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最新推荐文章于 2024-01-12 16:48:55 发布

wang_zhou_jian

最新推荐文章于 2024-01-12 16:48:55 发布

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分类专栏： JaveEE 文章标签： mvc string servlet html dao application

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/wang_zhou_jian/article/details/5420338

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Web容器几大常用组件之间的关系，Servlet、JSP、JavaBean、DB

这几个组件之间的关系是MVC模式的基础。

经典MVC使用方法

请求到达Servlet，Servlet将它写到Bean里面（如果需要的话）

Servlet跳转到JSP

JSP来得到Bean里面的数据

下面就以MVC的方法完成一个模糊查询的界面，输入员工的模糊资料，能够查询出他的详细资料（编号、开始姓名、结束姓名、邮箱）。

首先建立一个模糊查询的页面queryForm.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <title>查询页面</title> </head> <body> 查找表单<br/> <form action="/MyMVC/servlet/QueryServlet" method="post">请输入员工姓名 <input name="ename"> <input type="submit" value="模糊查询"> </form> </body> </html> 编写Servlet，QueryServlet.java

package wang.servlet; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.List; import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher; import javax.servlet.ServletContext; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import wang.dao.EmployeeDao; import wang.po.Employee; public class QueryServlet extends HttpServlet { public QueryServlet() { super(); } public void destroy() { super.destroy(); } public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { String name = request.getParameter("ename"); name = new String(name.getBytes("ISO-8859-1")); EmployeeDao employeeDao = new EmployeeDao(); List<Employee> employees = employeeDao.queryEmployeeByName(name); request.setAttribute("employees", employees); ServletContext application = this.getServletContext(); RequestDispatcher rd = application.getRequestDispatcher("/queryResult.jsp"); rd.forward(request,response); } public void init() throws ServletException {} } 在该Servlet中首先接受界面输入的姓名参数，然后调用Dao（Data access object），到数据库里面查找。

编写Dao，EmployeeDao.java，实现访问数据库以及业务逻辑

package wang.dao; import java.sql.Connection; import java.sql.DriverManager; import java.sql.ResultSet; import java.sql.SQLException; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import wang.po.Employee; public class EmployeeDao { private Connection conn = null; public void initialConnection() { try { Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver").newInstance(); String url="jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:xe"; conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "hr", "hr"); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } public List<Employee> queryEmployeeByName(String name) { List<Employee> employees = new ArrayList<Employee>(); String sql = "select * from employees where FIRST_NAME like '%" + name + "%'"; try { this.initialConnection(); ResultSet rs = conn.createStatement().executeQuery(sql); while(rs.next()) { Employee employee = new Employee(); employee.setEmployeeId(rs.getString("EMPLOYEE_ID")); employee.setFirstName(rs.getString("FIRST_NAME")); employee.setLastName(rs.getString("LAST_NAME")); employee.setEmail(rs.getString("EMAIL")); employees.add(employee); } } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { this.closeConnection(); } return employees; } public void closeConnection() { try { if(conn!=null) { conn.close(); conn = null; } } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } 在Dao中使用了POJO类，在一定程度上起到映射数据表的作用

package wang.po; public class Employee { private String employeeId; private String firstName; private String lastName; private String email; public String getEmployeeId() { return employeeId; } public void setEmployeeId(String employeeId) { this.employeeId = employeeId; } public String getFirstName() { return firstName; } public void setFirstName(String firstName) { this.firstName = firstName; } public String getLastName() { return lastName; } public void setLastName(String lastName) { this.lastName = lastName; } public String getEmail() { return email; } public void setEmail(String email) { this.email = email; } } 在Servlet中得到查找的数据后，下面这几句代码

ServletContext application = this.getServletContext(); RequestDispatcher rd = application.getRequestDispatcher("/queryResult.jsp"); rd.forward(request,response); 表示跳转到queryResult.jsp页面中去。

注意：由于上面是把数据保存在request中（减少消耗），所以必须使用上面方法的跳转，如果是放在session里面，可以使用下面方法response.sendRedirect(location); 编写queryResult.jsp页面

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*,wang.po.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <title>查询结果页面</title> </head> <body> 查询结果<br/> <table> <tr> <td>编号</td> <td>开始姓名</td> <td>结束姓名</td> <td>邮箱</td> </tr> <% List employees = (ArrayList)request.getAttribute("employees"); for (int i=0; i<employees.size(); i++) { Employee employee = (Employee)employees.get(i); %> <tr> <td><%=employee.getEmployeeId() %></td> <td><%=employee.getFirstName() %></td> <td><%=employee.getLastName() %></td> <td><%=employee.getEmail() %></td> </tr> <% } %> </table> </body> </html> 启动Tomcat，访问查询页面，输入查询条件