Kibana User Guide [4.2] » Visualize » Tile Maps

Tile Maps

瓦片地图

A tile map displays a geographic area overlaid with circles keyed to the data determined by the buckets you specify.

瓦片地图显示一个由圆圈覆盖着的地理区域。这些圆圈则是由你指定的 buckets 控制的。

The default metrics aggregation for a tile map is the Count aggregation. You can select any of the following aggregations as the metrics aggregation:

瓦片地图的默认 metrics 聚合是 Count 聚合。你可以选择下列聚合中的任意一个作为 metrics 聚合：

Count 计数

The  count aggregation returns a raw count of the elements in the selected index pattern.

索引模式中，元素的原始计数。

Average 平均值

This aggregation returns the  average of a numeric field. Select a field from the drop-down.

一个数值字段的平均值，从下拉菜单中选择一个字段。

Sum 综合

The  sum aggregation returns the total sum of a numeric field. Select a field from the drop-down.

一个数值字段的总和。

Min 最小值

The  min aggregation returns the minimum value of a numeric field. Select a field from the drop-down.

一个数值字段的最小值。

Max 最大值

The  max aggregation returns the maximum value of a numeric field. Select a field from the drop-down.

一个数值字段的最大值。

Unique Count 单一计数

The  cardinality aggregation returns the number of unique values in a field. Select a field from the drop-down.

去重数据值。

The buckets aggregations determine what information is being retrieved from your data set.

Before you choose a buckets aggregation, specify if you are splitting the chart or displaying the buckets asGeo Coordinates on a single chart. A multiple chart split must run before any other aggregations.

buckets 聚合指明从你的数据集中将要检索什么信息。
在你选择 buckets 聚合前，指定你是打算分割图形，还是在单个图形上显示 buckets 为 Geo Coordinates。多图切割的聚合必须在最先运行。

Tile maps use the Geohash aggregation as their initial aggregation. Select a field, typically coordinates, from the drop-down. The Precision slider determines the granularity of the results displayed on the map. See the documentation for the geohash grid aggregation for details on the area specified by each precision level. Kibana supports a maximum geohash length of 7.

瓦片地图使用 Geohash 聚合作为他们的初始化聚合。从下拉菜单中选择一个坐标字段。Precision 滑动条设置圆圈在地图上显示的颗粒度大小。阅读 geohash grid 聚合的文档，了解每个精度级别的区域细节。Kibana 目前支持的最大 geohash 长度为 7。

Higher precisions increase memory usage for the browser displaying Kibana as well as for the underlying Elasticsearch cluster.

更高的精度意味着同时消耗了浏览器和 ES 集群更多的内存。

Once you’ve specified a buckets aggregation, you can define sub-aggregations to refine the visualization. Tile maps only support sub-aggregations as split charts. Click + Add Sub Aggregation, then Split Chart to select a sub-aggregation from the list of types:

一旦你定义好了一个 X 轴聚合。你可以继续定义子聚合来完善可视化效果。点击 + Add Sub Aggregation 添加子聚合，然后选择 Split Area 或者 Split Chart，然后从类型菜单中选择一个子聚合。

Date Histogram 日期柱状图

A  date histogram is built from a numeric field and organized by date. You can specify a time frame for the intervals in seconds, minutes, hours, days, weeks, months, or years. You can also specify a custom interval frame by selecting  Custom as the interval and specifying a number and a time unit in the text field. Custom interval time units are  s for seconds,  m for minutes,  h for hours,  d for days,  w for weeks, and  y for years. Different units support different levels of precision, down to one second.

基于数值字段创建，由时间组织起来。你可以指定时间片的间隔，单位包括秒、分、小时、天、星期、月、年。

Histogram 柱状图

A standard  histogram is built from a numeric field. Specify an integer interval for this field. Select the Show empty buckets checkbox to include empty intervals in the histogram.

基于数值字段创建，为这个字段指定一个整数间隔。勾选 Show empty buckets让直方图中包含空的间隔。

Range 类别

With a  range aggregation, you can specify ranges of values for a numeric field. Click  Add Range to add a set of range endpoints. Click the red  (x) symbol to remove a range.

可以为一个数值字段指定一系列区间，点击添加一对区间端点。点击红色 的 (x)  符合移除一个区间。

Date Range 日期类别

A  date range aggregation reports values that are within a range of dates that you specify. You can specify the ranges for the dates using  date math expressions. Click  Add Range to add a set of range endpoints. Click the red  (/) symbol to remove a range.

计算你指定的时间区间的值。可以使用data math表达式指定区间，点击Add Range添加新的区间端点，点击红色的   (/)  符号移除区间。

IPv4 Range IPv4类别

The  IPv4 range aggregation enables you to specify ranges of IPv4 addresses. Click  Add Range to add a set of range endpoints. Click the red  (/) symbol to remove a range.

指定IPv4地址的区间，点击 Add Range添加新的区间端点，点击红色的   (/)   符号移除区间。

Terms 条件

A  terms aggregation enables you to specify the top or bottom  n elements of a given field to display, ordered by count or a custom metric.

允许你指定展示一个字段的首尾几个元素，排序方式可以使计数，或者是其他自定义的metric。

Filters 过滤器

You can specify a set of  filters for the data. You can specify a filter as a query string or in JSON format, just as in the Discover search bar. Click  Add Filter to add another filter. Click the    label button to open the label field, where you can type in a name to display on the visualization.

你可以为数据指定一组filters，每个filters中可以用query string，也可以用JSON格式，就像在Discover页的搜索栏里一样。点击 Add Filter添加下一个过滤器。

Significant Terms 有意义的条件

Displays the results of the experimental  significant terms aggregation. The value of the  Size parameter defines the number of entries this aggregation returns.

展示有意义条件的结果。

Geohash 地理哈希

The  geohash aggregation displays points based on the geohash coordinates.

地理哈希聚集展现了基于地理哈希坐标的点。

By default, the Change precision on map zoom box is checked. Uncheck the box to disable this behavior.

一般情况下，Change precision on map zoom要检查过，没有检查过的窗口不能进行这个行为。

You can click the Advanced link to display more customization options for your metrics or bucket aggregation:

你可以点击 Advanced 链接显示更多有关聚合的自定义参数：

Exclude Pattern 排除模式

Specify a pattern in this field to exclude from the results.

指定一个从结果集中排除掉的模式。

Exclude Pattern Flags 排除模式标志

A standard set of Java flags for the exclusion pattern.

排除模式的Java flags 标准集

Include Pattern 包含模式

Specify a pattern in this field to include in the results.

指定一个从结果集中要包含的模式

Include Pattern Flags 包含模式标志

A standard set of Java flags for the inclusion pattern.

包含模式的Java flags标准集

JSON Input JSON输入

A text field where you can add specific JSON-formatted properties to merge with the aggregation definition, as in the following example:

一个用来添加JSON格式属性的文本框，内容会合并进聚合的定义中，格式如下例：

{ "script" : "doc['grade'].value * 1.2" }

In Elasticsearch releases 1.4.3 and later, this functionality requires you to enable dynamic Groovy scripting.

在Elasticsearch 1.4.3及以后版本，这个函数需要你开启dynamic Groovy scripting。

The availability of these options varies depending on the aggregation you choose.

下面参数是否可用，取决于你选择的聚合函数。

Select the Options tab to change the following aspects of the chart:

选择Options 更改表格中如下方面：

Map type 地图类型

Select one of the following options from the drop-down.

从下拉框选择下面的一个选项。

Scaled Circle Markers 圆标记尺度

Scale the size of the markers based on the metric aggregation’s value.

根据 metric 聚合的值显示不同的颜色。

Shaded Circle Markers 圆标记颜色

Displays the markers with different shades based on the metric aggregation’s value.

根据 metric 聚合的值显示不同的大小。

Shaded Geohash Grid 地理哈希格颜色

Displays the rectangular cells of the geohash grid instead of circular markers, with different shades based on the metric aggregation’s value.

用矩形替换默认的圆形显示 geohash，根据 metric 聚合的值显示不同的颜色。

Heatmap 热力图

A heat map applies blurring to the circle markers and applies shading based on the amount of overlap. Heatmaps have the following options: 热力图可以模糊化圆标而且层叠显示颜色。热力图本身还有如下选项可用：

• Radius: Sets the size of the individual heatmap dots. 半径：设置单个热力图的大小。
• Blur: Sets the amount of blurring for the heatmap dots. 污迹：设置热力图点的模糊度。
• Maximum zoom: Tilemaps in Kibana support 18 zoom levels. This slider defines the maximum zoom level at which the heatmap dots appear at full intensity. 最大量嗡嗡声：Kibana 的 Tilemap 支持 18 级缩放。该选项设置热力图最大强度下的最高缩放级别。
• Minimum opacity: Sets the opacity cutoff for the dots. 最小量模糊度：设置数据点的不透明截止位置。
• Show Tooltip: Check this box to have a tooltip with the values for a given dot when the cursor is on that dot. 展现工具提示：勾选该项，让鼠标放在数据点上时显示该点的数据。

Desaturate map tiles 不饱和地图颜色

Desaturate the map’s color in order to make the markers stand out more clearly.

淡化地图颜色，凸显标记的清晰度。

WMS compliant map server WMS依从的地图服务器

Check this box to enable the use of a third-party mapping service that complies with the Web Map Service (WMS) standard. Specify the following elements:

• WMS url: The URL for the WMS map service.
• WMS layers: A comma-separated list of the layers to use in this visualization. Each map server provides its own list of layers.
• WMS version: The WMS version used by this map service.
• WMS format: The image format used by this map service. The two most common formats areimage/png and image/jpeg.
• WMS attribution: An optional, user-defined string that identifies the map source. Maps display the attribution string in the lower right corner.
• WMS styles: A comma-separated list of the styles to use in this visualization. Each map server provides its own styling options.

After changing options, click the green Apply changes button to update your visualization, or the greyDiscard changes button to keep your visualization in its current state.

更新选项后，点击绿色 Apply changes 按钮更新你的可视化界面，或者灰色 Discard changes 按钮保持原状。

Navigating the Map 浏览地图

Once your tilemap visualization is ready, you can explore the map in several ways:

可视化地图就绪后，你可以通过一下方式探索地图：

• Click and hold anywhere on the map and move the cursor to move the map center. Hold Shift and drag a bounding box across the map to zoom in on the selection.在地图任意位置点击并按住鼠标后，拖动即可转移地图中心。按住鼠标左键拖拽绘制方框则可以放大选定区域。
• Click the Zoom In/Out  buttons to change the zoom level manually. 点击 Zoom In/Out  按钮手动修改缩放级别。
• Click the Fit Data Bounds  button to automatically crop the map boundaries to the geohash buckets that have at least one result. 点击 Fit Data Bounds  按钮让地图自动聚焦到至少有一个数据点的地区。
• Click the Latitude/Longitude Filter  button, then drag a bounding box across the map, to create a filter for the box coordinates.  点击 Latitude/Longitude Filter  按钮，然后在地图上拖拽绘制一个方框，自动生成这个框范围的经纬度过滤器。

Viewing Detailed Information 查看详细信息

To display the raw data behind the visualization, click the bar at the bottom of the container. Tabs with detailed information about the raw data replace the visualization:

展现可视化背后的原始数据，点击容器底部的条。用原始数据的详细信息代替可视化结果。

Table. A representation of the underlying data, presented as a paginated data grid. You can sort the items in the table by clicking on the table headers at the top of each column.

Table.潜在数据的展现，以标页的数据格子形式存在。你可以对表中的条款进行排序，通过点击表头，或者圆柱体顶部。

Request. The raw request used to query the server, presented in JSON format.

Request.被用于请求服务器，以JSON形式展现。

Response. The raw response from the server, presented in JSON format.

Response.来自服务器的响应，以JSON的形式存在。

Statistics. A summary of the statistics related to the request and the response, presented as a data grid. The data grid includes the query duration, the request duration, the total number of records found on the server, and the index pattern used to make the query.

Statistics. 对统计信息的总结，和请求与响应相关，以数据格子形式展现。数据格子包括请求持续，应答持续，服务器中的记录总数，用于请求的索引模式。

To export the raw data behind the visualization as a comma-separated-values (CSV) file, click on either theRaw or Formatted links at the bottom of any of the detailed information tabs. A raw export contains the data as it is stored in Elasticsearch. A formatted export contains the results of any applicable Kibana field formatters.

想要以csv格式输出可视化背后的原始数据，点击任何一个详细信息标签底部的 Raw 或 Formatted 链接。一个原始输出包括存在ES中的数据，一个定制化的输出包括Kibana中应用的结果。

备注：
材料来自elastic官网。
参考整理：
http://kibana.logstash.es/content/kibana/v4/visualize/map.html
原文地址：
https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/kibana/current/tilemap.html#tilemap