个脚本带参数，比如传入的是$@=“/etc/rcS.d/S02banner start”，即带start参数执行这个脚本，这样可以灵活的控制服务的start或者stop*/

;;

esac

startup_progress

}

#忽略这三个信号，防止脚本执行时使用ctrl-C就退出脚本.

trap ":" INT QUIT TSTP

#设置终端,将CR字符映射为NL字符,避免阶梯效应

stty onlcr 0>&1

# Limit stack size for startup scripts

[ "$STACK_SIZE" == "" ] || ulimit -S -s $STACK_SIZE

# Now find out what the current and what the previous runlevel are.

runlevel=$RUNLEVEL

# Get first argument. Set new runlevel to this argument.

[ "$1" != "" ] && runlevel=$1

if [ "$runlevel" = "" ]

then

echo "Usage: $0 <runlevel>" >&2

exit 1

previous=$PREVLEVEL

[ "$previous" = "" ] && previous=N

/*传入参数是S的话，则runlevel=S、previous=N*/

export runlevel previous

/*检查该目录是否为空目录，执行里面的脚本等*/

if [ -d /etc/rc$runlevel.d ]

then

PROGRESS_STATE=0

progress_size=$(((100 - $PROGRESS_STATE) / 3))

case "$runlevel" in

0|6)

first_step=-100

progress_size=100

step_change=1

;;

first_step=$PROGRESS_STATE

progress_size=$(($progress_size * 2))

step_change=1

;;

first_step=$(($progress_size * 2 + $PROGRESS_STATE))

step_change=1

;;

esac

num_steps=0

for s in /etc/rc$runlevel.d/[SK]*; /*取/etc/rcS.d目录下以S或K开头的文件名*/

/*去掉变量s中所有的/etc/rcS.d/S?的部分,若s剩下的文件名中为这5个中则跳出for*/

case "${s##/etc/rc$runlevel.d/S??}" in

gdm|xdm|kdm|reboot|halt)

break

;;

esac

num_steps=$(($num_steps + 1))/*表示查找到目录/etc/rcS.d下有多少个脚本*/

done

step=0

/*第一步，运行KILL脚本*/

if [ $previous != N ]

then

for i in /etc/rc$runlevel.d/K[0-9][0-9]*

[ ! -f $i ] && continue

startup $i stop /*在本文件中startup()函数*/

done

/*第二步，运行这个级别的START脚本*/

for i in /etc/rc$runlevel.d/S* /*取得S开头的脚本*/

[ ! -f $i ] && continue /*检查是否为常规文件，不是则进行下次循环*/

/*如果previous=N/S，则此if语句不执行*/

if [ $previous != N ] && [ $previous != S ]

then

suffix=${i#/etc/rc$runlevel.d/S[0-9][0-9]} /*获得i文件名的后缀*/

stop=/etc/rc$runlevel.d/K[0-9][0-9]$suffix /*获得stop文件名*/

previous_start=/etc/rc$previous.d/S[0-9][0-9]$suffix

/*如果有起始脚本并且灭有停止脚本，则不进行这项服务，continue继续下一次循环*/

[ -f $previous_start ] && [ ! -f $stop ] && continue

case "$runlevel" in

0|6) /*运行级别0或者6*/

startup $i stop

;;

*) /*在本文件中startup()函数，运行名称$i的脚本*/

startup $i start

;;

esac

done

if [ "x$runlevel" != "xS" ] && [ ! -x /etc/rc${runlevel}.d/S??xserver-nodm ]; then

if type psplash-write >/dev/null 2>&1; then

TMPDIR=/mnt/.psplash psplash-write "QUIT" || true

umount -l /mnt/.psplash

3. /etc/init.d/***

3.1 /etc/init.d/alignment.sh

#!/bin/sh

if [ -e /proc/cpu/alignment ]; then

echo "3" > /proc/cpu/alignment

/* 设置Linux对出现字节对齐错误的处理方式：0（忽略），1（提醒警告），2（修复），3（修复+提醒警告），4（信号），5（信号+提醒警告）*/

3.2 /etc/init.d/alsa-state（声音系统）

安装了alsa的驱动，但是每一次开机的时候，声卡总是静音，要进行手工调解。

决定进行改造：

每次重启电脑后，音量设置都复位了，需重新调整音量。经研究，原来是我没有把ALSA声音系统的当前设置状态保存到 /var/lib/alsa/asound.state中。而每次重启电脑时，ALSA系统的初始化脚本（/etc/init.d/alsa）会用 /var/lib/alsa/asound.state这个默认的配置文件来设置ALSA系统的状态。所以就造成用户自已配置的状态失效，每次重启都还原到初始状态。有一个工具叫alsactl，它可自动把当前配置信息保存到/var/lib/alsa/asound.state中。alsactl包含在alsa-utils软件包中。用以下命令安装：

debian:~# apt-get install alsa-utils

把音量、音色等调整好后，保存到/var/lib/alsa/asound.state文件中：

debian:~# alsactl store

重启电脑，马上就可聆听到自由的声音了。

脚本内容：

#! /bin/sh

# source function library

. /etc/init.d/functions

asound_restore(){

echo "ALSA: Restoring mixer settings..."

if test -x /usr/sbin/alsactl -a -e /var/lib/alsa/asound.state

then