1.6/1.7 配置IP
1.8 网络问题排查
配置IP
不管你是使用网桥模式,还是NAT模式,vmware10的虚拟机都是支持自动获取IP的。默认CentOS安装完成后,网卡配置文件是通过dhcp的方式获取ip的,所以我们只需要运行一个命令即可获取到ip,命令是 dhclient
如果你在接下来的试验中发现自动获取到的ip消失了,那么就需要我们手动来配置一个静态IP了。在配置静态IP之前,需要我们做如下操作(适用于NAT模式):
(1)点一下虚拟机菜单栏的“编辑”选中“虚拟网络编辑器”,选中“vmnet8"那一行(2)点右侧的”NAT设置”,记住网关的ip是什么,比如我的网关地址是“192.168.79.2”
(2)到我们的虚拟机上,也就是CentOS里面,输入命令:
vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=static
DEFROUTE=yes
PEERDNS=yes
PEERROUTES=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_PEERDNS=yes
IPV6_PEERROUTES=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=ens33
UUID=108cce0a-b5ea-482f-9d48-f744fa3d4347
DEVICE=ens33
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.79.128
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.79.2
DNS1=8.8.8.8
[root@localhost ~]#sed -i 's/ONBOOT=no/ONBOOT=yes/' /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
[root@localhost ~]#sed -i 's/BOOTPROTO=dhcp/BOOTPROTO=static/'/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
[root@localhost ~]#echo "IPADDR=192.168.79.128" >>/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
[root@localhost ~]#echo "NETMASK=255.255.255.0" >>/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
[root@localhost ~]#echo "GATEWAY=192.168.79.2" >>/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
[root@localhost ~]#echo "DNS1=8.8.8.8" >>/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
[root@localhost ~]#systemctl restart network.service
(3)使用命令 ifconfig 查看当前网卡的ip,我们还可以加一个 -a选项来查看全部的网卡配置
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig -a
ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.79.128 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.79.255
inet6 fe80::6e31:1314:97ad:941d prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:0c:29:9a:64:8f txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 1949 bytes 155637 (151.9 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 634 bytes 86354 (84.3 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 1 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 80 bytes 6936 (6.7 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 80 bytes 6936 (6.7 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
[root@localhost ~]# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
0.0.0.0 192.168.79.2 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 ens33
192.168.79.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 ens33
[root@localhost ~]# ping 192.168.79.2
PING 192.168.79.2 (192.168.79.2) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.79.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=128 time=0.169 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.79.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=128 time=0.139 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.79.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=128 time=0.172 ms
^C
--- 192.168.79.2 ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2001ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.139/0.160/0.172/0.014 ms
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# ping www.baidu.com
PING www.a.shifen.com (115.239.210.27) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 115.239.210.27 (115.239.210.27): icmp_seq=1 ttl=128 time=10.1 ms
64 bytes from 115.239.210.27 (115.239.210.27): icmp_seq=2 ttl=128 time=10.6 ms
^C
--- www.a.shifen.com ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1001ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 10.155/10.386/10.618/0.252 ms
如果没有ifconfig命令就安装
[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y net-tools