SaltStack之salt-ssh

1. salt-ssh介绍

salt-ssh可以让我们不需要在受控机上安装salt-minion客户端也能够实现管理操作。

1.1 salt-ssh的特点

特点：
　　★远程系统需要Python支持，除非使用-r选项发送原始ssh命令
　　★salt-ssh是一个软件包，需安装之后才能使用，命令本身也是salt-ssh
　　★salt-ssh不会取代标准的Salt通信系统，它只是提供了一个基于SSH的替代方案，不需要ZeroMQ和agent

请注意，由于所有与Salt SSH的通信都是通过SSH执行的，因此它比使用ZeroMQ的标准Salt慢得多

1.2 salt-ssh远程管理的方式

salt-ssh有两种方式实现远程管理，一种是在配置文件中记录所有客户端的信息，诸如 IP 地址、端口号、用户名、密码以及是否支持sudo等；另一种是使用密钥实现远程管理，不需要输入密码。

2. salt-ssh管理与配置

2.1在master上安装salt-ssh

[root@WangJiayue ~]# yum -y install salt-ssh

2.2 通过使用用户名密码的SSH实现远程管理

修改配置文件，添加受控机信息

[root@WangJiayue ~]# vim /etc/salt/roster
.............
WangJiayue-2:
  host: 192.168.222.129
  user: root
  passwd: 123456
.............

2.3 测试连通性

[root@WangJiayue ~]# salt-ssh '*' test.ping
WangJiayue-2:
    ----------
    retcode:
        254
    stderr:
    stdout:
        The host key needs to be accepted, to auto accept run salt-ssh with the -i flag:
        The authenticity of host '192.168.222.129 (192.168.222.129)' can't be established.
        ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:lsDQSzU3iqXVSwdfiNTSwfpS7PfVunpJoCDNIIqw444.
        ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:c8:f4:64:57:48:d4:9c:96:ae:cc:fa:7d:f9:11:b3:da.
        Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? 

//第一次访问时需要输入 yes/no ，但是 saltstack 是不支持交互式操作的，所以为了解决这个问题，我们需要对其进行设置，让系统不进行主机验证。

[root@WangJiayue ~]# vim ~/.ssh/config

......
StrictHostKeyChecking no   //此行为添加内容
......

[root@WangJiayue ~]# salt-ssh '*' test.ping
WangJiayue-2:
    True

2.4 通过salt-ssh初始化系统安装salt-minion

[root@WangJiayue ~]# mkdir -p /srv/salt/base/{rpm,files}
[root@WangJiayue ~]# cp salt-repo-latest-2.el7.noarch.rpm /srv/salt/base/rpm/
[root@WangJiayue ~]# cp /etc/salt/minion /srv/salt/base/files/
[root@WangJiayue ~]# vim /srv/salt/base/minion.sls
/root/salt-repo-latest-2.el7.noarch.rpm:
  file.managed:
    - source: salt://rpm/salt-repo-latest-2.el7.noarch.rpm
    - user: root
    - group: root
    - mode: 0644
  cmd.run:
    - name: yum -y localinstall salt-repo-latest-2.el7.noarch.rpm

salt-minion-install:
  pkg.installed:
    - name: salt-minion

salt-minion-conf:
  file.managed:
    - name: /etc/salt/minion
    - source: salt://files/minion
    - user: root
    - group: root
    - mode: 0644
    - require:
      - pkg: salt-minion-install

salt-minion-service:
  service.running:
    - name: salt-minion
    - enable: True
    - start: True
    - watch:
       - file: /etc/salt/minion

2.4 在minion端查看状态

[root@WangJiayue base]# salt-ssh 'WangJiayue-2' state.highstate
[root@WangJiayue-2 ~]# systemctl status salt-minion
● salt-minion.service - The Salt Minion
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/salt-minion.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Tue 2020-08-26 11:23:24 EDT; 1min 18s ago
     Docs: man:salt-minion(1)
           file:///usr/share/doc/salt/html/contents.html
           https://docs.saltstack.com/en/latest/contents.html
 Main PID: 129738 (salt-minion)
   CGroup: /system.slice/salt-minion.service
           ├─ 35316 /usr/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=...
           ├─129738 /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/salt-minion
           ├─129742 /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/salt-minion
           └─129745 /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/salt-minion

Aug 26 11:23:24 WangJiayue-2 systemd[1]: Stopped The Salt Minion.
Aug 26 11:23:24 WangJiayue-2 systemd[1]: Starting The Salt Minion...
Aug 26 11:23:24 WangJiayue-2 systemd[1]: Started The Salt Minion.
Aug 26 11:23:24 WangJiayue-2 salt-minion[129738]: /usr/lib/python2.7/site-...
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
[root@WangJiayue-2 ~]# grep '192.168.222.128' /etc/salt/minion
master: 192.168.222.128

2.5 在master上接受指定minion的新证书

root@WangJiayue ~]# salt-key -L
Accepted Keys:
Denied Keys:
Unaccepted Keys:
WangJiayue
WangJiayue-2
Rejected Keys:
[root@WangJiayue ~]# salt-key -ya 'WangJiayue-2'
The following keys are going to be accepted:
Unaccepted Keys:
WangJiayue-2
Key for minion WangJiayue-2 accepted.
[root@WangJiayue ~]# salt-key -L
Accepted Keys:
WangJiayue-2
Denied Keys:
Unaccepted Keys:
WangJiayue
Rejected Keys:

2.6 使用salt命令测试连通性

[root@WangJiayue ~]# salt 'WangJiayue-2' test.ping
WangJiayue-2:
            True