SpringMVC-web服务端测试

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-06 12:41:42 发布

半笙彷徨

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-06 12:41:42 发布

阅读量972

点赞数

分类专栏： Spring 文章标签： SpringMVC springboot SpringMVC测试 controller测试测试文件上传

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/wang704987562/article/details/82910000

版权

Spring 专栏收录该内容

24 篇文章 0 订阅

订阅专栏

测试SpringMVC中controller，demo项目采用spring boot方式搭建，依赖使用maven。
pom.xml

<parent>
	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
	<version>2.0.0.RELEASE</version>
	<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<dependencies>
	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
	</dependency>

	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
		<scope>test</scope>
	</dependency>
	<!--jsp依赖-->
	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId>
		<artifactId>tomcat-embed-jasper</artifactId>
		<scope>provided</scope>
	</dependency>
	<dependency>
		<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
		<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
	</dependency>
	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.assertj</groupId>
		<artifactId>assertj-core</artifactId>
		<version>3.11.1</version>
		<scope>test</scope>
	</dependency>
</dependencies>

application.properties

# 页面默认前缀目录
spring.mvc.view.prefix=/WEB-INF/jsp/
# 响应页面默认后缀
spring.mvc.view.suffix=.jsp

server.port=8080

测试controller

package com.example.demo;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

/**
 * @author Walker
 * @since 1.0 2018-09-30
 */
@Controller
public class TestController {

	@RequestMapping(value = {"/", "/index"})
    public String index(Map<String, Object> model) {
        model.put("time", new Date());
        return "index";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/test")
    @ResponseBody
    public String test() {
        return "ok";
    }
    
    @RequestMapping("/upload")
    @ResponseBody
    public String upload(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file) throws IOException {
        System.out.println(IOUtils.toString(file.getInputStream(), "utf-8"));
        return file.getName();
    }

}

测试用例，使用TestRestTemplate访问首页：

package com.example.demo;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.boot.test.web.client.TestRestTemplate;
import org.springframework.boot.web.server.LocalServerPort;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;

/**
 * @author Walker
 * @since 1.0 2018-09-30
 */
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
public class HttpRequestTest {

    @LocalServerPort
    private int port;

    @Autowired
    private TestRestTemplate restTemplate;

    @Test
    public void testController() {
        String result = restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:" + port + "/", String.class);
        System.out.println(result);
        assertThat(result).contains("Time");
    }
}

结果：

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
    <title>Spring Boot Sample</title>
</head>

<body>
Time: Sun Sep 30 15:12:30 CST 2018
</body>
</html>

如果只想测试web层，可以使用@WebMvcTest注解，其参数可指定加载的controller类，如果此时controller类依赖其他bean，如service等，可使用 @MockBean注入bean，否则应用启动报错。
第二个测试用例，使用@WebMvcTest

package com.example.demo;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.WebMvcTest;
import org.springframework.boot.test.mock.mockito.MockBean;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;

import static org.hamcrest.core.StringContains.containsString;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.get;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultHandlers.print;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.*;

/**
 * 仅加载web层
 * @author Walker
 * @since 1.0 2018-09-30
 */
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@WebMvcTest(/*TestController.class*/)
public class WebLayerTest {

    @Autowired
    private MockMvc mockMvc;

    @MockBean
    private AsyncTask task;

    @Test
    public void test() throws Exception {
        mockMvc.perform(get("/test")).andDo(print())
                .andExpect(status().isOk())
                .andExpect(content().string(containsString("ok")));

        //当这个方法被调用时,设置方法返回值
        when(task.test()).thenReturn("hello");
        mockMvc.perform(get("/testReturn")).andDo(print())
                .andExpect(status().isOk())
                .andExpect(content().string(containsString("hello")));
    }

    @Test
    public void test2() throws Exception {
         mockMvc.perform(get("/page1")).andDo(print())
                .andExpect(forwardedUrl("/WEB-INF/jsp/page/page1.jsp")).andReturn();
    }
    
}

test()输出结果：

MockHttpServletRequest:
      HTTP Method = GET
      Request URI = /test
       Parameters = {}
          Headers = {}
             Body = <no character encoding set>
    Session Attrs = {}

Handler:
             Type = com.example.demo.TestController
           Method = public java.lang.String com.example.demo.TestController.test()

Async:
    Async started = false
     Async result = null

Resolved Exception:
             Type = null

ModelAndView:
        View name = null
             View = null
            Model = null

FlashMap:
       Attributes = null

MockHttpServletResponse:
           Status = 200
    Error message = null
          Headers = {Content-Type=[text/plain;charset=UTF-8], Content-Length=[2]}
     Content type = text/plain;charset=UTF-8
             Body = ok
    Forwarded URL = null
   Redirected URL = null
          Cookies = []

MockHttpServletRequest:
      HTTP Method = GET
      Request URI = /testReturn
       Parameters = {}
          Headers = {}
             Body = <no character encoding set>
    Session Attrs = {}

Handler:
             Type = com.example.demo.PageController
           Method = public java.lang.String com.example.demo.PageController.testReturn()

Async:
    Async started = false
     Async result = null

Resolved Exception:
             Type = null

ModelAndView:
        View name = null
             View = null
            Model = null

FlashMap:
       Attributes = null

MockHttpServletResponse:
           Status = 200
    Error message = null
          Headers = {Content-Type=[text/plain;charset=UTF-8], Content-Length=[5]}
     Content type = text/plain;charset=UTF-8
             Body = hello
    Forwarded URL = null
   Redirected URL = null
          Cookies = []

test2()输出结果：

MockHttpServletRequest:
      HTTP Method = GET
      Request URI = /page1
       Parameters = {}
          Headers = {}
             Body = <no character encoding set>
    Session Attrs = {}

Handler:
             Type = com.example.demo.PageController
           Method = public org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView com.example.demo.PageController.page1()

Async:
    Async started = false
     Async result = null

Resolved Exception:
             Type = null

ModelAndView:
        View name = page/page1
             View = null
        Attribute = content
            value = Hello Shanhy

FlashMap:
       Attributes = null

MockHttpServletResponse:
           Status = 200
    Error message = null
          Headers = {Content-Language=[en]}
     Content type = null
             Body = 
    Forwarded URL = /WEB-INF/jsp/page/page1.jsp
   Redirected URL = null
          Cookies = []

再看看如何测试上传文件：

@Test
public void upload() throws Exception {
    MockMultipartFile file = new MockMultipartFile("file", "test.txt", "text/plain", "filecontent".getBytes());
    mockMvc.perform(multipart("/upload").file(file))
            .andDo(print())
            .andExpect(status().isOk());
}

测试结果：

MockHttpServletRequest:
      HTTP Method = POST
      Request URI = /upload
       Parameters = {}
          Headers = {Content-Type=[multipart/form-data]}
             Body = <no character encoding set>
    Session Attrs = {}

Handler:
             Type = com.example.demo.TestController
           Method = public java.lang.String com.example.demo.TestController.upload(org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile) throws java.io.IOException

Async:
    Async started = false
     Async result = null

Resolved Exception:
             Type = null

ModelAndView:
        View name = null
             View = null
            Model = null

FlashMap:
       Attributes = null

MockHttpServletResponse:
           Status = 200
    Error message = null
          Headers = {Content-Type=[text/plain;charset=UTF-8], Content-Length=[4]}
     Content type = text/plain;charset=UTF-8
             Body = file
    Forwarded URL = null
   Redirected URL = null
          Cookies = []