2.Java内存溢出程序举例

2.Java内存溢出程序举例

OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

/**
-Xms20M -Xmx20M -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError
**/
public class JVMTest {
	
	static class OOM{}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		List<OOM> list = new ArrayList<OOM>();
		while(true){
			list.add(new OOM());
		}
	}
}

打印结果：

java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space Dumping heap to
java_pid1948.hprof … Heap dump file created [27965238 bytes in 0.084
secs] Exception in thread “main” java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap
space at java.util.Arrays.copyOf(Arrays.java:3210) at
java.util.Arrays.copyOf(Arrays.java:3181) at
java.util.ArrayList.grow(ArrayList.java:261) at
java.util.ArrayList.ensureExplicitCapacity(ArrayList.java:235) at
java.util.ArrayList.ensureCapacityInternal(ArrayList.java:227) at
java.util.ArrayList.add(ArrayList.java:458) at
JVMTest.main(JVMTest.java:11)

生成的.hprof文件默认在对应工程下面。可以使用如下语句来指定生成的.hprof文件路径及在遇到OnOutOfMemoryError时执行的linux命令。

-XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError
-XX:HeapDumpPath=/tmp/heapdump.hprof
-XX:OnOutOfMemoryError =“sh ~/cleanup.sh”

StackOverflowError

/**
 * 
 * @author x
 * -Xss128K
 */
public class JVMTest {
	
	private int stackLength = 1;
	public void stackLeak(){
		stackLength++;
		stackLeak();
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		JVMTest jvmTest = new JVMTest();
		try {
			jvmTest.stackLeak();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			System.out.println("Stack length:" + jvmTest.stackLength);
			throw(e);
		}
	}
}

打印结果：

Exception in thread “main” java.lang.StackOverflowError at
JVMTest.stackLeak(JVMTest.java:13) at
JVMTest.stackLeak(JVMTest.java:14) at
JVMTest.stackLeak(JVMTest.java:14) at
JVMTest.stackLeak(JVMTest.java:14) at
JVMTest.stackLeak(JVMTest.java:14) at
JVMTest.stackLeak(JVMTest.java:14) at
JVMTest.stackLeak(JVMTest.java:14)

OutOfMemoryError: Metaspace

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * 
 * @author x
 * -XX:MaxMetaspaceSize=512K -XX:MetaspaceSize=512K
 */
public class JVMTest {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
		int  i = 0;
		while(true){
			list.add(String.valueOf(i++).intern());
		}
	}
}

打印

Error occurred during initialization of VM OutOfMemoryError: Metaspace

java.lang.OutOfMemoryError 本地内存

import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import sun.misc.Unsafe;

/**
 * VM Args: -Xmx20M -XX:MaxDirectMemorySize=10M
 * @author x
 */
public class DirectMemoryOOM {
	private static final int _1MB = 1024 * 1024;
	
	@SuppressWarnings("restriction")
	public static void main(String[] args) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException {
		Field unsafeField = Unsafe.class.getDeclaredFields()[0];
		unsafeField.setAccessible(true);
		Unsafe unsafe = null;
		unsafe = (Unsafe) unsafeField.get(null);
		while (true){
			unsafe.allocateMemory(_1MB);
		}
	}
}

打印结果：

Exception in thread “main” java.lang.OutOfMemoryError at
sun.misc.Unsafe.allocateMemory(Native Method) at
DirectMemoryOOM.main(DirectMemoryOOM.java:18)

本地内存溢出一个明显的特征是在Heap Dump文件中不会看见明显的异常，如果发现OOM之后Dump文件很小，而程序中直接或间接使用了NIO，那就可以考虑检查一下是否是这方面的原因导致。