[Python烟花]Python小练习：实现满屏幕随即烟花

一、内容概述

本文同之前的飞机大战一样，面向python3的初学者。在这篇文章中，我们通过pygame、math、random三个包提供的内容实现满屏幕的烟花绽放，烟花会从屏幕最底端发射，沿着直线，并在随机位置发生爆炸，爆炸后，会在爆炸位置产生众多烟花颗粒，这些烟花颗粒会渐渐消失.

二、最终代码及成果展示

最终代码

import pygame
import random
import math

class Firework():
    def __init__(self, x, y, screen):
        self.screen = screen
        self.start_x = x
        self.start_y = y
        self.cur_x = x
        self.cur_y = y
        self.color = (random.randint(0,255), random.randint(0,255), random.randint(0,255))

    def draw(self):
        pygame.draw.circle(self.screen, self.color, (self.cur_x, self.cur_y), 5)

    def move_up(self):
        self.cur_y -= 5

class Particle():
    def __init__(self, x, y, screen):
        self.x = x
        self.y = y
        self.screen = screen
        self.color = (random.randint(0,255), random.randint(0,255), random.randint(0,255))
        self.speed = random.uniform(1, 3)
        self.angle = random.uniform(0, 2 * math.pi)
        self.radius = random.randint(2, 4)
        self.life = random.randint(10, 20)   #决定烟花颗粒存活的时间

    def move(self):
        self.x += self.speed * math.cos(self.angle)
        self.y += self.speed * math.sin(self.angle)
        self.life -= 1

    def draw(self):
        pygame.draw.circle(self.screen, self.color, (int(self.x), int(self.y)), self.radius)

def main():
    pygame.init()
    screen = pygame.display.set_mode((800,600))
    clock = pygame.time.Clock()

    fireworks = []
    particles = []

    while True:
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                pygame.quit()

        fireworks.append(Firework(random.randint(0,800), 600, screen))

        screen.fill((0,0,0))

        for f in fireworks:
            f.draw()
            f.move_up()
            if random.randint(1, 100) > 96:
                for _ in range(random.randint(50,100)):
                    particles.append(Particle(f.cur_x, f.cur_y, screen))
                fireworks.remove(f)

        for p in particles:
            p.draw()
            p.move()
            if p.life <= 0:
                particles.remove(p)

        pygame.display.flip()
        clock.tick(60)  # 控制刷新率

main()

三、代码详解

首先我们引入三个必要的包

import pygame
import random
import math

然后，我们定义了一个最重要的类，及决定烟花颗粒的类，在Particle类中，最为重要的是life属性，通过调节life的random范围，可以随机决定烟花颗粒的存活时间；radius属性决定烟花颗粒的大小，其余属性一看就懂

class Particle():
    def __init__(self, x, y, screen):
        self.x = x
        self.y = y
        self.screen = screen
        self.color = (random.randint(0,255), random.randint(0,255), random.randint(0,255))
        self.speed = random.uniform(1, 3)
        self.angle = random.uniform(0, 2 * math.pi)
        self.radius = random.randint(2, 4)
        self.life = random.randint(10, 20)   #决定烟花颗粒存活的时间

    def move(self):
        self.x += self.speed * math.cos(self.angle)
        self.y += self.speed * math.sin(self.angle)
        self.life -= 1

    def draw(self):
        pygame.draw.circle(self.screen, self.color, (int(self.x), int(self.y)), self.radius)

这个类用于生成烟花本身

class Firework():
    def __init__(self, x, y, screen):
        self.screen = screen
        self.start_x = x
        self.start_y = y
        self.cur_x = x
        self.cur_y = y
        self.color = (random.randint(0,255), random.randint(0,255), random.randint(0,255))

    def draw(self):
        pygame.draw.circle(self.screen, self.color, (self.cur_x, self.cur_y), 5)

    def move_up(self):
        self.cur_y -= 5

最后，我们定义主函数，并在主函数中实现代码循环，完成最主要部分

def main():
    pygame.init()
    screen = pygame.display.set_mode((800,600))
    clock = pygame.time.Clock()

    fireworks = []
    particles = []

    while True:
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                pygame.quit()

        fireworks.append(Firework(random.randint(0,800), 600, screen))

        screen.fill((0,0,0))

        for f in fireworks:
            f.draw()
            f.move_up()
            if random.randint(1, 100) > 96:
                for _ in range(random.randint(50,100)):
                    particles.append(Particle(f.cur_x, f.cur_y, screen))
                fireworks.remove(f)

        for p in particles:
            p.draw()
            p.move()
            if p.life <= 0:
                particles.remove(p)

        pygame.display.flip()
        clock.tick(60)  # 控制刷新率